Psychology 101 Test Preparation
Course Introduction
Psychology 101 offers an introduction to the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Students will explore foundational concepts including learning, memory, perception, development, emotion, personality, and psychological disorders. The course also examines research methods in psychology and considers biological, social, and cultural factors that influence behavior. Emphasis is placed on applying psychological principles to everyday life, fostering critical thinking, and understanding the relevance of psychology to diverse fields.
Recommended Textbook
Scientific American Psychology 1st Edition by Deborah Licht
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15 Chapters
4029 Verified Questions
4029 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: An Introduction to Psychology
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284 Verified Questions
284 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Inferential statistics help researchers determine the probability of future occurrences. In this way, inferential statistics help psychologists attain the goal of:
A)description.
B)prediction.
C)explanation.
D)control.
Answer: B
Q2) Andrea is reading a general, comprehensive account of human aggression in the introduction to a research report in psychology. Andrea is reading a(n):
A)theory.
B)hypothesis.
C)operational definition.
D)explanation.
Answer: A
Q3) Psychology is the study of mental processes.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 2: Research Methods
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265 Verified Questions
265 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The reflex arc is a component of the _____ nervous system.
A)somatic
B)autonomic
C)parasympathetic
D)sympathetic
Answer: A
Q2) Glutamate and GABA have similar effects on neural activity.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) The case of Phineas Gage provided early knowledge regarding the role of the occipital lobe in thought and behavior.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Will is a split-brain patient. When an object's image is flashed in his left-visual field, he cannot name the object.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Page 4
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Chapter 3: Biology and Behavior
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270 Verified Questions
270 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Loudness is measured in:
A)dB.
B)Hz.
C)nm.
D)p)s.i.
Answer: A
Q2) Which sequence BEST describes the olfactory pathway, from the environment to the mind?
A)olfactory epithelium > olfactory bulb > thalamus
B)olfactory bulb > olfactory epithelium > thalamus
C)olfactory epithelium > olfactory bulb > limbic system
D)olfactory bulb > olfactory epithelium > limbic system
Answer: C
Q3) Pain gates may be closed not only from the bottom up, but also from the top down.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Sensation and Perception
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274 Verified Questions
274 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Speech becomes slurred when one's blood alcohol content reaches:
A).05.
B).08.
C).10.
D).15.
Q2) Which statement concerning hypnosis is False?
A)Attention is less focused in the hypnotized state.
B)Hypnotized people are highly responsive to suggestion.
C)Hypnosis is associated with heightened imagination.
D)Hypnosis is associated with an extremely receptive attitude.
Q3) According to the text, neurons in the limbic system are active during dreaming. Think back to the text's discussion of the brain. The limbic system contains the:
A)prefrontal cortex.
B)cerebellum.
C)corpus callosum.
D)amygdala.
Q4) Delta waves are typical of deep sleep.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Consciousness
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269 Verified Questions
269 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Watson and Rayner are known for their study of:
A)cats in puzzle boxes.
B)Little Albert and conditioned fear.
C)children playing with a Bobo doll.
D)rats in Skinner boxes.
Q2) Voluntary behavior is to involuntary behavior as _____ conditioning is to _____ conditioning.
A)classical; Pavlovian
B)classical; operant
C)Pavlovian; operant
D)operant; classical
Q3) Conditioned taste aversion is usually established only after multiple US-CS pairings.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Higher order conditioning involves an association between:
A)a CS and a US.
B)a CS and a new neutral stimulus.
C)two similar USs.
D)a neutral stimulus and a US.
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Chapter 6: Learning
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268 Verified Questions
268 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Psychologists use the word _____ to refer to the processes whereby the brain collects, stores, and retrieves information for later use.
A)memory
B)learning
C)intelligence
D)sensation
Q2) H.M.'s most notable impairment was profound retrograde amnesia.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Match the psychologist(s) with the correct concept or theory.
A)Sperling - levels of processing framework
B)Tulving and Craik - information processing model
C)Baddeley and Hitch - working memory
D)Atkinson and Shiffrin - sensory memory
Q4) Mnemonic strategies facilitate retention by encouraging:
A)chunking.
B)elaborative rehearsal.
C)chunking and elaborative rehearsal.
D)chunking and maintenance rehearsal.
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Chapter 7: Memory
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270 Verified Questions
270 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Rules are to experience as formal concept is to natural concept.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Karl is the one person Craig has ever met from New Zealand. Karl strikes Craig as being quite friendly and funny.When asked what he would expect he went to New Zealand, Craig says that the people would be friendly and funny. What might he have used to make this judgment?
A)a mental set.
B)insight.
C)the confirmation bias.
D)the representativeness heuristic.
Q3) In written language, letters most closely represent _____, whereas sentences may be said to reflect _____.
A)syntax; phonemes
B)morphemes; syntax
C)phonemes; syntax
D)phonemes; morphemes
Q4) A language may be composed entirely of gestures.
A)True
B)False
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Cognition, Language, and Intelligence
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279 Verified Questions
279 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) From the late teens into the mid-20s, individuals are in a transitional phase that developmental psychologists call _____ adulthood.
A)emerging
B)beginning
C)developing
D)launching
Q2) Which statement BEST expresses preoperational children's degree of cognitive sophistication?
A)They understand that objects exist when they are not visible.
B)They can pretend that one object is another.
C)They can perform such mental operations as conservation.
D)They are capable of abstract, hypothetical thought.
Q3) Which language acquisition stage is matched with its example?
A)babbling - "Goo goo, ga ga."
B)cooing - "Kitty sleep."
C)holophrase - "Aaaaah"
D)telegraphic speech - "Cookie!"
Q4) A critical period is a specific type of sensitive period.
A)True
B)False
10
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Chapter 9: Human Development
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265 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The need to be respected is an example of an esteem need in Maslow's hierarchy.
A)True
B)False
Q2) According to the Schachter-Singer theory, emotion equals physiological arousal plus a cognitive label.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Obesity is defined as having a BMI of _____ or greater.
A)20
B)25
C)30
D)35
Q4) The prominent early psychologist _____ argued that instead of crying because we feel sorry, "we feel sorry because we cry."
A)Sigmund Freud
B)William James
C)Wilhelm Wundt
D)John Watson
Q5) Review the biological factors involved in the regulation of hunger.
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Chapter 10: Sexuality and Gender
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263 Verified Questions
263 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The textbook notes that "MRI and fMRI can be used to study sexual arousal during intercourse . . . " In such research, fMRI would use _____ to reveal _____.
A)radioactive tracers; the brain's activity during sex
B)strong magnets; brain areas active during sex
C)X-rays; brain structures involved in sex
D)electrodes; the brain's electrical activity during sex
Q2) Gender-role stereotypes become apparent around the age of _____ years.
A)3
B)4
C)5
D)6
Q3) Children demonstrate an understanding of gender role by the age of:
A)1 year.
B)18 months.
C)2 or 3 years.
D)4 or 5 years.
Q4) More than 1 million people are HIV-positive in the United States.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Identify and describe three differences of sexual development.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Personality
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266 Verified Questions
266 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) With respect to Freud's theory of psychosexual development, weaning is to toilet training as _____ is to _____.
A)oral; anal
B)oral; phallic
C)anal; oral
D)phallic; anal
Q2) ____ personality tests use a standard set of questions and are scored in a standardized way.
A)Objective
B)Projective
C)Reflective
D)Subjective
Q3) Most psychologists rely on _____ assessments.
A)projective
B)subjective
C)objective
D)both subjective and objective
Q4) The anal stage is the first of Freud's stages of psychosexual development.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Social Psychology
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265 Verified Questions
265 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Meditation produces no observable changes in brain activity.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Difficult choices can contribute to stress, especially when they accumulate.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Evan is considering two part-time jobs. Job A is on-campus with flexible hours. It would fit easily into his schedule of classes and campus activities. The job pays poorly, however. Job B pays well, but it is located far across town, and the hours sometimes conflict with his class schedule. Evan is facing a(n) _____ conflict.
A)avoidance-avoidance
B)double approach-avoidance
C)approach-approach
D)approach-avoidance
Q4) Even a perceived threat may be sufficient to cause stress.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Distinguish between stressors and stress. Define eustress and distress and provide an example of each.
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Chapter 13: Stress and Health
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264 Verified Questions
264 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Schizophrenia is one of the most heavily studied psychological disorders.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Dr. Fritsch and Dr. Gupta are debating why depression is more prevalent among women than among men. "Women have fewer economic opportunities than do men, and they experience role conflicts more often," notes Dr. Fritsch. Dr. Gupta remarks that women experience fluctuations in estrogen levels, whereas men do not. Dr. Fritsch appears to take a _____ approach to depressive disorders, whereas Dr. Gupta seems to favor a _____ approach.
A)medical; sociocultural
B)psychological; medical
C)sociocultural; medical
D)sociocultural; psychological
Q3) According to the biopsychosocial model, psychological disorders stem from a complex interaction of causes.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Review the evidence supporting a substantial biological contribution to schizophrenia.
Q5) Review the biological and psychological contributors to depression.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Psychological Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) _____ therapy associates an unpleasant state, such as nausea, with an unwanted behavior, such as drinking alcohol.
A)Aversion
B)Exposure
C)Cognitive
D)Rational-emotive behavior
Q2) While Justin's therapist listens to what he has to say without judgment, she also seeks understanding by paraphrasing as well as asking for clarification and then reflecting Justin's feelings.Justin's therapist is using a therapeutic technique known as:
A)active listening.
B)free association.
C)interpretation.
D)transference.
Q3) Biomedical therapies do NOT include:
A)electroconvulsive therapy.
B)psychopharmacology.
C)behavior therapy.
D)neurosurgery.
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Chapter 15: Treatment of Psychological Disorders
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262 Verified Questions
262 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) One's liking for a person is positively related to the time one spends with that individual.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Identify and describe three attributional biases and provide illustrative examples for each. Briefly explain how your knowledge of these biases might improve your ability to think critically and more accurately about your own behavior and that of others.
Q3) Offer three explanations for why people help others.Provide an example for each.
Q4) Tim's new roommate Jaxon leaves dirty laundry all over his room, and Tim assumes he must be a slob. Tim ignores the fact that Jaxon is currently studying for finals and working 30 hours per week. Tim is demonstrating:
A)the door-in-the-face effect.
B)the fundamental attribution error.
C)the self-serving bias.
D)diffusion of responsibility.
Q5) Attitudes are mainly genetic in origin.
A)True
B)False
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