Psychology for Educators Review Questions
Course Introduction
Psychology for Educators explores the fundamental principles of psychology as they apply to teaching and learning environments. This course examines key theories of development, cognition, motivation, and behavior to help future educators understand how students learn and grow. Topics include classroom management, learning differences, assessment strategies, and the impact of social, emotional, and cultural factors on education. By integrating psychological research with practical teaching strategies, students will gain valuable insights into fostering positive, inclusive, and effective classroom experiences.
Recommended Textbook
Psychology Modules for Active Learning 13th Edition by Dennis Coon
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82 Chapters
14792 Verified Questions
14792 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction
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220 Verified Questions
220 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/72103
Sample Questions
Q1) Making brief notes during which step of the SQ4R method helps to reveal what you do and don't know and helps you to fill in gaps in your knowledge?
A)survey
B)sequence
C)review
D)recite
Answer: D
Q2) Doug is completing online assignments for his psychology class and will receive immediate grades and feedback on each problem set.His assignment grades will then be automatically entered into his instructor's grade book.Doug is most likely using the online homework solution known as
A)PsycINFO Study Guide.
B)StudyTech Innovations.
C)Aplia Guided Practice Activities.
D)PsycPORT Review.
Answer: C
Q3) Reflective learners set specific goals for studying with these goals being clear-cut and _______.
Answer: measurable
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Page 3
Chapter 2: How to Study Psychology
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218 Verified Questions
218 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Regarding good study strategies,which of the following statements is FALSE?
A)Usually,you should not try to learn anything new about a subject during the last day before a test.
B)Most mnemonics link new information to ideas or images that are easy to remember.
C)Spaced practice is usually superior to massed practice.
D)Students who overprepare for a test usually become so nervous during the test that they "blank out," forgetting what they studied.
Answer: D
Q2) Every fourth or fifth module in the textbook consists of practical ideas for relating psychology to the student's own life.This special module is entitled
A)Critical Thinking.
B)Human Diversity.
C)The Clinical File.
D)Psychology in Action.
Answer: D
Q3) People who are active,reflective listeners skillfully gather ideas and avoid ______. Answer: distractions
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4
Chapter 3: Introducing Psychology: Psychology, Critical Thinking, and Science
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183 Verified Questions
183 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In order to permit scientific study,covert behaviors are
A)estimated.
B)not included in the analysis.
C)prevented from interfering with the experiment.
D)operationally defined in terms of overt behavior.
Answer: D
Q2) Which of the following behaviors can best be described as overt behavior?
A)watching a TV game show
B)thinking about the answer to a contestant's question
C)being sad that the contestant answered incorrectly
D)wondering if there are any frozen waffles left in the freezer
Answer: A
Q3) To be scientific,our observations must be
A)systematic.
B)intuitive.
C)haphazard.
D)related to common sense.
Answer: A
Q4) The heart of critical thinking is a willingness to actively __________ on ideas
Answer: reflect
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Chapter 4: Introducing Psychology: Psychology Then and Now
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281 Verified Questions
281 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sandra claims that Antoine's anxiety originates from unresolved sexual conflicts residing in his unconscious.Sandra's interpretation of Antoine's condition is consistent with the ______ perspective.
A)behaviorist
B)humanistic
C)psychodynamic
D)cognitive
Q2) You see a psychologist and tell her that you are feeling depressed.The psychologist talks to you about your past and attempts to link your present situation with unconscious patterns developed in your childhood as you interacted with your parents.The psychologist would probably belong to which school of psychology?
A)humanistic psychology
B)behaviorism
C)psychoanalytic psychology
D)Gestalt psychology
Q3) When a psychologist draws and utilizes aspects from many different psychological theories and approaches,we say that the psychologist is ______.
Q4) Sigmund Freud's approach to psychotherapy is known as ______.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Introducing Psychology: the Psychology Experiment
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128 Verified Questions
128 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A formal trial undertaken to confirm or disconfirm a hypothesis about the cause of behavior is called a(n)
A)naturalistic observation.
B)survey.
C)case study.
D)experiment.
Q2) According to the text,which of the following is NOT an essential variable found in a psychological experiment?
A)mediating
B)independent
C)extraneous
D)dependent
Q3) In an experiment to study the effects of study skills training on academic achievement,the study skills training would be the ______ variable.
A)dependent
B)extraneous
C)control
D)independent
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Chapter 6: Introducing Psychology: Non-Experimental
Research Methods
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136 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) To estimate the degree of the relationship between birth order and achievement motivation,a researcher would do a(n)__________ study.
A)naturalistic observation
B)inventory
C)correlational
D)experimental
Q2) Students who do better in high school tend to do better in college.This is an example of a _______ correlation.
A)negative
B)zero
C)positive
D)perfect
Q3) According to the text,case studies
A)lack formal control groups.
B)produce results that generalize better than survey results.
C)are the most scientific of the research methods.
D)are generally superior to experiments.
Q4) Discuss the survey method,including when it is used,how it is conducted,its advantages and limitations,and the increasing use of Internet surveys.
8
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Chapter 7: Psychology in Action: Thinking Critically About the Media
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34 Verified Questions
34 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Kevin is a law student,who reads an advertisement for a sleep-learning device that claims to have helped a law student pass the state bar exam.Kevin should
A)immediately order this device because the correlation is evidence of the device causing the law student to pass the bar.
B)immediately order this device because a correct inference can be made from this observation.
C)order the device because systematic research has shown that these devices really work.
D)not order the device because an individual case tells nothing about what is true in general.
Q2) When newspaper or magazine articles claim the effectiveness of some product or service,it is wise to
A)realize that the authenticity of the report has been thoroughly checked by the media.
B)be wary of overly complex explanations.
C)remember that truth is often stranger than fiction.
D)consider the source of the information.
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9
Chapter 8: Brain and Behavior: Neurons and the Nervous System
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245 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) A healthy 75-year-old brain has just as many neurons as it did when it was a healthy 25-year-old brain.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Multiple sclerosis is a disease in which the immune system attacks and destroys A)the nucleus of nerve cells.
B)neurilemma.
C)the receptor sites.
D)myelin.
Q3) Communication between neurons would be considered a chemical change involving A)sodium ions.
B)neurilemmas.
C)neurotransmitters.
D)potassium ions.
Q4) The part of the neuron that specializes in receiving messages from other neurons is the axon.
A)True
B)False
Q6) The cell body of a neuron is also called the _______. Page 10
Q5) The brain and spinal cord make up the _______ nervous system.
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Chapter 9: Brain and Behavior: Brain Research
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83 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is most closely associated with surgical removal of parts of the brain?
A)clinical studies
B)ablation
C)MRI scan
D)electroencephalography
Q2) Describe and compare the two main structural imaging techniques.
Q3) Research using PET scans of human brains indicates that
A)most people use only ten percent of their brain capacity.
B)higher scoring test takers use more glucose during problem-solving.
C)all parts of the brain are active during waking hours.
D)all of these statements are true.
Q4) Which of the following is an imaging technique that results in a computer-generated image of brain activity and is based on glucose consumption in the brain?
A)computed tomographic scan (CT scan).
B)electroencephalography (EEG).
C)magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
D)positron emission tomography (PET).
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Chapter 10: Brain and Behavior: Hemispheres and Lobes of the Cortex
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192 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Paul Broca's patient "Tan" lost his ability to speak because an area had deteriorated in his brain.This area is now called Broca's area and is located in the left _______ lobe.
A)occipital
B)frontal
C)temporal
D)parietal
Q2) Successfully negotiating a maze,sculpting pottery,or painting a watercolor is a function of the
A)corpus callosum.
B)left hemisphere.
C)right hemisphere.
D)temporal lobe.
Q3) If you see a rose,which area of the brain will help you connect your primary sensory impressions with memories,so that you can recognize the rose and name it?
A)association area
B)aphasic cortex
C)somatosensory cortex
D)reticular activating system
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Chapter 11: Brain and Behavior: Sub-Cortex and Endocrine System
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167 Verified Questions
167 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) After a car accident,which causes brain damage,Santos is experiencing a great deal of difficulty storing new memories about events in his life and verbal information.Santos most likely had damage to a subcortical part of the forebrain known as the _______.
Q2) Regarding the reticular formation,which of the following statements is FALSE?
A)Destruction of the reticular formation causes constant wakefulness.
B)The reticular formation lies inside the brainstem and medulla.
C)The reticular formation is important in the control of attention and arousal.
D)The reticular formation acts as a clearinghouse for incoming information,giving some messages priority while turning others aside.
Q3) The side effects of anabolic steroids include
A)a woman's voice having a higher pitch.
B)a woman's hair becoming thicker,longer,and curlier.
C)increased testicle size in men.
D)breast enlargement in men.
Q4) The three main areas of the subcortex are the
A)brainstem,cerebellum,and corpus callosum.
B)forebrain,brainstem,and the upper parts of the hindbrain.
C)brainstem,midbrain,and cerebral cortex.
D)brainstem,midbrain,and the lower parts of the forebrain.
Page 14
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Chapter 12: Psychology in Action: Handedness
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65 Verified Questions
65 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Lefthanded people,or "lefties," have often been characterized as
A)clumsy and unlucky.
B)skillful and just.
C)caring and sincere.
D)emotionally stable and friendly.
Q2) Throughout history,a notable number of artists have been lefties.This advantage of using the left hand for drawing or painting occurs because the right hemisphere is superior in
A)focusing on details.
B)imagery and visual abilities.
C)sequential processing.
D)all of these skills.
Q3) Which of the following is most likely to indicate hemispheric dominance?
A)writing with a hooked hand
B)eye movement
C)handedness
D)where the hair parts most naturally
Q4) Clear hand preferences have been shown in fetal ultrasound images.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Human Development: Heredity and Environment
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206 Verified Questions
206 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Because of work pressures,Marian experienced a great deal of stress during her pregnancy.Due to this stress, Marian's baby
A)may be a smaller,weaker baby at birth.
B)may develop severe learning disabilities.
C)will have a higher risk of autism.
D)will not have a higher risk of any physical or mental problems.
Q2) Which of the following is an adaptive infant reflex that is elicited by pressing an object into the neonate's palm and aids the neonate's survival by helping him or her to avoid falling?
A)Moro reflex
B)rooting reflex
C)Babinski reflex
D)grasping reflex
Q3) Poverty has been shown to affect
A)a child's health with poor children being sick more often.
B)a child's socioemotional development.
C)a child's cognitive development.
D)all of these.
Q4) Within the nucleus of each sperm or each ovum,there are _______ chromosomes.
Page 16
Q5) Substances capable of causing birth defects are known as _______.
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Chapter 14: Human Development: Emotional and Social Development in Childhood
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170 Verified Questions
170 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to research by Bridges,all basic human emotions appear before the age of
A)one month.
B)six months.
C)one year.
D)two years.
Q2) The fact that Maria,who is 10 months old,smiles when her daddy enters the room
A)is purely haphazard.
B)is a reaction Maria exhibits when people are nearby that invites their attention.
C)shows that Maria favors her father over her mother.
D)indicates that Maria will have an easy temperament as a child.
Q3) Children are more likely to develop low self-esteem if parents use
A)authoritative parenting.
B)management techniques.
C)physical punishment and withdrawal of love techniques.
D)I-messages and reasoning.
Q4) Zach likes to "lay down the law" and takes no arguments from his children.According to the research on parenting styles by Diana Baumrind,Zach is exhibiting the pattern of parenting known as _______ parenting.
Page 17
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Chapter 15: Human Development: Language and Cognitive Development in Childhood
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232 Verified Questions
232 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Infants have a remarkable capacity for rapid learning,which is referred to as _______ intelligence.
Q2) When children learn the alphabet and how to count to 20,they are exhibiting _______ intelligence.
A)practical
B)fluid
C)crystallized
D)experiential
Q3) Explain how parents and teachers can utilize Vygotisky's ideas to help children become more skillful learners.
Q4) Children who are between seven and 11 years of age are in which cognitive stage?
A)preoperational
B)post-operational
C)concrete operational
D)formal operational
Q5) Becoming fluent in a foreign language requires _______ intelligence.
A)practical
B)fluid
C)performance
D)divergent
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Chapter 16: Human Development: Adolescence and
Adulthood
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248 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Regarding the psychosocial dilemma of intimacy versus isolation,which of the following statements is FALSE?
A)The psychosocial dilemma of intimacy versus isolation occurs during the period known as young adulthood.
B)Marriage or sexual involvement is one guarantee that intimacy will prevail.
C)Failure to establish intimacy with others leads to a deep sense of isolation.
D)Failure to establish intimacy often sets the stage for later difficulties.
Q2) Studies suggest that the healthiest,happiest older people
A)show more gratitude and forgiveness.
B)decrease their activity to a slower pace.
C)decrease the number of social activities.
D)show less empathy for others and more concern for self.
Q3) When presented with "The Porcupine and the Moles" story,the boys in Gilligan's study tended to use an ethic of
A)justice.
B)caring.
C)common sense.
D)divergency.
Q4) Discrimination or prejudice on the basis of age is called _____.
Page 19
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Chapter 17: Psychology in Action: Well-Being and Happiness
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Sample Questions
Q1) Regarding happiness and subjective well-being,which of the following statements is FALSE?
A)People tend to be happy if they are making progress,on a day-to-day basis,on smaller goals that relate to long-term,life goals.
B)Attaining goals that do not express our deeper interests and values may add little to happiness.
C)Knowing the specific circumstances that have occurred or are occurring in a person's life are good predictors of a person's overall happiness.
D)Purpose and meaning are important sources of well-being especially at midlife,but appear to be important at any point in one's life.
Q2) According to psychologist Diener and his associates,subjective well-being occurs when people are generally satisfied with their lives and
A)have a great deal of financial wealth.
B)are relatively famous or recognized for their accomplishments.
C)have had few health issues throughout their lives.
D)have frequent positive emotions and few negative emotions.
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Page 20
Chapter 18: Sensation and Perception: Sensory Processes
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112 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) In order to take your psychology quiz,you must read and process the information.The ability to organize the black marks on the paper into meaningful patterns involves the process of A)perception.
B)sensation.
C)sensory adaptation.
D)sensory accommodation.
Q2) When you first get into the swimming pool,the water feels rather cool,but after swimming for a while,the water feels fine.A friend asks you how the water is,and you tell her the "water's great." She jumps in and then accuses you of lying because the water is freezing.You really were not lying.It is just that you experienced A)sensory gating.
B)sensory adaptation.
C)sensory conflict.
D)selective attention.
Q3) Using a cell phone while driving may result in your failure to perceive a car pulling out of a driveway that is in plain view but not the focus of your attention,a situation referred to as _____.
Q4) Light sensations caused by pressure applied to the eye are referred to as _____.
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Chapter 19: Sensation and Perception: Vision
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Sample Questions
Q1) Black and white vision with the greatest sensitivity under lower levels of illumination describes the function of the A)cones.
B)rods.
C)phosphenes.
D)visual pigments.
Q2) The function of the lens is to
A)locate an image.
B)focus an image on the retina.
C)combine the location and projection on the blind spot.
D)project an image on the cornea.
Q3) An air-traffic controller is trying to spot the lights of an airplane on the horizon at night.He should look
A)directly where he thinks it is.
B)with one eye only.
C)next to where he thinks it is.
D)at a bright light to preadapt his eyes.
Q4) The "hole" in the retina where the optic nerve leaves the eye forms an area known as the _____.
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Chapter 20: Sensation and Perception: The Other Senses
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Sample Questions
Q1) Regarding olfaction,which of the following statements is FALSE?
A)The brain uses the patterns of messages it gets from the olfactory receptors to recognize specific scents.
B)Scents are,in part,identified by the location of the receptors in the nose that are activated by a particular odor.
C)The number of activated receptors tells the brain how strong an odor is.
D)In humans,there are five different types of olfactory receptors.
Q2) Which of the following is considered one of the skin senses?
A)vestibular
B)pressure
C)balance
D)gravity
Q3) The pitch of a sound corresponds to which aspect of the sound wave?
A)amplitude
B)frequency
C)rarefaction
D)compression
Q4) The pitch or tone of a sound is due to the number of waves per second,which is called the _______ of the sound waves.
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Chapter 21: Sensation and Perception: Perceptual
Processes
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Sample Questions
Q1) Closure,nearness,similarity,and continuation are categories of
A)Gestalt organizing principles.
B)Piagetian cognitive styles.
C)Humanistic subjective perceptions.
D)perceptual integration.
Q2) Convergence and retinal disparity are similar in that both are monocular cues.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Depth cues that require two eyes are known as _______ depth cues.
A)bilateral
B)binocular
C)dizygotic
D)divergent
Q4) If you stand in the middle of a cobblestone street,the street will look coarse near your feet and finer if you look into the distance.This is the pictorial depth cue known as _______.
Q5) An initial guess regarding how to organize and perceive a stimulus pattern is known as a(n) _______.
Q6) The tendency to fill in gaps in the perception of a figure is the Gestalt organizing principle of _______. Page 24
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Chapter 22: Sensation and Perception: Perception and Objectivity
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following refers to changes in the brain that alter how we process sensory information so that we can focus on just one part of a group of stimuli rather than processing all of the stimuli?
A)sensory adaptation
B)sensory habituation
C)perceptual learning
D)perceptual accommodation
Q2) In order to become a better eyewitness to life,one should try to do some activities each day in new ways in order to get away from habitual, _______ processing.
A)top-down
B)bottom-up
C)lateralized
D)divergent
Q3) The MüllerLyer illusion is
A)based upon experience with the edges and corners of rooms and buildings.
B)based solely on figure-ground relationships.
C)experienced similarly in all cultures.
D)only present with arrows and lines less that one foot in length.
Q4) Describe five ways that one's perceptual accuracy can be enhanced.
Page 26
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Chapter 23: Psychology in Action: Extrasensory Perception
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Sample Questions
Q1) You are watching as a participant attempts to control the roll of the dice with his mind.This purported ability involving "mind over matter" is called _______.
Q2) Many everyday "ESP occurrences" are apparently a result of A)practice.
B)coincidence.
C)misrepresentation.
D)unconscious psychological processes.
Q3) The purported ability to perceive events or gain information in ways that appear unaffected by distance or normal physical barriers is called A)clairvoyance.
B)psychokinesis.
C)telepathy.
D)precognition.
Q4) None of the"for profit" television and telephone psychic enterprises have ever been convicted of felony fraud. A)True
B)False
Q5) The purported ability to predict future events is called _______.
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Chapter 24: Consciousness: States of Consciousness
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Sample Questions
Q1) The low levels of awareness associated with strokes and other forms of brain damage are examples of
A)preconsciousness.
B)altered states of consciousness.
C)sensory gating.
D)simulated states of consciousness.
Q2) Stage hypnotists use tricks and deception rather than the actual induction of hypnosis.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Regarding consciousness and altered states of consciousness (ASCs),which of the following statements is FALSE?
A)An unconscious person will die without constant care.
B)Recently,scientists have been able to explain specifically how consciousness occurs.
C)Most people do know when they have experienced an altered state of consciousness.
D)During ASCs,there are distinct shifts in memories,time sense,feelings of self-control,and suggestibility.
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28
Chapter 25: Consciousness: Sleep and Dreams
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Sample Questions
Q1) A lonely person may dream of romance,and a hungry child may dream of food.According to the neurocognitive theory,these dreams
A)reflect ordinary waking concerns.
B)should be probed for deeper symbolic meanings.
C)are the synthesis of random neural firings.
D)are prophetic expressions of the future.
Q2) Which of the following occurs during REM sleep?
A)irregular heart rate and blood pressure
B)delta waves
C)increased voluntary muscle movement
D)sleepwalking
Q3) The hidden,symbolic meaning is called the _______ content.
A)manifest
B)latent
C)lucid
D)actualized
Q4) Aaron is trying to go to sleep,so he keeps his eyes wide open (in the dark)and stays awake as long as possible.This will allow sleep to overtake him unexpectedly and lowers his performance anxiety through a technique known as the __________.
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Chapter 26: Consciousness: Psychoactive Drugs
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Sample Questions
Q1) Addictive drugs do all of the following EXCEPT
A)cause the neurotransmitter acetylcholine to be released,resulting in intensified feelings of fear and paranoia.
B)fool brain-reward pathways creating a compulsion to repeat the drug experience.
C)stimulate a brain region called the nucleus accumbens.
D)physically change the brain's reward circuitry,making it harder for the addict to overcome his or her addiction.
Q2) Which type of drug is generally a mild stimulant but with its main effect being to alter sensory impressions?
A)sedative
B)narcotic
C)hallucinogen
D)tranquilizer
Q3) A friend of yours wants to quit smoking and has decided to "go cold turkey." After reading this module,explain to your friend why "going cold turkey" may not be the best solution,and describe three different ways he or she might taper off smoking as well as ways to deal with the nicotine craving during withdrawal and the positive experiences surrounding the ritual of smoking.
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Chapter 27: Psychology in Action: Exploring and Using Dreams
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Sample Questions
Q1) Jared has awakened spontaneously from a dream.He takes a few minutes to try to memorize the dream.Next,he engages in 10 to 15 minutes of reading that requires his full wakefulness.Then,while lying in bed and returning to sleep,he says to himself,"Next time I'm dreaming,I want to remember I'm dreaming." Finally,he visualizes himself lying in bed asleep while in the dream he just rehearsed.At the same time,he pictures himself realizing that he is dreaming.Jared is trying to learn how to use
A)the paradoxical intention.
B)secondary elaboration.
C)lucid dreaming.
D)the basic suggestion effect.
Q2) To modify their own nightmares,nightmare sufferers can use
A)secondary displacement.
B)imagery rehearsal.
C)dream condensation.
D)dream sublimation.
Q3) Inhibitions tend to increase during REM sleep,which makes dreaming less useful for problem solving.
A)True
B)False
Page 31
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Chapter 28: Conditioning and Learning: Types of Learning
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199 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) In Bandura's classic Bo-Bo doll experiment,most of the children imitated
A)the live adult model,but not the filmed model.
B)the cartoon model,but not the live adult model.
C)the cartoon model and filmed model,but not the live adult model.
D)all of the models,whether live,filmed,or cartoon.
Q2) Which of the following is a real world example of using punishment (response cost)to change people's behaviors so that they will increase their conservation efforts?
A)providing information regarding the number of gallons of water consumed that week
B)not providing cash back for recycling
C)placing an energy tax on gasoline
D)none of these
Q3) Professional football players watch hours of videos of their game performance analyzed by their coaches.This is an example of the use of which of the following to improve performance?
A)informational feedback
B)mental imagery
C)reward progression
D)vicarious punishment
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Chapter 29: Conditioning and Learning: Classical Conditioning
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Sample Questions
Q1) Three-year-old Josh has been classically conditioned to salivate to a bell.We now clap our hands and then ring the bell.Little Josh will soon learn to salivate when we clap our hands because of A)the law of effect.
B)shaping.
C)higher-order conditioning.
D)instrumental conditioning.
Q2) In 1920,which psychologist classically conditioned a young child named Little Albert to fear rats?
A)Ivan Pavlov
B)Albert Bandura
C)B.F.Skinner
D)John B.Watson
Q3) Emotional conditioning applies to animals,such as dogs and cats,as well as to humans.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Explain how the classical conditioning of an eye blink came to be used as a diagnostic tool.
33
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Chapter 30: Conditioning and Learning: Operant
Conditioning
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Sample Questions
Q1) You are a very good skater,but you did not start out that way.Your mother reinforced you for each small improvement you made over several months.This process is known as
A)shaping.
B)latent learning.
C)vicarious classical conditioning.
D)intermittent conditioning.
Q2) Concerning the behavioral effects of various consequences,a response that is not followed by a reward will occur less frequently.This defines A)nonreinforcement.
B)positive punishment.
C)negative reinforcement.
D)respondent conditioning.
Q3) A team coach who scolds and benches a player for poor performance is using A)aversive conditioning.
B)modeling.
C)negative reinforcement.
D)punishment.
Q4) Define discriminative stimuli,and provide two real-life examples of its use.
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Chapter 31: Conditioning and Learning: Reinforcement and Punishment
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Sample Questions
Q1) When people engage in various forms of gambling,they can play these "games of chance" uninterrupted for long periods of time because they are being reinforced on which type of reinforcement schedule?
A)partial
B)continuous
C)fixed interval
D)fixed ratio
Q2) Plans for determining which responses will be reinforced are known as
A)schedules of reinforcement.
B)successive approximations.
C)token economies.
D)programmed instruction.
Q3) Punishment is most effective in suppressing behavior when it is A)immediate.
B)consistent.
C)severe.
D)all of these.
Q4) Explain the difference between primary and secondary reinforcers,including how secondary reinforcers develop,and give two examples of each type of reinforcer.
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Chapter 32: Psychology in Action: Behavioral
Self-Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) In behavioral self-management,the activity you want to change is called the A)goal gradient.
B)baseline.
C)primary reinforcer.
D)target behavior.
Q2) A strategy for breaking bad habits that involves trying to get the same reinforcement using a new response is known as the strategy of cues and antecedents.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In setting realistic goals for gradual improvement on each successive week during behavioral self-management,it is important to remember the principle of A)extinction.
B)response cost.
C)shaping.
D)stimulus generalization.
Q4) Choosing a target behavior,recording a baseline,establishing goals,choosing reinforcers,recording progress, rewarding progress,and adjusting one's plan are the steps making up a procedure known as _______.
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Chapter 33: Memory: Memory Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) In which memory system will information be quickly "dumped" unless the process of maintenance rehearsal takes place?
A)sensory memory
B)short-term memory
C)semantic memory
D)procedural memory
Q2) You remember sitting in a circle on the big reading rug in kindergarten while your teacher Mrs.Boyer read The Cat in the Hat to the class.This illustrates _______ memory.
A)skill
B)episodic
C)eidetic
D)semantic
Q3) To remember the definitions of the psychology terms he will have on his first exam,Noah repeats them over and over to himself for an hour,which illustrates the use of elaborative processing.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Iconic and echoic memories are part of the stage of memory known as _______ memory.
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Chapter 34: Memory: Forgetting
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Sample Questions
Q1) Patterns of blood flow within the brain show that the front of the brain cortex is related more to _______ memories.
A)episodic
B)semantic
C)procedural
D)skill
Q2) The graph that shows the amount of memorized information remembered after varying lengths of time is called the
A)scatter plot of memory loss.
B)histogram of retention.
C)memory interference scatter plot.
D)curve of forgetting.
Q3) New memories either alter existing memory traces or make it harder to "locate" earlier memories,according to which explanation of forgetting?
A)interference
B)memory decay
C)eidetic imaging
D)encoding failure
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38
Chapter 35: Memory: Exceptional Memory and Improving Memory
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Sample Questions
Q1) To learn college-level information,you must mentally reflect and look for connections between the information you are learning and your existing knowledge,a strategy known as
A)proactive encoding.
B)elaborative processing.
C)eidetic imagery.
D)rote rehearsal.
Q2) If you boil down the paragraphs in most textbooks to one or two important terms or ideas,your memory chores have been made more manageable through A)selection.
B)rote learning.
C)elaborative processing.
D)serial positioning.
Q3) Exceptional memorizers were found to have superior intellectual abilities and brains that had a slightly different brain structure than average.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Explain the differences in mental images and eidetic imagery.
Page 39
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Chapter 36: Psychology in Action: Mnemonics
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Sample Questions
Q1) If you are attempting to learn a list of terms with no meaningful relationship among these terms,you should remember that mnemonic techniques
A)will be ineffective in learning these terms.
B)will be superior to rote learning.
C)tend to improve implict memories rather than explicit memories.
D)tend to improve procedural memories rather than semantic memories.
Q2) Ancient Greek orators had an interesting way to remember ideas in order when giving a speech,which is referred to as taking a(n)__________.
Q3) Ancient Greek orators had an interesting way to remember ideas in order when giving a speech,which involved
A)the use of acrostics.
B)forming a chain of outrageous or bizarre association.
C)taking a mental walk.
D)the use of the serial position effect.
Q4) Which of the following is a mnemonic technique?
A)Making a rhyme out of the last letter of all items in a list to be recalled.
B)Using maintenance rehearsal to keep information in long-term memory.
C)Making bizarre and unusual associations.
D)Using the tip-of-the-tongue effect.
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Chapter 37: Cognition and Intelligence: Imagery, Concepts, and Language
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Sample Questions
Q1) The linguistic relativity hypothesis states that
A)the words we use not only reflect our thoughts but can shape them as well.
B)a simple declarative sentence may be changed to other voices or forms,such as past tense,passive voice,and so forth.
C)there is a tendency during group problem solving for one person's ideas to trigger ideas from others.
D)people have a tendency to select wrong answers because they seem to match preexisting mental categories.
Q2) When non-English speaking minority children are placed in an English-only classroom,subtractive bilingualism can occur,which means
A)they gain proficiency in their native language.
B)they are at risk for being less than fully competent in both languages.
C)they ignore one language or the other.
D)learning a third language is made easier.
Q3) Which of the following is NOT a basic unit of thought?
A)concepts
B)images
C)languages
D)engrams
Page 41
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Chapter 38: Cognition and Intelligence: Problem Solving
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Sample Questions
Q1) Functional solutions
A)are rule-based.
B)are general.
C)are workable.
D)involve trial and error.
Q2) Expert chess players can automatically recognize 50,000 to 100,000 patterns,a level of skill that takes about how long to build up?
A)one year
B)two years
C)five years
D)10 years
Q3) Solutions to problems that are based on understanding are characterized by
A)rapid solution after an unsuccessful attempt.
B)the discovery of a general approach and then the testing of specific solutions.
C)habitual modes of thought applied to new situations.
D)proceeding according to a known set of rules.
Q4) When a problem is solved by rote,thinking is guided by a learned set of rules that always leads to a correct solution,with this learned set of rules being known as a(n)
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Chapter 39: Cognition and Intelligence: Creative Thinking and Intuition
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Sample Questions
Q1) Jeremy has chosen post-traumatic stress disorder as his term paper topic.He has gathered all his research material and begun the writing process.However,he is having difficulty writing one section.So,he decides to "sleep on it" and make a fresh start in the morning.By setting aside this writing difficulty,Jeremy is allowing problem-solving to proceed on a subconscious level.This stage of creative thinking is known as A)incubation.
B)illumination.
C)preparation.
D)verification.
Q2) Usually,the narrowest way of framing or stating a problem produces the best decisions.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The preparation stage of creative thought is the stage at which A)testing and critical evaluation of the solution occurs.
B)rapid insight occurs.
C)creative thinkers saturate themselves with as much information as possible. D)the problem is defined and the important dimensions identified.
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Chapter 40: Cognition and Intelligence: Intelligence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Average intelligence is usually defined as any score from
A)90 to 109.
B)120 to 129.
C)70 to 89.
D)110 to 119.
Q2) Miriam would be described as an excellent problem-solver,who acts purposely and adapts well to changes in her surroundings.According to this module,Miriam is
A)exhibiting the fluency aspect of creative thinking.
B)exhibiting the ability to use heuristics in thinking.
C)intelligent.
D)intuitive.
Q3) A familial intellectual disability occurs due to A)impoverished environments.
B)a lack of oxygen at birth.
C)metabolic disorders.
D)genetic abnormalities.
Q4) A bell-shaped curve characterized by a large number of scores in the middle area,tapering to very few extremely high or low scores is referred to as a(n) _______ curve.
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Chapter 41: Psychology in Action: Enhancing Creativity
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Sample Questions
Q1) In order to find new ways to open a can,a group leader asks his team of inventors to think of "opening," in general, rather than asking them to come up with a better way to open a can.In doing so,this group leader will
A)encourage creativity since he broadly defined the problem.
B)discourage creativity because he defined the problem too broadly.
C)encourage the use of mental sets,thus,encouraging creativity.
D)prevent incubation of the problem,thus,discouraging creativity.
Q2) Randomly looking up words in a dictionary is a way to seek varied input and enhance creativity,according to creativity researcher __________.
Q3) You are asked the following tricky question,"If there are 12 onecent candies in a dozen,how many twocent candies are there in a dozen?" To answer this question correctly,you must
A)utilize a mental set.
B)define the problem narrowly.
C)actively challenge your assumptions.
D)look for analogies within the problem.
Q4) The tendency to perceive a problem in a way that blinds us to possible solutions is called a mental _______.
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Chapter 42: Motivation and Emotion: Overview of Motives and Emotions
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Sample Questions
Q1) At the very top of the hierarchy of needs pyramid is A)love and belonging.
B)esteem and self-esteem.
C)self-actualization.
D)safety and security.
Q2) Maslow called the less powerful,but humanly important actualization motives, A)prepotent needs.
B)meta-needs.
C)supportive needs.
D)autonomy needs.
Q3) Throughout the day,activities in the liver,kidneys,and endocrine glands undergo large changes.Body temperature,blood pressure,and amino acid levels also shift from hour to hour.In fact,people tend to be more energetic and alert when these and other activities are at their highest point once a day.This is a description of A)the Yerkes-Dodson law.
B)sensation-seeking patterns.
C)circadian rhythms.
D)biological condensation.
Q4) The "target" of one's motivated behavior is known as a(n) _______.
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Chapter 43: Motivation and Emotion: Motivation in Detail
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Sample Questions
Q1) When Karen is feeling "down," she tends to binge on large amounts of junk food.Then,she either vomits or uses laxatives to rid herself of this food.Her family is unaware that Karen has an eating disorder because her weight is normal for her age.From these observations,it appears that Karen is suffering from
A)anorexia nervosa.
B)bulimia nervosa.
C)a taste aversion.
D)the behavioral dieting syndrome.
Q2) College students high in the need for achievement
A)will not attempt any task again on which they have already failed.
B)attribute their success to chance factors.
C)attribute their failure to insufficient effort.
D)are more likely to attempt easy tasks and not complete difficult ones.
Q3) Weight reduction based on permanently changing exercise and eating habits,rather than temporary self-starvation is called
A)metabolism motivational dieting.
B)behavioral dieting.
C)"Yoyo dieting."
D)aversive conditioning.
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Chapter 44: Motivation and Emotion: Emotion in Detail
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Sample Questions
Q1) Chi is from an Asian culture.We can expect him to be less likely to express which emotion when compared to a person in North America?
A)anger
B)happiness
C)curiosity
D)fear
Q2) Which of the following is the mental process of assigning causes to events,such as one assigning bodily arousal to a particular source?
A)attribution
B)negation
C)feedback
D)homeostasis
Q3) The theory that explains that posed facial expressions can alter emotion,such as frowning making one feel sad and smiling making one feel happy,is known as the _______ hypothesis.
Q4) Describe the role of the amygdala in emotion,and explain how a person can experience two opposite emotions simultaneously.
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Chapter 45: Psychology in Action: Emotional Intelligence
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Sample Questions
Q1) When good fortune comes their way,emotionally intelligent people
A)enjoy their good fortune without announcing it to others.
B)share their news with others.
C)know the good fortune is fleeting and prepare themselves for a reversal of fortune.
D)enjoy their good fortune and assume that this is a stable situation.
Q2) The Greek philosopher Aristotle stated that a person should "be angry with the right person,to the right degree,at the right time,for the right purpose,and in the right way," which psychologists Salovey and Mayer would describe as
Q3) People who have the ability to amplify or restrain their emotions,depending on the situation,are
A)intuitive.
B)rational-emotive.
C)emotionally intelligent.
D)divergent thinkers.
Q4) Using strengths that we already possess,such as kindness,originality,humor,optimism,and generosity,can help us to cultivate _______.
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Page 49
Chapter 46: Human Sexuality: Sexual Development and Orientation
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Sample Questions
Q1) When the stresses of stigma and discrimination are factored out,homosexual persons are still significantly more likely to have emotional problems than heterosexual people are.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Regarding gay and lesbian persons,which of the following statements is TRUE?
A)Gays and lesbians molest children more than heterosexuals.
B)Gay and lesbian parents influence their own children to become gay.
C)Gays and lesbians are able to contribute to society and do maintain long-term,monogamous relationships.
D)Gays and lesbians try to convert others to homosexuality and also tend to hate members of the opposite sex.
Q3) An intersexual person has
A)no androgens present.
B)no internal sexual organs.
C)no external reproductive organs.
D)ambiguous sexual anatomy.
Q4) One's degree of emotional and erotic attraction to members of the same sex,opposite sex,both sexes,or neither sex is referred to as one's __________.
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Chapter 47: Human Sexuality: Gender Development,
Androgyny, and Gender Variance
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following would be considered a "masculine" trait on the Bem Sex Role Inventory?
A)gullible
B)easily flattered
C)understanding
D)individualistic
Q2) Explain when sex reassignment surgery may be undertaken,and discuss the pros and cons of doing so.
Q3) Regarding sex reassignment,which of the following statements is FALSE?
A)Sex reassignment surgery is used to treat some cases of transsexuality and intersexuality.
B)Sex reassignment surgery reconfigures the external appearance of the genitals,while hormone treatments shift the chemical balance in the body.
C)Adults who deliberately seek sex reassignment surgery are generally unhappy with the results.
D)Sex reassignment surgery is becoming more common with children with supporters of early sex assignment arguing that the benefits usually outweigh the long-term psychological costs.
Q4) Your personal,private sense of maleness or femaleness is your _______.
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Chapter 48: Human Sexuality: Sexual Behavior, Response, and Attitudes
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366 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Pedophilic disorder involves sexual arousal
A)associated with other people's feet.
B)derived from receiving pain as part of the sex act.
C)associated with inanimate objects.
D)by having sex with children.
Q2) According to recent research studies,oversexualizing of young girls has resulted in these girls developing low self- esteem,eating disorders,depression,and feelings of shame as well as showing poor performance on intellectual activities.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Sadists and masochists who voluntarily associate with people who share their sexual interests would
A)be diagnosed with sexual dysfunctions.
B)be diagnosed with paraphilic disorders.
C)not be violating any local laws or public standards.
D)not automatically be diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder.
Q4) Large doses of alcohol suppress orgasms in women and erections in men.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 49: Psychology in Action: Sexual Problems
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Sample Questions
Q1) The sensate focus technique is primarily concerned with
A)bringing an end to premature ejaculation for the male partner.
B)providing adequate information about proper sexual practices.
C)teaching individuals to attend to natural sensations of pleasure.
D)confronting anxiety,anger,and fear caused by one's partner.
Q2) Regarding intimacy and communication,which of the following statements is FALSE?
A)Intimacy is easier to achieve when partners communicate openly with each other.
B)Always being pleasant and avoiding discussion of difficult topics are ways that couples avoid intimacy.
C)When partners argue,this places them at higher risk for a loss of intimacy.
D)Making compromises and making time for your partner are techniques that encourage intimacy.
Q3) Three patterns that are almost always related to serious long-term problems in relationships include all of the following EXCEPT for A)being open about one's feelings.
B)being defensive.
C)being stubborn.
D)refusing to talk (the "big freeze").
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Chapter 50: Personality: Overview of Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) A psychologist who wants to use the most objective measure and avoid the halo effect in assessing personality should use
A)structured interviews.
B)unstructured interviews.
C)personality questionnaires.
D)direct observation.
Q2) In humanistic theories,the developmental emphasis involves
A)psychosexual and psychosocial stages.
B)the development of the self-image.
C)critical learning situations.
D)identification and imitation.
Q3) If a person taking the MMPI-2 displays a pattern of responses that indicates the presence of obsessive worries,irrational fears,and compulsive actions,the person would have a high score on which clinical subscale?
A)hypochondrias
B)schizophrenia
C)psychasthenia
D)hysteria
Q4) A person's unique and enduring behavior patterns define his or her _______.
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Chapter 51: Personality: Trait Theories
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Sample Questions
Q1) Gayle would be described as cheerful,conventional,extroverted,reliable,helpful,and conservative and tends to enjoy upbeat conventional music,such as country and rock-n-roll.According to Rentfrow,Gayle would fit into which music-personality category?
A)mellow
B)contemporary
C)unpretentious
D)sophisticated
Q2) With respect to Gordon Allport's theory,which type of trait does NOT belong with the other three?
A)source
B)cardinal
C)central
D)secondary
Q3) Describe your personality using the five dimensions of the Big Five Personality Model.
Q4) According to Gordon Allport,personality traits that are shared by most members of a particular culture are called __________ traits.
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Chapter 52: Personality: Psychoanalytic and Humanistic
Theories
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Seligman and Peterson,the human strength of "justice" is expressed by the positive traits of
A)love,kindness,and social intelligence.
B)persistence,integrity,and vitality.
C)fairness,leadership,and citizenship.
D)forgiveness,humility,prudence,and self-control.
Q2) Greg is in a drug rehabilitation program and is looking forward to the day he will be "drug free" and can reconcile with his family.According to Rogers,Greg's view of himself as "drug free" and trusted by his family would be referred to as his
A)self-actualized state.
B)ideal self.
C)conditions of worth.
D)postulated self-image.
Q3) Humanistic theories differ from psychodynamic theories because humanistic theories
A)emphasize conscious thoughts,needs,and emotions.
B)consider the self-image a central determinant of behavior.
C)pay attention to the fuller use of human potentials.
D)do all of these.
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Chapter 53: Personality: Behavioral and Social Learning
Theories
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Sample Questions
Q1) Learning principles,modeling,thought patterns,perceptions,expectations,beliefs,goals,emotions,and social relationships are combined in which theory of personality?
A)social learning theory
B)Neo-Freudian theory
C)behavioral humanist theory
D)psychodynamic theory
Q2) Describe Dollard and Miller's concept of habits and the four elements of learning that govern these habits.
Q3) Gina and Tina are identical twins who were separated at birth and grew up in different families.Which of the following aspects of their lives is more likely to be due to genetic similarities?
A)Both sing alto and are accomplished musicians.
B)Both married men who were named Tim.
C)Both drive red Mustang convertibles.
D)Both use the same shampoo and toothpaste.
Q4) In the Minnesota study on reunited twins,many of the twins had similarities in political beliefs,job histories,hobbies,and favorite foods.Explain whether heredity or environment account for these similarities.
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Chapter 54: Psychology in Action: Understanding Shyness
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following refers to a tendency to avoid others,as well as feelings of anxiety,preoccupation,and social inhibition?
A)hysteria
B)neurosis
C)shyness
D)mania
Q2) Every time Josie is in a group of people without her family,she has an intense feeling of apprehension.Josie is exhibiting
A)generalized anxiety.
B)social anxiety.
C)a manic episode.
D)hysteria.
Q3) Shyness is often triggered by all of the following EXCEPT
A)informal settings.
B)being the focus of attention.
C)being noticeably different from others.
D)meeting someone of higher status.
Q4) Describe three ways that a person can reduce his or her shyness.
Q5) Uneasiness and strain when socializing is known as social _______.
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Chapter 55: Health, Stress, and Coping: Health Psychology
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164 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Megan is often so depressed that she eats and sleeps poorly,rarely exercises,and has been smoking more. According to health psychologists,Megan is exhibiting a
A)disease-prone personality.
B)Type B personality.
C)behavioral risk personality.
D)stress-prone personality.
Q2) What percent of peole were more likely to become obese if they had a friend who became overweight first?
A)27 percent
B)57 percent
C)77 percent
D)97 percent
Q3) Rachel is physically and psychologically healthy;is happy,optimistic,and self-confident;and bounces back emotionally from adversity.She would be said to be in a positive state of _______.
Q4) Describe how a person's body responds during each stage of the general adaptation syndrome.
Q5) The Canadian stress researcher who described the general adaptation syndrome (G.A.S. )was _______.
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Chapter 56: Health, Stress, and Coping: Stress, Frustration, and
Conflict
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279 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) A perceived lack of control is just as important as an actual lack of control in causing us to feel threatened.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Larry would like to take Sara on a date,but she refused his first invitation to go bowling.If Sara hates bowling,and Larry continues to ask her out to go bowling,he is exhibiting
A)reaction formation.
B)displaced response.
C)stereotyped behavior.
D)variability.
Q3) After coming to the U.S. ,Ling-Chen learned English quickly and totally immersed herself in the American life.She prefers to be with her new American friends and is annoyed by her parents' continued ties to their native culture. LingChen's pattern of acculturation would be classified as A)integration.
B)separation.
C)assimilation.
D)marginalization.
Page 60
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Chapter 57: Health, Stress, and Coping: Defenses, Helplessness, and Depression
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following students is LEAST likely to become depressed?
A)A student who strongly links everyday events to long-term goals.
B)A student who views positive events as temporary and fragile.
C)A student who is self-critical and self-blaming when they turn in poor work.
D)A student who makes a daily schedule and tries to fill up every hour with something to do.
Q2) Apprehension,dread,or uneasiness,similar to fear but based on an unclear threat,is called
A)pressure.
B)stress.
C)anxiety.
D)denial.
Q3) Regarding defense mechanisms,which of the following statements is FALSE?
A)Defense mechanisms keep us from being overwhelmed by immediate threats.
B)Defense mechanisms can provide time for a person to learn to cope in a more effective and problem- focused manner.
C)The use of defense mechanisms consumes a great deal of emotional energy,as people try to maintain an unrealistic self-image.
D)The overuse of defense mechanisms causes people to become more adaptable.
Page 61
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Chapter 58: Health, Stress, and Coping: Stress and Health
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Q1) A hardy personality has traits typical of the Type A personality but is resistant to stress.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The qualities found in people with a hardy personality include
A)a sense that things in life are determined by external forces.
B)a lack of control over their lives and work.
C)a tendency to see life as a series of challenges.
D)a tendency to avoid extra responsibilities.
Q3) Explain the benefits of positive emotions and the advantages of being an optimist in life.
Q4) Which of the following tend to be hardy individuals,who see setbacks as challenges,are strengthened by losses,and find humor in disappointments?
A)naïve people
B)immature people
C)happy people
D)arrogant people
Q5) Any personality type that is a low-cardiac-risk personality is referred to as a Type _______ personality.
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Chapter 59: Psychology in Action: Stress Management
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Q1) Karen is learning strategies to reduce her stress and improve her coping skills.Karen is attending a _______ class.
A)psychodynamics
B)behavior medicine
C)refusal skills training
D)stress management
Q2) When you are feeling stressed,remember if you spend time loafing,browsing,or napping,you will just get further behind and become more stressed.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Learning to fight fear and anxiety with an internal monologue of positive coping statements is called
A)stress inoculation.
B)progressive relaxation.
C)guided imagery.
D)K.I.S.S.
Q4) List four of the bodily effects that are triggered by stress;and describe three techniques for reducing these effects.
Q5) Stress triggers bodily effects,upsetting thoughts,and ineffective _______.
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Chapter 60: Psychological Disorders: Normality and Psychopathology
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Q1) Which of the following behaviors is considered abnormal by almost all cultures?
A)extreme displays of otherwise normal behavior
B)feelings of unhappiness and discomfort
C)failure to communicate and unpredictable actions
D)any behavior that does not conform to the norms of the culture
Q2) Which of the following would be a major symptom of a dissociative disorder?
A)phobias
B)amnesia
C)paranoia
D)depression
Q3) Mark spends unusual amounts of time washing his hands,while Cary is always counting his heartbeats whenever he is nervous.Their symptoms are characteristic of which category of disorders?
A)obsessive-compulsive and related disorders
B)neurocognitive disorders
C)schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders
D)dissociative disorders
Q4) In judging normality,social class is probably the most common source of bias.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 61: Psychological Disorders: Psychosis, Delusional Disorders,
and Schizophrenia
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Q1) Unlike other psychoses,such as schizophrenia,delusional disorders tend to involve
A)numerous hallucinations,particularly hearing voices.
B)a complete personality disintegration and emotional excesses.
C)disturbed communication patterns that can deteriorate into "word salads."
D)delusions that are less bizarre and are about experiences that could occur in real life.
Q2) Describe the causes and symptoms of neurocognitive disorders,and identify the most common neurocognitive disorder.
Q3) Carl believes that the CIA has implanted a transmitter inside his head that is controlling his thoughts and behaviors. Carl is experiencing
A)delusions of reference.
B)delusions of influence.
C)erotomanic delusions.
D)somatic delusions.
Q4) Children are more likely to develop schizophrenia if their mothers,during the middle of their pregnancies,were exposed to the influenza (flu)virus or to _______.
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Chapter 62: Psychological Disorders: Mood Disorders
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Q1) Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of depressive disorders?
A)disturbed eating and sleep patterns
B)fleeting episodes of mania
C)an inability to feel pleasure
D)a negative self-image and feelings of worthlessness
Q2) Which of the following is most characteristic of bipolar II disorder?
A)unexplainable body aches accompanied by feelings of worthlessness
B)listlessness that is periodically displaced by anxiety attacks
C)sadness and guilt,with at least one episode of hypomania
D)extreme mania and deep depression
Q3) Seasonal depressions are related to more of which of the following being secreted by the pineal gland during the winter?
A)dopamine
B)acetylcholine
C)melatonin
D)serotonin
Q4) When a disorder appears to be produced from within by chemical imbalances in the brain rather than as a reaction to life events,the cause of the disorder is said to be
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Chapter 63: Psychological Disorders: Anxiety-Based
Disorders and Personality Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Munchausen syndrome and Munchausen by proxy syndrome are types of dissociative disorders.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Brittany awakens on her wedding day and her legs are paralyzed.Her parents rush her to the emergency room.The hospital staff immediately notices that Brittany is strangely unconcerned by her condition.After numerous tests,the doctors have not found any physical reason for her paralysis.During the night,nurses also notice that Brittany moved her legs while she was asleep.Brittany's "paralysis" appears to be due to a(n) _______ disorder.
A)generalized anxiety
B)neurocognitive
C)conversion
D)dissociative
Q3) In the DSM-5,an adjustment disorder is classified as a(n) _______ disorder.
A)anxiety
B)somatic symptom
C)conversion
D)trauma- and stressor-related
Page 67
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Chapter 64: Psychology in Action: Suicide
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Q1) In North America,for every three people who die by homicide,how many people will kill themselves?
A)two
B)three
C)five
D)seven
Q2) For every ten potential suicides,the number of people who give warning beforehand is _______.
Q3) Regarding ethnicity,the highest suicide rate in the United States is among _______ Americans.
Q4) In North America,for every three people who die by homicide,the number who kill themselves is _______.
Q5) Regarding the leading causes of death among 15- to 24-year-olds,suicide ranks as _______.
Q6) Since emotional pain is what the suicidal person is seeking to escape,the goal of anyone hoping to prevent suicide should be to reduce the person's pain in any way possible.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 65: Therapies: Treating Psychological Distress
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Q1) Adapting traditional theories and techniques to meet the needs of clients from non-European ethnic and racial groups and treating members of racial and ethnic communities as individuals are abilities exhibited by
A)sensitivity group therapists.
B)encounter group therapists.
C)culturally skilled therapists.
D)all of these.
Q2) Productive use of conflict is the strength of existential therapy,while observable changes in behavior is the strength of Gestalt therapy.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which group of psychologists started out following the teachings of psychoanalysis,but broke away and were the initiators of the dramatic changes in psychotherapy that have taken place over the last 100 years?
A)positive psychologists
B)neo-Freudians
C)cognitive-behaviorists
D)structuralists
Q4) The first true psychotherapy was _______.
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Chapter 66: Therapies: Humanistic and Cognitive Therapies
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Freud,the unconscious message of a dream is revealed by interpreting A)transference references.
B)dream symbols.
C)resistance figures.
D)manifest meanings.
Q2) Regarding the goals of therapy,the goal of traditional psychoanalysis was to A)gain better self-knowledge,while client-centered therapy sought to help people to use their potentials fully.
B)cure the patient,while client-centered therapy sought to reduce symptoms.
C)change thinking patterns,while client-centered therapy sought to change observable behavior.
D)change observable behavior,while client-centered therapy sought to change thinking patterns.
Q3) Traditional psychoanalysis,humanistic therapies,and cognitive therapies would all be considered
A)talk-oriented approaches.
B)insight therapies.
C)action therapies.
D)nondirective approaches.
70
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Chapter 67: Therapies: Behavior Therapies
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Sample Questions
Q1) As people are waiting for their flight,the airline displays a series of photographic slides of people boarding an airplane,getting settled in their seats,enjoying the flight,and arriving comfortably at their destination.In order to ease some people's fear of flying,the airline has made casual use of
A)covert desensitization.
B)transference.
C)EMDR.
D)vicarious desensitization.
Q2) Which of the following occurs when relaxation is induced to block fear during systematic desensitization?
A)systematic adaptation
B)vicarious opposition
C)stimulus control
D)reciprocal inhibition
Q3) The most effective token economies are those that gradually switch from tokens to social rewards.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 68: Therapies: Medical Therapies
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Sample Questions
Q1) Anxiolytics have which effect?
A)produce relaxation
B)elevate mood
C)reduce hallucinations
D)eliminate delusions
Q2) Joseph is a retired carpenter and the father of one of the counselors in the mental health program.Joseph volunteers his time at the mental health center to teach crafts during the day programs.The clients find him very warm and understanding.Joseph would be considered a(n)
A)social work intern.
B)paraprofessional.
C)psychiatric orderly.
D)occupational therapist.
Q3) While psychotherapy can be used to treat many mental disorders,medical therapy,rather than psychotherapy,would be the treatment of choice for
A)dissociative disorders,such as multiple personalities.
B)generalized anxiety disorder or post-traumatic stress disorder.
C)major depressive disorder or schizophrenia.
D)somatic symptom and conversion disorders.
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Page 72
Chapter 69: Psychology in Action: Self-Management and Seeking Professional Help
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Q1) Your friend has asked to talk to you about the troubles he is having in his marriage.You soon realize that your friend's problems are beyond your ability to properly address,so your best course of action would be to
A)review the general counseling skills in your psychology textbook before you speak to him again.
B)ask some of your other friends to provide suggestions about how to help your friend.
C)go to the bookstore and buy your friend some self-help books on relationships.
D)find your friend a more qualified,licensed counselor.
Q2) The covert sensitization technique described in the text requires A)self-imposed periods of time-out.
B)one to associate disgusting or disturbing thoughts with an undesirable habit. C)one to construct a personal hierarchy of aversive situations and then vividly picture relaxing images.
D)the listing of rewards that maintain an undesirable habit and then eliminating them.
Q3) Many cities have groups organized by concerned citizens that keep listings of qualified therapists and other services and programs in the community,which are called _______ associations.
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Page 73
Chapter 70: Social Psychology: Social Behavior and Cognition
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Sample Questions
Q1) You chose your major because of all the opportunities available in the health field,while your rommate chose a degree in finance because he tends to be "greedy and moneyhungry." In attributing cause to your behavior of choosing a major and that of your roommate,you have exhibited
A)the low-ball technique.
B)social stereotyping.
C)attributional discrimination.
D)the actor-observer bias.
Q2) Which of the following is NOT a reason that some attitudes are acted on and others are not?
A)immediate consequences of our actions
B)long-standing habits
C)atypical stereotyping
D)expectations regarding how others will evaluate our actions
Q3) You have read the research on the importance of exercise,and you want to begin an exercise program,but you haven't so far,which creates a great deal of cognitive dissonance for you.Describe the concept of cognitive dissonance,and explain how your cognitive dissonance regarding exercising might be reduced using each of five strategies.
Q4) The process of making inferences about behavior is known as _______.
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Chapter 71: Social Psychology: Social Influence
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Q1) Regarding nonassertive behavior,which of the following statements is/are TRUE?
A)Nonassertive behavior is selfenhancing and maintains one's selfrespect.
B)Nonassertive behavior often leads to the receiver feeling sympathy,guilt,or contempt for the nonassertive person.
C)Nonassertive behavior often achieves the goals intended.
D)Nonassertive behavior is characterized by all of these statements.
Q2) Which of the following refers to an engineered or forced attitude change involving a captive audience?
A)cognitive dissonance
B)groupthink
C)brainwashing
D)persuasion
Q3) When a small group of people will not tolerate alternative views and comes to maintain their own viewpoint due to misguided loyalty at the cost of critical thinking,this situation is referred to as
A)groupthink.
B)bystander apathy.
C)cognitive dissonance.
D)social facilitation.
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Page 75
Chapter 72: Social Psychology: Pro-Social Behavior
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ed and Jane have been married for 40 years and hope they can be married for another "40." They love traveling together since their retirement and have many interests and hobbies in common.Since they retired,both say "it is like being on a second honeymoon" as the passion of their "younger days" has been rekindled.According to Robert Sternberg,which type of love do Ed and Jane possess?
A)fatuous love
B)companionate love
C)consummate love
D)romantic love
Q2) Which of the following statements regarding overdisclosure is FALSE?
A)Overdisclosure involves disclosure that violates certain unspoken rules.
B)Overdisclosure can lead people to be distrustful of you.
C)Overdisclosure tends to result in reciprocity in social interactions.
D)Overdisclosure often occurs on social networking websites like Facebook.
Q3) A person is more likely to help another person in an emergency when
A)the rewards of helping outweigh the costs.
B)the potential helper feels empathic arousal.
C)the potential helper is in a state of heightened arousal.
D)all of these are present.
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Chapter 73: Social Psychology: Antisocial Behavior
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Q1) A type of displaced aggression in which hostilities triggered by frustration are redirected at "safer" targets is known as __________.
Q2) Regarding bullying,which of the following statements is FALSE?
A)Bullies tend to deal with everyday situations by resorting to aggression.
B)Female bullies are more likely to engage in direct aggression,while male bullies tend to specialize in indirect aggression.
C)Bullying done online is called cyberbullying.
D)Adolescent and adult bullying can lead to serious violence,including murder and suicide.
Q3) Because of their higher testosterone levels,men are more likely engage in physical aggression than women.This fact supports which theory of aggression?
A)humanistic
B)biological
C)social learning
D)instinctual
Q4) When people,who have an authoritarian personality,think their ethnic,national,or religious group is superior to others,they are displaying _______.
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Chapter 74: Psychology in Action: Multiculturalism
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Q1) Regarding social competition,which of the following statements is FALSE?
A)In a 1991 survey,every major ethnic group in the United States rated itself as feeling inferior to other groups.
B)When social competition occurs,groups tend to view themselves as better than their rivals.
C)It is not necessary to degrade other groups in order to feel positive about one's own group identity.
D)Each ethnic group has strengths that members of other groups could benefit from emulating,such as African Americans,Asian Americans,and Latinos have strong family networks that help buffer them from stresses.
Q2) When you treat people in a manner consistent with your stereotype,they often act in accordance with the behavior you expected of them.This is known as A)groupthink.
B)a just-world belief.
C)a self-fulfilling prophecy.
D)the fundamental attribution error.
Q3) A form of faulty thinking that involves the belief that people generally get what they deserve is known as a(n) __________ belief.
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Chapter 75: Applied Psychology: Industrialorganizational Psychology
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Q1) Jared is a psychologist who is studying the problems that people face at work that could lead to job stress and burnout.Jared is most likely a(n) _______ psychologist.
A)clinical
B)industrial/organizational
C)comparative
D)community
Q2) Which of the following is most associated with Theory Y and transformational leadership styles?
A)management by authority figure
B)participative management
C)scientific management
D)work efficiency
Q3) Tina is taking a test that will rate a her potential to learn tasks or skills used in the medical profession.Tina is most likely taking a(n) _______ test.
A)aptitude
B)situational judgment
C)vocational interest
D)projective
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Chapter 76: Applied Psychology: Environmental Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT one of the results from Calhoun's study of rats in the overcrowded colony?
A)increased maternal protection of the young rats
B)indiscriminate aggression among the rats
C)rats experiencing stress-caused diseases
D)some rats showing sexual passivity and others displaying hypersexuality
Q2) If you were responsible for designing a new town meeting hall,shopping mall,or college dorm,you would be wise to consult a(n) _______ psychologist.
A)organizational
B)behavioral
C)environmental
D)vocational
Q3) Traffic congestion,pollution,crime,and impersonality are sources of A)urban stress.
B)biodata.
C)critical incidents.
D)all of these.
Q4) Explain how environments can be designed to influence behaviors,such as discouraging vandalism and encouraging people to shop.
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Chapter 77: Applied Psychology: the Psychology of
Education, Law, and Sports
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Q1) All of the following occur during a peak performance EXCEPT
A)a lack of concentration as the movements become fluid.
B)a lack of fatigue and pain.
C)a sense that time is slowing down.
D)the disappearance of the flow state if one stops to think about it.
Q2) The important step in teaching that helps strengthen the students' responses to key stimuli so students will do well on the final exam is known as
A)stimulus presentation.
B)learner preparation.
C)mental association.
D)spaced review.
Q3) Which of the following sources of information is NOT used in scientific jury selection?
A)collection of demographic information
B)interviews with relatives,neighbors,and coworkers of the potential juror
C)interviews with potential jurors outside the courtroom
D)assessment of nonverbal behavior
Q4) Discuss four problem areas regarding jury deliberations.
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Chapter 78: Psychology in Action: Human Factors
Psychology
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Q1) While Carrie operates a new smartphone,she verbalizes her thoughts about using this device,which will give the engineers information that will help them fine-tune this smartphone.Carrie is participating in the
A)pragmatic assessment procedure called the marketing metaphor.
B)validity testing approach called telepresence.
C)reliability testing approach called natural design.
D)usability testing procedure called the thinking aloud protocol.
Q2) Satisficing refers to just "getting by" in using a tool rather than using the tool to its fullest capacity.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following was utilized in 2001 by a surgeon in New York who removed the diseased gallbladder of a patient an ocean away in France?
A)psychokinesis
B)kinesthetic imagery
C)telepresence
D)virtual travel
Q4) Using human factors methods to design computers and software is referred to as
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Chapter 79: Behavioral Statistics
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Q1) In your study to determine the best method to teach current events to freshmen college students at your college,what would constitute your population and sample,and how would your sample be chosen and why? After obtaining your results,if you find that the new method produced higher scores than the old method of instruction,how will you determine if this difference was a "real difference" or occurred by chance?
Q2) As the correlation coefficient gets closer to +1.00 or -1.00,then the relationship will be
A)weaker.
B)stronger.
C)more variable.
D)harder it becomes to predict.
Q3) If the points on a scatter diagram are clustered in a pattern that extends from lower left to upper right,this would suggest that the two variables depicted are
A)normally distributed.
B)not correlated.
C)positively correlated.
D)negatively correlated.
Q4) When measure X gets larger,measure Y gets smaller in a(n) _______ correlation.
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83
Chapter 80: Life After School
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Sample Questions
Q1) To get a sense of the diversity of psychologists' interests,students reading Psychology: Modules for Active Learning, (13th Edition)should look at Table 3.3 in Module 3 or scan the Table of Contents.
A)True
B)False
Q2) To maximize finding a job after obtaining your psychology degree,you should
A)exaggerate your accomplishments and "pad" your resume.
B)list your degree and then emphasize the part-time jobs you have held during high school and college.
C)emphasize your degree and the focus of your senior research project.
D)emphasize the skills you have learned throughout your studies,such as finding information on your own,writing reports,and speaking in front of an audience.
Q3) According to the Guidelines for the Undergraduate Psychology Major,being able to display open-mindedness and healthy skepticism in evaluating the quality and credibility of information would most fully meet the competency of _______ skills in psychology.
Q4) The discussion of these topics develops psychology students' _______ skills.
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Chapter 81: Understanding Descriptive and Inferential
Statistics for Psychological Research
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Q1) If the mean on a test is 100 and the standard deviation is 15,a person with a z-score of +1.0 scored which of the following on the test?
A)70
B)85
C)115
D)130
Q2) Jan is summarizing numerical data by finding the mean,median,and mode for this set of data.She is most likely using _______ statistics.
A)descriptive
B)ordinal
C)inferential
D)nominal
Q3) A mathematical relationship in which increases in one measure are matched by decreases in the other is a
A)zero correlation.
B)variable relationship.
C)positive relationship.
D)negative relationship.
Q4) For the numbers 10,17,2,9,and 15,the range is _______.
85
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Chapter 82: The Competencies of the Undergraduate
Psychology Major
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
76 Verified Questions
76 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/72185
Sample Questions
Q1) According to the Guidelines for the Undergraduate Psychology Major,being able to display open-mindedness and healthy skepticism in evaluating the quality and credibility of information would most fully meet the competency of _______ skills in psychology.
Q2) You will be graduating with an undergraduate degree in psychology.Explain how you will write your resume to make yourself more employable in fields other than psychology.
Q3) Liam has just graduated with a bachelor's degree in psychology and is applying for a job as a sales representative.The skill learned during his psychology coursework that would be the LEAST beneficial in obtaining this job as a sales representative would be his
A)ability to do his own research.
B)knowledge of developmental stages.
C)sensitivity to cross-cultural issues.
D)ability to make presentations to individuals or groups.
Q4) Llam,a freshman psychology major,is attending a talk by a guest speaker,who is a human factors psychologist,a specialty area that Llam is interested in exploring as a future career.This talk by the guest speaker is part of his psychology department's activities known as the _______.
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