Psychology 101 Test Questions
Course
Introduction
Psychology 101 provides an introduction to the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. This foundational course explores major concepts, theories, and research findings across various subfields such as biological, cognitive, developmental, social, and clinical psychology. Students will examine how psychological principles apply to everyday life, gain insight into human thought and behavior, and learn about research methodologies used in psychological investigations. The course lays the groundwork for further study in psychology and related disciplines.
Recommended Textbook
Mastering the World of Psychology 5th Edition by Samuel E. Wood
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15 Chapters
2838 Verified Questions
2838 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Introduction to Psychology
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182 Verified Questions
182 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Psychology is more than just common sense because it utilizes the _____ to acquire knowledge.
Answer: scientific method
Q2) When the researcher's expectations influence participant's behavior and/or the researcher's interpretation of the experimental results, it is called ____
A)participant bias.
B)experimenter bias.
C)subject bias.
D)intentional bias.
Answer: B
Q3) When an independent variable would endanger a human participant's health, we must conduct the research by comparing groups that already have differing degrees of the variable of interest. These are known as _____ experiments.
A)partial
B)correlational
C)quasi
D)descriptive
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: Biology and Behavior
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190 Verified Questions
190 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Activated by the _____, gonads release _____
A)thymus; estrogen.
B)pineal gland; testosterone.
C)pituitary; corticoids.
D)pituitary; sex hormones.
Answer: D
Q2) When a neuron carries the electrical potential of _____ millivolts, it is in the state called _____
A)-70; resting potential.
B)+50; refractory period.
C)-50; resting potential.
D)-30; refractory period.
Answer: A
Q3) Choden was just nearly hit by a car. His adrenal gland just dumped _____ into his bloodstream.
A)glucogon
B)thymosin
C)corticoids
D)emergogen
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: Sensation and Perception
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188 Verified Questions
188 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why is transduction so important?
Answer: Transduction is the conversion of sensory information into neural impulses. In order for the brain to be able to "read" or understand the incoming sensory information, it has to be in neural impulse format. Therefore, transduction makes perception (the brain's ability to make sense of sensory information)possible.
Q2) What concept is at play when your expectation of what will be perceived actually affects the reality of what you perceived?
A)cross-modal perception
B)the Ganzfeld effect
C)inattentional blindness
D)the perceptual set
Answer: D
Q3) _____ is the process in which sensory information is changed into neural impulses. Answer: Transduction
Q4) _____ is the technical name for nearsightedness, whereas _____ is the technical name for farsightedness.
Answer: Myopia; hyperopia
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Chapter 4: Consciousness
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Sample Questions
Q1) Drugs affect our brain through interaction with the _____ system.
A)neurotransmitter
B)frontal lobes
C)thinking
D)cerebrospinal fluid
Q2) Who is likely to live the longest? An adult who sleeps _____
A)4 hours per night.
B)9 hours per night.
C)7 hours per night.
D)5 hours a night.
Q3) The idea that dreams consist of random firing of brain cells during REM, but are significant in terms of the meaning we give them, represents which theory?
A)Freudian
B)cognitive
C)activation-synthesis
D)evolutionary
Q4) Based on the research by Manzardo and colleagues (2002), animals become addicted to and prefer this drug even when offered all the drugs to which they have become addicted. This drug is _____.
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Chapter 5: Learning
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Sample Questions
Q1) Kristy has been classically conditioned to wake up to her particular alarm clock. When she goes on a business trip, she realizes that the alarm sound will not be the same as her own. However, because of _____, Kristy is confident that the hotel's alarm clock sound will indeed wake her up.
Q2) Billy taught two rats how to play basketball for his experimental psychology class. What process did he likely use?
A)operant conditioning
B)shaping
C)reinforcement
D)punishment
Q3) _____ studied insight learning, whereas _____ studied latent learning.
Q4) Why is punishment by itself not a very effective way of learning?
Q5) A student studied very hard in order to avoid getting bad grades and losing her driving privileges. It worked. What was the type of reinforcer she experienced?
A)positive reinforcement
B)negative punishment
C)negative reinforcement
D)partial reinforcement
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Chapter 6: Memory
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190 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the information-processing theorists, _____ refers to the hardware, whereas _____ refers to the software of the human memory system.
A)the skull that covers and protects the brain; the positive bias of memory
B)the serial position effect; learned memory strategies
C)the brain structures involved in memory; learned memory strategies
D)the positive bias of memory; the serial position effect
Q2) In terms of the memory process, keeping the information in memory refers to
A)consolidation.
B)encoding.
C)storage.
D)metacognition.
Q3) _____ is a measure of memory in which retention is expressed as the percentage of time saved when material is relearned compared with the time required to learn the material originally.
A)Recall
B)Retrieval
C)The relearning method
D)The Ebbinghaus method
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Cognition, Language, and Intelligence
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190 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which is the most likely prototype for the concept "vehicle"?
A)glider
B)car
C)scooter
D)bicycle
Q2) A famous lecturer argues that because the Hopi Indians have only two nouns for things that fly, one for birds and another for nonbirds, the Hopi MUST interpret all flying things in terms of these two nouns. This argument is based on _____
A)the idealized prototype construct.
B)bottom-up processing.
C)deep structure elaboration.
D)the linguistic relativity hypothesis.
Q3) Approximately what percentage of IQ scores falls between 70 and 130?
A)50 percent
B)65 percent
C)95 percent
D)99 percent
Q4) Why should inclusion (or mainstreaming)in schools continue?
Q5) The word scarecrow contains _____ phonemes.
Q6) In what way are heuristics both useful and not useful?
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Human Development
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189 Verified Questions
189 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) During which stage do children begin making plans and showing inventiveness in their behaviors?
A)basic trust vs. mistrust
B)intimacy vs. isolation
C)generativity vs. stagnation
D)initiative vs. guilt
Q2) Melanie is asked the question, "What if humans never had hands or feet?" Though she knows most humans do have hands and feet, she says, "Well, I guess we wouldn't have the need for shoes or gloves anymore. Hmmm...I suppose it might be really difficult for humans to keep their balance if they didn't have feet." According to Piaget, in what stage is Melanie?
A)reversibility
B)preoperational
C)formal operations
D)concrete operations
Q3) Mental flexibility and abstract reasoning make up _____ intelligence.
A)crystallized
B)nonverbal
C)perceptual
D)fluid
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Chapter 9: Motivation and Emotion
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Sample Questions
Q1) When arousal is too low, _____ can cause humans and other animals to seek to increase stimulation.
A)achievement motives
B)primary drives
C)secondary drives
D)stimulus motives
Q2) Averee spends about three hours every Saturday at the local nursing home. She spends her time playing cards with some of the residents and has many great conversations while she is there. Averee does not get paid for her time, but does it because she really enjoys spending time with them. Averee is said to be _____
A)intrinsically motivated.
B)incentive driven.
C)extrinsically motivated.
D)selfless in her motivation.
Q3) Hannah's mother is informed that her daughter was involved in an auto accident, which destroyed what doctors refer to as her satiety (of fullness)center. When she asks what that means, the doctors specify that Hannah has damage to part of the brain called the _____.
Q4) Why would children playing be an example of intrinsic motivation?
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Chapter 10: Health and Stress
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Sample Questions
Q1) Susan just lost her husband and two daughters in a tragic automobile accident. Because they had no life insurance, Susan began experiencing major financial problems and eventually lost her house. Consequently, she and her son had to move to a small apartment. Just as she thought her life was beginning to feel somewhat stable, the company she worked for announced that they were filing for bankruptcy and all of the employees would lose their jobs within the next month. The period of time from the car accident to the loss of her job was about 7 months. Based on research regarding the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS), Susan is at risk to _____
A)spiral into an unrelenting depression and start drinking alcohol to cope with her losses.
B)develop a smoking habit.
C)develop a major health problem within the next two years.
D)find a way to overcome her life circumstances.
Q2) Discuss how to evaluate health information on the Internet. What should you trust and how much? What are the rules governing health information on the Internet? How do you evaluate a source? What do you need in order to make the best decision about health information on the Internet?
Q3) How does a low T cell count relate to illness?
Q4) Where is the point of stress in the approach-avoidance conflict?
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Personality Theory and Assessment
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190 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Though 10 years out of high school, Simon is still scarred and bothered by the bullying he experienced at the hand of Jeffrey. If the defense mechanism of reaction formation were being utilized, which of the following would Simon say to Jeffrey when he unexpectedly saw Jeffrey at the local grocery store?
A)"After all of these years, I finally get a chance to tell you what an arrogant jerk you are, Jeffrey!"
B)"Jeffrey, why would you want to make someone's life so miserable?"
C)"Hey there, Jeffrey. Good to see you. How are you these days?"
D)"Pardon me, but can you move so I can reach the milk?"
Q2) Freud believed that the three systems of personality within the personality structure were _____, _____, and _____.
Q3) _____ provides unqualified caring and nonjudgmental acceptance of another.
A)The openness trait
B)Conscientiousness
C)Unconditional positive regard
D)An archetype
Q4) Successful resolution of the phallic stage for both boys and girls results in _____.
Q5) What is the purpose of person-centered therapy?
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Chapter 12: Defining Psychological Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) In any given year, the prevalence rate for bipolar disorder in the United States is _____.
Q2) One theory holds that DID is a pattern of behaviors resulting from the influence of _____ and _____
A)a therapist; the media.
B)parents; peers.
C)attention seeking; immaturity.
D)drugs; alcohol.
Q3) Washing your hands 100 times a day out of an irrational fear of contamination can be considered abnormal and _____ A)insane.
B)dangerous.
C)maladaptive. D)ridiculous.
Q4) The _____ is the new edition of the main manual used by mental health professionals in the United States for purposes of diagnosing psychological disorders.
Q5) In the United States, _____ suicides are reported each year, with _____ having the highest recorded suicide rate.
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Chapter 13: Therapies
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Sample Questions
Q1) Aaron Beck states that _____ occurs when clients believe that they are at fault for others' behavior.
A)mind reading
B)labeling
C)all-or-nothing thinking
D)personalization
Q2) In an effort to help individuals facilitate their own personal growth in therapy, humanistic therapists did which of the following?
A)employed the empty chair technique
B)decided to use the word "client" as opposed to "patient"
C)determined that transference was appropriate for use in treatment
D)created systematic desensitization
Q3) The length of time clients were in therapy was generally _____ correlated to their improvement.
A)negatively
B)positively
C)not
D)equally
Q4) _____ and _____ are two of the goals of family therapy.
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Chapter 14: Social Psychology
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190 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is the reason that the first impression of an individual usually sticks?
A)the primary appraisal
B)the recency effect
C)impression management
D)the primacy effect
Q2) Which of the following was NOT rated as most important to most males and females across many cultures when choosing a mate, according to research by Buss (1990)?
A)dependable character
B)pleasing disposition
C)mutual attraction/love
D)education and intelligence
Q3) The intentional infliction of physical or psychological harm on others is referred to as
A)scapegoating.
B)prejudice.
C)aggression.
D)discrimination.
Q4) Why is deception sometimes necessary in psychological research?
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Chapter 15: Human Sexuality and Gender
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190 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When a person is first infected with HIV, they most likely will experience which of the following?
A)flu-like symptoms
B)an outbreak of genital sores
C)a whole body rash
D)no symptoms
Q2) Before the 7th week of prenatal development, the gonads, or sex glands, of the male and female fetus are _____
A)clearly seen.
B)identical.
C)already different.
D)intersexed.
Q3) Biological sex and psychological gender are _____
A)the same.
B)different and distinct entities.
C)different only if there were a chromosomal abnormality.
D)often at war with each other.
Q4) A cognitive difference found between genders and related to higher math ability is _____ ability.
Q5) Gender specific preference between dolls and trucks can be seen during _____.
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