Psychology and Society
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Course Introduction
This course explores the dynamic interplay between psychological processes and societal structures, examining how social environments shape individual behavior, attitudes, and mental health. Students will investigate key concepts such as social influence, group dynamics, prejudice, cultural norms, and the role of institutions in shaping identity and socialization. Through analysis of current events, research studies, and historical examples, the course highlights the reciprocal impact of individuals and society, preparing students to critically evaluate societal issues from a psychological perspective.
Recommended Textbook
Psychology in Action 11th Edition by Karen Huffman
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18 Chapters
2357 Verified Questions
2357 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Introduction and Research Methods
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146 Verified Questions
146 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/19386
Sample Questions
Q1) According to your text, debriefing is _____.
A) interviewing subjects after a study to find out what they were thinking during their participation
B) explaining the purpose of the study, anticipated results, and deceptions used when the study is over
C) disclosing potential physical and emotional risks, and the nature of the study prior to its beginning
D) interviewing subjects after a study to determine whether any deceptions were effective in preventing them from learning the true purpose of the study
Answer: B
Q2) Salary and years of education are typically _____ correlated, and grade-point average and the number of hours of television watched per day are typically _____ correlated.
A) not; positively
B) negatively; positively
C) positively; not
D) positively, negatively
Answer: D
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Neuroscience and Biological Foundations
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167 Verified Questions
167 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Three structures associated with the brain stem are the _____.
A) thalamus, amygdala, and hippocampus
B) motor control, sensory, and projection areas
C) pons, medulla, and cerebellum
D) cerebrum, cerebellum, and corpus callosum
Answer: C
Q2) Which of the following is TRUE of the cell body?
A) It accepts incoming information from dendrites.
B) It determines whether the neuron should fire and pass on information to the axon.
C) It contains the cell nucleus.
D) All of these options
Answer: D
Q3) Injury to the thalamus can cause all except which of the following?
A) Deafness
B) Blindness
C) Loss of smell
D) Loss of taste
Answer: C
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4
Chapter 3: Stress and Health Psychology
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116 Verified Questions
116 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An elevator got stuck between floors and kept its occupants trapped for hours. Which of the occupants was likely to experience the MOST frustration?
A) The child who was late for school
B) The husband who was late for breakfast with his mother-in-law
C) The woman who was late for her job interview
D) The man who was late for root-canal work at his dentist's office
Answer: C
Q2) Three-year-old Cory wants to stay up, rather than going to bed. However, he has to decide whether he will go to bed now or in five minutes. This is an example of _____ conflict.
A) an approach-approach
B) an avoidance-avoidance
C) an approach-avoidance
D) all of the above
Answer: B
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Chapter 4: Sensation and Perception
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206 Verified Questions
206 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe wavelength, amplitude, and frequency in relationship to vision and hearing.
Q2) As a flock of Canadian geese flies overhead in its familiar "V" formation, the geese are seen as _____ and the sky as _____.
A) continuity; closure
B) a sensation; perception
C) figure; ground
D) ground; figure
Q3) Posture, orientation, and body movements are part of the _____.
A) kinesthetic sense
B) vestibular system
C) cerebellular sense
D) skin senses
Q4) If you can perceive depth or distance with only one eye, this means you are _____.
A) using a monocular cue
B) using a binocular cue
C) using convergence
D) unidimensional
Q5) Why is sensory adaptation helpful for us? Give examples.
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Chapter 5: Consciousness
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124 Verified Questions
124 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) You just awoke from a startling dream in which you were very frightened, but could not move. How would the activation-synthesis theory of dreaming explain your dream?
A) Your amygdala was randomly stimulated, but REM-stage paralysis kept you from moving.
B) You were frightened by something during the day but didn't pay attention to it at the time, which caused you to feel helpless in your dream.
C) You are frightened of your occasional urges to harm others, and your unconscious mind prevented you from following through on these urges.
D) You experienced random stimulation of the amygdala and other brain areas, but your cerebellum was not stimulated at all.
Q2) _____ is the development of decreasing sensitivity to a drug because of continued use, whereas _____ is the development of decreasing sensitivity to a drug because of the use of another drug.
A) Addiction; tolerance
B) Tolerance; addiction
C) Drug abuse; drug addiction
D) Tolerance; cross-tolerance
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Learning
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134 Verified Questions
134 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Adding a stimulus that strengthens or increases a response is called _____.
A) positive reinforcement
B) positive conditioning
C) primary reinforcement
D) operant reinforcement
Q2) Which of the following pairs occur in higher order conditioning?
A) NS-US
B) US-previous NS
C) NS-previous CS
D) NS-US-UR
Q3) When someone reinforces a series of successive approximations of the desired response, they are engaged in _____ a behavior.
A) the continuous reinforcement of
B) generalizing
C) discriminating
D) shaping
Q4) Explain the importance to human learning of Kohler's and Tolman' research, and provide an example of how you might use insight and latent learning in your everyday life.
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Chapter 7: Memory
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133 Verified Questions
133 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the types of long-term memory storage, illustrating each with a personal example.
Q2) The three steps in memory processing are _____.
A) encoding, storage, retrieval
B) translations, maintenance, transmittal
C) dictation, capturing, regurgitation
D) encrypting, sensory retention, neural processing
Q3) Describe the retrieval process, focusing on retrieval cues, recognition, recall, and priming, illustrating each with a personal example.
Q4) This is an encoding technique linking new information to previously stored material in LTM.
A) Elaborative rehearsal
B) Shallow processing
C) Maintenance rehearsal
D) Hierarchical encoding
Q5) According to retrieval failure theory, memories stored in LTM are _____.
A) never really forgotten (tip-of-the-tongue-phenomenon)
B) frequently inaccessible
C) lost once they are transferred to the unconscious
D) forgotten rather than repressed
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence
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144 Verified Questions
144 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following supports Whorf's Linguistic Relativity Hypothesis?
A) Japanese speakers cannot, but English speakers can, discriminate between the /r/ and /l/ distinction
B) Rating a character in a story as more aggressive when referred to as a CHAIRMAN than a CHAIRPERSON
C) Providing feminine attributes to a child when referred to as HE/SHE compared to HE
D) All of the above
Q2) Which of the following supports the idea that people store words in terms of their morphemes?
A) People are faster to respond to GOVERNMENT when it is preceded by a similar-sounding word
B) People are faster to respond to GOVERNMENT when it is preceded by another noun
C) People are faster to respond to GOVERNMENT when it is preceded by GOVERNOR
D) All of the above
Q3) Describe the evidence for genetic and environmental influences on intelligence.
Q4) Define cognition, thinking, and concepts, and describe the three strategies for learning concepts, illustrating your answer with examples.
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Life Span Development I
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113 Verified Questions
113 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following supports the idea that infants can use memory?
A) 6-month-old infants will remember to kick a mobile that an adult showed them how to kick 2 weeks earlier
B) 6-month-old infants will not remember to kick a mobile that an adult showed them how to kick 2 weeks earlier
C) 18-month-olds but not 6-month-olds remember to kick a mobile that an adult showed them how to kick 2 weeks earlier
D) None of the above
Q2) Adolescent egocentrism is BEST characterized by _____.
A) a personal fable and an imaginary audience
B) sexual fantasies
C) a belief that they are smarter than all adults
D) a belief that they are the best at everything
Q3) _____ research studies several groups of individuals at various ages, at one point in time, and provides information regarding _____.
A) Longitudinal; age differences
B) Cross-sectional; age differences
C) Longitudinal; age changes
D) Cross-sectional; age changes
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Life Span Development II
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90 Verified Questions
90 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Lionel recently lost his wife and is experiencing guilt, anger, and resentment. Occasionally, he has vivid dreams that she is still alive, and sometimes even sees her waiting for him on the front porch swing when he comes home from work. It is MOST likely that Lionel is in the _____ stage of grieving.
A) numbness
B) disorganization and despair
C) yearning
D) bargaining
Q2) Gilligan's major criticism of Kohlberg's stages of moral development is that they
A) did not include the morality of the preverbal child, nor the very old B) emphasized male values over female values
C) are too difficult for the average person to understand
D) predict behavior for women, but not for men
Q3) Describe the four stages of grief people experience after the loss of a relationship, then list three strategies for coping with grief.
Q4) Describe the potential causes or correlates of family violence.
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Chapter 11: Gender and Human Sexuality
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102 Verified Questions
102 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The period following orgasm, during which it is considered physiologically impossible for most men to be further excited to orgasm, is called the _____ period.
A) Post-orgasmic
B) Refractory
C) Recovery
D) Retraction
Q2) developed a personality measure of male, female, and androgynous traits.
A) Bem
B) Freud
C) Masters
D) Kinsey
Q3) Gender schemas are associated with which theory of gender role development?
A) Cognitive-developmental
B) Social learning theory
C) Observational theory
D) Both a and b
Q4) List and describe the major physiological changes that occur in each stage of Masters and Johnson's model of sexual arousal. State the role of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems in this process.
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Chapter 12: Motivation and Emotion
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115 Verified Questions
115 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) If we are walking in the woods and jump because we think we see a snake (it ends up being a stick), that fear reaction without conscious fear originates in the _____.
A) corpus callosum
B) hypothalamus
C) cortex
D) limbic system
Q2) Which of the following is INCORRECTLY matched?
A) Drive-reduction theory: external stimuli
B) Incentive theory: external stimuli
C) Cognitive theory: attributions and expectancies
D) Maslow: hierarchy of needs
Q3) Hunger, arousal, and achievement are three basic _____.
A) emotions
B) feelings
C) responses
D) motives
Q4) Describe the polygraph and discuss the controversy regarding its use as a "lie detector."
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Personality
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159 Verified Questions
159 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In Jungian psychology, the archetypes for gender role are the _____.
A) mandala and mandalus
B) anima and animus
C) mother and father
D) phallus and flower
Q2) At N. Sanity Hospital, none of the psychologists can agree on the results of a personality test for a newly admitted patient. It is MOST likely that the test this patient took was the _____.
A) Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2)
B) the original Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
C) Rorschach inkblot test
D) Sixteen Personality Factors Questionnaire (16PF)
Q3) According to Freud, the three mental structures that form personality are the
A) unconscious, preconscious, and conscious
B) oral, anal, and phallic
C) Oedipus, Electra, and sexual/aggressive
D) id, ego, and superego
Q4) Describe and provide examples of the four methods of personality assessment.
Q5) Describe the five-factor model of personality traits.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Psychological Disorders
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132 Verified Questions
132 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A disorder that is characterized by severely disturbed perception, language, thought, emotion, and behavior is _____.
A) schizophrenia
B) dissociative identity disorder
C) borderline psychosis
D) neurotic psychosis
Q2) Which of the following is FALSE about the DSM 5?
A) It completely describes symptoms of mental disorders.
B) It provides standardized diagnoses.
C) It reflects a western European and American perspective of mental disorders.
D) It relies on psychologically based explanations for mental disorders, rather than the medical model of mental illness.
Q3) In early therapy of abnormal behavior, _____ was used to allow evil spirits to escape, while _____ was designed to make the body so uncomfortable it would be uninhabitable to the devil.
A) purging; fasting
B) trephining; exorcism
C) demonology; hydrotherapy
D) the medical model; dunking
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Psychotherapy
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149 Verified Questions
149 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Behaviorists reply to criticisms of their treatment approach by saying, _____.
A) "You know what you can do with Freud's couch!"
B) "Behavior therapy increases personal control by making the rewards and punishments that influence behavior obvious."
C) "Cognitive, schmognitive!"
D) "ECT is much more shocking!"
Q2) A biomedical treatment that uses repeated magnetic pulses target at strategic areas of the brain is called _____.
A) lobotomy
B) psychosurgery
C) ECT
D) Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Q3) In family therapy, the identified patient _____.
A) is the member with the most problems
B) is the member with the deepest disturbance
C) has often been blamed by the family for problems in the family's interactions and relationships
D) slows down progress if he or she is unwilling to acknowledge his/her role and work on his or her problem with the rest of the family
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Page 17
Chapter 16: Social Psychology
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134 Verified Questions
134 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT one of the steps in Latane and Darley's model of helping behavior?
A) Noticing the event or problem
B) Interpreting the event or problem as an emergency
C) Accepting personal responsibility
D) Solving the problem
Q2) According to Latane and Darley, in which of the following situations are you MOST likely to get help from bystanders?
A) In a room with one other person
B) On a bus with several strangers
C) In a busy campus restroom
D) On a well-traveled freeway
Q3) Saying that members of another ethnic group "all look alike to me" may be an example of _____.
A) ingroup favoritism
B) the outgroup homogeneity effect
C) outgroup negativism
D) ingroup bias
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18
Chapter 17: Industrial/Organizational Psychology
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94 Verified Questions
94 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Douglas McGregor is associated with which of the following theories?
A) Theory X and Theory Y
B) Theory Y and Theory Z
C) Theory XYZ
D) none of these options
Q2) A leader who helps maintain group morale, satisfaction, and motivation is _____.
A) functional
B) democratic
C) relationship-oriented
D) participative
Q3) Which of the following is illustrative of an organizational culture?
A) McKing's Burger Joint expects its employees to share in the promotion of its friendly dining atmosphere.
B) Sunny Manufacturers is open from 9 to 5, Monday through Friday.
C) The Department of Traffic Regulations requires its director to have a graduate degree.
D) all of these options
Q4) Contrast the three major leadership styles of autocratic, democratic and laissez-faire.
Q5) Describe the five bases of leadership power, providing an example of each.
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Chapter 18: Psychology at Work in the Global Economy
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99 Verified Questions
99 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is (are) true about passive individuals?
A) They fail to stand up for their rights even when justified
B) They get along with everyone but are less respected
C) They are more likely to achieve their goals
D) A and B
Q2) If an employee disagreed with management over the goals for the company and ways to compete, this would be an example of a _____ conflict.
A) intrapersonal
B) emotional
C) role
D) dysfunctional
Q3) This is the personality trait that reflects the extent to which people engage in and enjoy effortful thought processing.
A) Need for cognition
B) Need for achievement
C) Thoughtful cognition
D) Central processing
Q4) Describe five causes of workplace conflict and five ways to resolve it.
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Page 20