Psychology Capstone Seminar
Midterm Exam
Course Introduction
The Psychology Capstone Seminar serves as a culminating experience for students majoring in psychology. This course integrates knowledge from previous coursework, allowing students to critically analyze, synthesize, and apply key concepts and research methods within the field. Through discussion, collaborative projects, and independent research, students explore contemporary issues and emerging trends in psychology. The seminar emphasizes scientific inquiry, ethical considerations, and the development of professional communication skills. By the end of the course, students are expected to produce a major scholarly work or project that demonstrates their preparedness for graduate study or professional careers in psychology and related disciplines.
Recommended Textbook Pioneers of Psychology A History 4th Edition by Raymond E. Fancher
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15 Chapters
450 Verified Questions
450 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Foundational Ideas from Antiquity
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Q1) Since Descartes' time,research has shown that:
A) his theory of the body's mechanism was prophetically right in most respects.
B) his mechanistic theories were almost completely nonsense.
C) his theory of bodily mechanism was wrong in details, but highly productive in its general implications.
D) the body and mind do interact in the middle of the brain.
Answer: C
Q2) Descartes believed that:
A) the body usually dominates the mind.
B) the mind usually dominates the body.
C) the body really is the mind.
D) the body and mind interact and mutually influence each other, with neither always dominating.
Answer: D
Q3) According to Descartes's theory of light,the speed of light was:
A) infinite.
B) equal to the speed of sound.
C) finite but immeasurable.
D) equal to the speed of the earth's rotation about the sun.
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: Pioneering Philosophers of Mind:
Descartes,Locke,and Leibniz
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Q1) Leibniz's conception of the mind-body relationship holding that monads do not mutually influence one another,but rather pursue independent but parallel and harmonious courses,is an example of:
A) Pantheism.
B) Interactive Dualism.
C) Psychophysical Parallelism.
D) The Psychophysical Law.
Answer: C
Q2) For Locke,the primary qualities of objects:
A) truly exist within the objects themselves.
B) are imposed on objects by our senses.
C) are contrary to Descartes' "simple natures."
D) are the foundation of complex ideas.
Answer: A
Q3) "Whig History" refers to:
A) a type of history that emphasizes cultural, social, and political contexts.
B) a type of history written by the victors that is celebratory in nature.
C) a type of history sympathetic only to liberal ideas.
D) a type of history that interprets the past strictly on its own terms.
Answer: B
Page 4
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Chapter 3: Physiologists of Mind: Brain Scientists from Gall to Penfield
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the famous case of Tan,the lesion responsible for his aphasia apparently began in the:
A) right temporal lobe, near Gall's organ of acquisitiveness.
B) right occipital (rear) lobe, near Gall's organ of language.
C) left frontal lobe, near Gall's organ of verbal memory.
D) cerebellum, Gall's organ of amativeness.
Answer: C
Q2) Franz Gall made which of the following contributions?
A) He made a good case that the brain is the organ of the mind.
B) He made several fundamental anatomical discoveries about the brain.
C) He founded the science which came to be known as phrenology.
D) all of the above
Answer: D
Q3) Damage to Wernicke's area produces:
A) inability to understand the spoken words of others or oneself.
B) mispronunciation in one's own speech.
C) inability to utter declarative sentences.
D) both a and babove
Answer: D
Page 5
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Chapter 4: The Sensing and Perceiving Mind: From Kant
through the Gestalt Psychologists
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Sample Questions
Q1) The idea that all living things are imbued with an ultimately unanalyzable "life force" is the major tenet of what doctrine?
A) Mechanism
B) Vitalism
C) Conservation of Energy
D) Transcendental Idealism
Q2) A notion which David Hume's skeptical philosophy challenged,and which Immanuel Kant tried to rescue in his philosophical reformulation,was:
A) specific nerve energies.
B) analytic geometry.
C) the soul.
D) causality.
Q3) Ernst Weber is important for introducing which of these concepts?
A) the just noticeable difference
B) the absolute threshold
C) apparent movement
D) negative afterimages
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Chapter 5: Wundt and the Establishment of Experimental Psychology
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Q1) One of the Wundtian mental chronometry experiments had one condition in which the subject was required to make a different response to each of two different stimuli,and another in which two stimuli were randomly presented but only one had to be responded to. The mental process presumably required for the first task,but not for the second,was:
A) perception.
B) apperception.
C) cognition.
D) association.
Q2) Ebbinghaus' finding that memory for a learned task drops off most steeply immediately after the learning and then declines more slowly exemplifies the:
A) forgetting curve.
B) method of savings.
C) Psychophysical law.
D) stimulus error.
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Chapter 6: The Evolving Mind: Darwin and His Psychological Legacy
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Q1) Alfred Russel Wallace is known for which of the following?
A) independently developing the theory of evolution by natural selection and having a paper on it read jointly with one by Darwin in 1858
B) anticipating Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection by several years but neglecting to publish it
C) collaborating with Darwin on a paper describing the theory of evolution by natural selection, which was read at a meeting of the Linnean Society in 1858
D) plagiarizing much of Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection and presenting it as his own at a meeting of the Linnean Society in 1858
Q2) Robert FitzRoy became an important figure in Darwin's life because:
A) he was Darwin's beetle-collecting mentor at Cambridge.
B) he convinced Darwin to leave medical school.
C) he took Darwin on as his Beagle dining companion and ship naturalist.
D) he taught Darwin the elements of geology.
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Chapter 7: Measuring the Mind: Galton and Individual Differences
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Q1) "The science of improving stock,which takes cognizance of all influences that tend in however remote a degree to give the more suitable races or strains of blood a better chance of prevailing speedily over the less suitable than they otherwise would have had," is a definition of the doctrine of:
A) Eugenics.
B) evolution by natural selection.
C) Social Darwinism.
D) evolution by artificial selection.
Q2) When there is a complete absence of a relationship between two variables,the regression line representing that relationship will be:
A) horizontal.
B) 45 degrees from the horizontal.
C) either a or b above
D) irregular and curved.
Q3) Which of the following represents the strongest correlation coefficient?
A) - .5
B) + .7
C) 0
D) +10
Page 9
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Chapter 8: American Pioneers: James, Hall, Calkins, and Thorndike
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Q1) William James's attitude toward spiritism and psychical research is best described as follows:
A) complete skepticism as he argued strenuously against the reality of all paranormal phenomena
B) firm belief in the genuineness and reality of at least some paranormal phenomena
C) He actively encouraged and participated in psychical research and was disappointed when experiments turned out negatively.
D) He simply ignored all attempts to attract his interest in the subject.
Q2) Mary Whiton Calkins's research on "paired associates" revealed:
A) that numerals associated with vivid colors were remembered somewhat better than those with neutral colors.
B) that women had better recall of number-color pairs than men did.
C) that strong emotions could be triggered easily with vivid colors.
D) that responses that were followed by pleasure were strengthened while those followed by pain tended to be "stamped out."
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Chapter 9: Psychology as the Science of Behavior:
Pavlov,Watson,and Skinner
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Q1) The three unconditioned emotional reactions that Watson was able to find in human infants were:
A) fear, rage, and sorrow.
B) anger, love, and joy.
C) fear, rage, and love.
D) anger, fear, and joy.
Q2) According to John B.Watson,a properly "behavioristic" psychology would:
A) rule out subjective methods of investigation.
B) make the prediction and control of behavior its major goals.
C) make no qualitative distinction between human and animal behaviors.
D) all of the above
Q3) Which of the following did Watson advise for the successful rearing of babies and young children?
A) Repair doors so they won't bang unnecessarily.
B) Dress infants in loose clothing.
C) Avoid responding to their mishaps with physical affection.
D) all of the above
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Social Influence and Social Psychology: From
Mesmer to Milgram and Beyond
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Q1) Solomon Asch's experiments showed that his subjects' greatest tendency to conform in giving incorrect responses occurred when:
A) they were outnumbered by a unanimous majority of three.
B) they were outnumbered by a unanimous majority of seven.
C) they were outnumbered by a majority of fourteen but with one other dissenter.
D) b and c were approximately equal in producing maximum conformity
Q2) When a few physicians in England,such as Elliotson and Ward,raised the possibility of using mesmerism as a surgical anaesthetic in the 1840s:
A) they were roundly ignored by their colleagues.
B) they were ridiculed or actively persecuted by the established medical community.
C) they established their point successfully for a short time, until hypnotism was superseded by chemical anaesthetics.
D) their early experiments were failures, so they abandoned the idea.
Q3) Those patients who responded most strongly to Mesmer's magnetic inductions:
A) passed quietly into a sleeplike trance.
B) demonstrated heightened physical powers and clairvoyance.
C) continued to behave in apparently normal ways.
D) often experienced violent and painful "crisis states."
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Chapter 11: Mind in Conflict: Freudian Psychoanalysis and Its
Successors
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Q1) When Freud delivered his lectures on psychoanalysis at Clark University in 1909,they were promoted and publicized by _________,but criticized as unscientific by
A) Titchener; Cattell
B) Hall; Titchener
C) Hall; Zeigarnik
D) Hall; Horney
Q2) Freud's theory of childhood sexuality emphasized the newborn infant's:
A) oral and anal sexuality.
B) polymorphous perversity.
C) repressed sexual impulses.
D) sexual purity.
Q3) When Freud found that a "neutral" manifest dream image such as the chemical formula for trimethylamin symbolized a taboo sexual idea,he named the process involved:
A) condensation.
B) overdetermination.
C) displacement.
D) substitution.
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Chapter 12: Psychology Gets "Personality":
Allport,Maslow,and the Broadening Field
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Q1) Henry Murray is well known for:
A) his establishment of the Big Five theory of personality.
B) his co-invention of the thematic apperception test.
C) his development of the PEN personality theory.
D) his creation of the inkblot personality test.
Q2) Carl Rogers effectively promoted:
A) a client-centered therapy stressing unconditional positive regard.
B) an individual psychotherapy stressing the overcoming of inferiority
C) an existential therapy stressing the search for meaning.
D) a Gestalt therapy stressing the search for insight.
Q3) As a student Gordon Allport was influenced by his teacher Münsterberg's conception of psychology as:
A) a dual discipline having both an objective-causal and a subjective?purposive side.
B) a socially relevant but still behavioristic discipline.
C) a discipline that could be both clinical and experimental.
D) a discipline that could be both objective and mechanistic.
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Chapter 13: The Developing Mind: Binet,Piaget,and the Study of Intelligence
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Q1) The first test of intelligence with substantial validity was developed in 1905 by:
A) Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon.
B) Alfred Binet and Victor Henri.
C) Frances Galton and J. M. Cattell.
D) William Stern and Lewis Terman.
Q2) Lewis M.Terman became well known for:
A) revising the Binet-Simon Intelligence scale and researching children who were mentally retarded.
B) revising the Binet-Simon Intelligence scale and researching children who were mentally advanced.
C) revising Stern's IQ formula and researching children who were mentally retarded.
D) revising Stern's IQ formula and promoting the concept of "general intelligence."
Q3) Binet's major purpose in developing his intelligence tests was to:
A) help diagnose retarded children.
B) identify the best breeding stock for eugenic purposes.
C) learn how people think about complicated problems.
D) test for the effect of suggestibility on academic performance.
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Chapter 14: Minds,Machines,and Cognitive Psychology
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Q1) While Babbage's difference engine was capable of __________________,his analytical engine was potentially capable of ___________________.
A) division; multiplication
B) single tasks; any type of calculation
C) any type of calculation; only single tasks
D) any type of calculation; showing genuine creativity
Q2) The idea that a computer program might one day be developed that is capable of replicating all of the intellectual properties of the human mind is sometimes called:
A) strong artificial intelligence.
B) computational equivalence.
C) computational intelligence.
D) functional artificial intelligence.
Q3) Alan Turing did all of the following except:
A) propose a test for determining if a calculating machine was "intelligent."
B) conceive of an architecture for a universal calculating machine.
C) help break German codes during World War II.
D) receive high honors from the British government for his wartime contributions.
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Chapter 15: Applying Psychology: From the Witness Stand to
the Workplace
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Q1) The pneumograph and the sphygmograph were used by:
A) the Gilbreths in their motion studies.
B) a colleague of Münsterberg in his work on lie detection.
C) the Hollingworths in their work on the effects of caffeine.
D) Lightner Witmer in his assessment of children.
Q2) "Psychotherapeutics" in American culture in the early 20?? century included all of the following,except:
A) psychophysics.
B) faith healing.
C) Christian science.
D) the Emmanuel Movement.
Q3) _______'s life story was the basis for the popular book and movie Cheaper by the Dozen.
A) Lillian Gilbreth
B) Naomi Norsworthy
C) Leta Stetter Hollingworth
D) Augusta Fox Bronner
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