Chapter 9: The Knowing Mind Memory
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Q1) Lillian is cramming for her Latin exam.She must memorize vocabulary lists for Chapters 3 through 7 in her textbook by tomorrow morning.Which of the following best describes her recall of Chapter 5's vocabulary list compared to her friend Deb,who studied each chapter on the individual night assigned?
A)Her recall of Chapter 5 will be essentially the same as Deb's if their total amount of study time is similar.
B)Her recall of Chapter 5 will be worse than Deb's because of proactive and retroactive interference.
C)Her recall of Chapter 5 will be better than Deb's because of proactive interference.
D)Her recall of Chapter 5 will be worse than Deb's because of retroactive interference only.
Q2) What is reconstruction?
A)The rebuilding of a memory out of stored elements
B)A set of expectations about objects and situations
C)The incorporation of unique combinations of information in memory
D)Competition between newer and older information in memory
Q3) Discuss the benefits and hindrances of motivated forgetting and recall of repressed memories.
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Chapter 10: The Thinking Mind Thinking, Language, and Intelligence
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Q1) Good decision making is ____.
A)a skill that can be taught
B)a product of nature over nurture
C)not predictive of real-world behavior
D)an innate skill
Q2) The loss of the ability to speak or understand language is called ____.
A)amnesia
B)dyslexia
C)aphasia
D)muteness
Q3) Which of the following is true about dyslexia?
A)Persons with dyslexia tend to think in rhymes.
B)Dyslexia is strongly influenced by genetic factors.
C)Persons with dyslexia are more likely to be right-handed or bidextrous.
D)Dyslexia is related to highly symmetrical cerebral hemispheres.
Q4) Understanding a problem should ____.
A)rely more on initial instincts rather than labor-intensive research
B)should be shaped by the presumed solution
C)should revolve around the big picture
D)should include data collection,analysis,and organization
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Chapter 11: The Developing Mind Life Span Development
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Q1) In which of the following two scenarios does Grace demonstrate that she has developed theory of mind?
(1)Grace accidentally pops Max's red balloon.Max is furious and heartbroken.Grace tells her mother "Max thinks I did it on purpose."
(2)Grace and Max play contentedly side by side with their blocks.Max builds a tower and Grace pushes it over believing that Max will think,as she does,that watching it fall is fun.
A)Scenario (1)only
B)Scenario (2)only
C)Scenarios (1)and (2)
D)Neither scenario
Q2) In the United States,but not in China,children with ________ showed lower levels of negative affect,such as anger.
A)lower negative affect
B)higher negative affect
C)higher effortful control
D)lower effortful control
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Chapter 12: The Individual Mind Personality and the Self
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Q1) Marion rarely refers to his strengths or accomplishments when with friends,so they have little clue as to his self-esteem.If Maion is among the majority of people,he most likely ____.
A)judges himself more negatively and less positively than he judges others
B)judges himself and others with complete fairness
C)judges himself more positively and less negatively than he judges others
D)judges himself and others very accurately
Q2) Autobiographical and episodic memories are important components of self-knowledge;however,as one psychologist noted,"The past is remembered as if it were a drama in which ____ (Greenwald,1980,p.604)."
A)only good things happened
B)the self was the leading player
C)only bad things happened
D)the parents were the source of all problems
Q3) Which statistical method was used to analyze the clustering of personality traits?
A)Factor analysis
B)Analysis of variance
C)t-test
D)Chi-squared test
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Page 14
Chapter 13: The Connected Mind Social Psychology
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Q1) How do we usually make quick assessments of others?
A)By focusing on a subset of traits and behaviors
B)By attempting to sum up the person as a whole
C)By evaluating as many key characteristics as possible
D)By looking for those traits similar to our own
Q2) Vanessa's father was an auto mechanic.She spent countless hours as a child by her dad's side,learning the ins and outs of his trade.There is no doubt that Vanessa is very competent in this field;however,she has applied to over 50 auto repair shops in her town and has not received one interview.Which of the following terms describes the most likely reason for this?
A)Stereotyping
B)Prejudice
C)Discrimination
D)Situational attribution
Q3) Complying with a request from an authority figure is called ____.
A)obedience
B)submission
C)conformity
D)subservience
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Chapter 14: The Troubled Mind Psychological Disorders
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Q1) Most patients with schizophrenia demonstrate a lower level of frontal lobe activity than healthy control participants.Why would this difference be significant?
A)The frontal lobes are important to higher cognitive processes and attention.
B)The frontal lobes manage motor skills and speech.
C)The frontal lobes are important to stress reaction and the formation of memories.
D)The frontal lobes manage vision and hearing.
Q2) Women experience depression more frequently than men do.This discrepancy between rates of depression in men and women has been observed to ____.
A)be independent of race,ethnicity,social class,and country of residence
B)be dependent on race,ethnicity,social class,and country of residence
C)vary by race,ethnicity,social class,and country of residence
D)be causally related to race,ethnicity,social class,and country of residence
Q3) Mania,unlike many other disorders,actually ____.
A)increases the ability to listen quietly to another
B)reduces a sense of self-importance
C)reduces risk-taking behavior
D)increases productive,goal-directed behavior
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Chapter 15: Healing the Troubled Mind Therapy
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Q1) How has managed care affected contemporary treatments for psychological disorders?
A)Psychological treatments are less stigmatized today because of managed care.
B)Decisions about treatment strategies are often made by untrained insurance company personnel.
C)More people have access to psychological treatments because of managed care.
D)Psychologists are able to develop more effective and evidence-based psychological treatments because of managed care.
Q2) Person-centered therapy was developed by ____.
A)Aaron Beck
B)Leonard Krasner
C)Carl Rogers
D)Sigmund Freud
Q3) One of the earliest examples of cognitive therapy was developed by ____.
A)Aaron Beck
B)Alfred Adler
C)Carl Rogers
D)Sigmund Freud
Q4) Describe the approach to psychological services known as life coaching and evaluate its effectiveness.
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Chapter 16: The Healthy Mind Stress and Coping, Health
Psychology, and Positive Psychology
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Q1) Bonnie,while riding her bicycle down a city street,was startled by the sudden sound of a car horn from directly behind her.What did her hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis do in response to the perceived stressor?
A)The hypothalamus communicated with the adrenal glands,which told the pituitary gland to release testosterone into the bloodstream.
B)The hypothalamus communicated with the pituitary gland,which told the adrenal glands to release cortisol into the bloodstream.
C)The hypothalamus communicated with the pituitary gland,which told the adrenal glands to release norepinephrine into the bloodstream.
D)The hypothalamus communicated with the adrenal glands,which told the pituitary gland to release adrenaline into the bloodstream.
Q2) What is the first stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome?
A)Resistance
B)Alarm reaction
C)Exhaustion
D)Heightened confusion
Q3) Discuss three types of coping.
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