Course Introduction
Psychology 101
Midterm Exam
Psychology 101 provides an introduction to the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. The course explores foundational concepts such as perception, learning, cognition, motivation, emotion, personality, development, and psychological disorders. Students examine key theories, research methods, and ethical principles in psychology, as well as the biological, social, and cultural influences on human behavior. Through lectures, discussions, and practical activities, students gain insight into both classic and contemporary issues in the field, preparing them for further study and helping them understand everyday human experiences.
Recommended Textbook
Psychology An Introduction 10th Edition by Benjamin Lahey
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17 Chapters
2789 Verified Questions
2789 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Psychology
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143 Verified Questions
143 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Using William James' analogy,the study of a flowing stream is like ______ as the study of individual water molecules is like ______.
A) functionalism;structuralism
B) structuralism;behaviorism
C) behaviorism;Gestalt psychology
D) Gestalt psychology;functionalism
Answer: A
Q2) Which of the following is a key term in the definition of psychology?
A) behavior
B) habit
C) introspection
D) induction
Answer: A
Q3) Applied psychologists conduct research in the basic areas of psychology,such as emotion,thinking,and learning.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 2: Research Methods in Psychology
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152 Verified Questions
152 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In a drug study,sometimes the pill with an inert substance (such as a sugar pill)may have an unintended effect.This is called the bias effect.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Given a list of numbers organized from the smallest to the largest,the number that divides the list of numbers exactly in half is called the A) average.
B) mean.
C) median.
D) middle point.
Answer: C
Q3) What is an advantage that formal experimentation has over other research strategies?
A) One may exert control over the influence of variables.
B) It provides a real-to-life experimental environment.
C) We do not need to be skeptical about its conclusions.
D) It is the most ethical method of research available.
Answer: A
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Biological Foundations in Behavior
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160 Verified Questions
160 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The peripheral system is comprised of the brain and spinal cord.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Which of the following accurately describes the effect of an inhibitory neurotransmitter?
A) It causes a neuron to depolarize.
B) It makes the cell membrane permeable to sodium ions.
C) It makes the cell membrane impermeable.
D) It decreases the chance of depolarization.
Answer: D
Q3) What is the name of the large bundle of axons that connect the two halves of the brain?
A) basal ganglia
B) cingulate gyrus
C) hypothalamus
D) corpus callosum
Answer: D
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5
Chapter 4: The Interplay of Nature and Nurture
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173 Verified Questions
173 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In collectivistic cultures,the emphasis is on the well-being of the family.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In adulthood,the larger cerebral cortex in men as compared to women is due to men having a greater volume of A) synapses.
B) gray matter.
C) white matter.
D) dendrites.
Q3) When college students are asked about the number of sexual partners desired over the next 30 years,
A) men reply to the survey question but most women refuse to answer the question.
B) women report a higher number of desired sexual partners than men.
C) there is no significant difference between men and women and the number of sexual partners desired.
D) men report a higher number of desired sexual partners than women.
Q4) Chinese parents praise their shy children.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Sensation and Perception
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176 Verified Questions
176 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The smallest intensity of a stimulus that is detected 50 % of the time is
A) Weber's law.
B) the sensory threshold.
C) the difference threshold.
D) the absolute threshold.
Q2) A/n ______ is a substance that inhibits the pain at gate neurons.
A) hormone
B) neurotransmitter
C) endorphin
D) neuropeptide
Q3) The process of receiving,translating,and transmitting messages from the outside world to the brain is called
A) sensation.
B) selective attention.
C) perception.
D) cognition.
Q4) Opponent-process theory helps us understand sound localization.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: States of Consciousness
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156 Verified Questions
156 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The sleep disorder of narcolepsy occurs when individuals
A) falls unexpectedly into a deep sleep in the middle of daily activities.
B) have difficulty falling asleep at the hour at which they would like.
C) wake up earlier than desired,sometimes several times a night.
D) stop breathing while they are sleeping.
Q2) A spontaneous state of consciousness that occurs when one experiences their own body becoming distorted or unreal in some way is referred to as
A) mantrafication.
B) mindfulness.
C) mesmerism.
D) depersonalization.
Q3) Mindfulness involves a state of being where a person
A) concentrates on how past events will predict future events.
B) is completely aware of what is going on at the present moment.
C) watches the behavior of others while ignoring their own behavior.
D) relaxes to the point of sleepiness by the repeated use of a mantra.
Q4) Body temperature follows a circadian rhythm.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Basic Principles of Learning
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178 Verified Questions
178 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In classical conditioning,an unlearned,inborn reaction to an unconditioned stimulus is a(n)
A) unconditioned stimulus.
B) conditioned stimulus.
C) unconditioned response.
D) conditioned response.
Q2) When every response is followed by a reinforcer,this is known as
A) stimulus generalization.
B) continuous reinforcement.
C) intermittent reinforcement.
D) extinction.
Q3) When we see someone else get rewarded for a particular behavior,what is likely to occur?
A) external disinhibition
B) indirect reinforcement
C) superstitious behavior
D) vicarious reinforcement
Q4) All changes in behavior are the result of learning.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Memory
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160 Verified Questions
160 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) One of the criticisms against the research on motivated forgetting is that
A) stressful events can cause forgetting by biological means.
B) case studies of motivated forgetting involved ordinary life events.
C) adults frequently fail to report traumatic childhood experiences.
D) the concept contradicts well-established principles of Freudian psychoanalysis.
Q2) Anterograde amnesia usually does not impact one's ability to acquire ______ memories but does disrupt the ability to form ______ memories.
A) procedural;semantic
B) procedural;episodic
C) semantic;episodic
D) semantic;procedural
Q3) Visual information is retained in the sensory register for about ______ of a second.
A) one-quarter
B) one-third
C) one-half
D) three-quarters
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Chapter 9: Cognition, Language, and Intelligence
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165 Verified Questions
165 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The term "adult" is sometimes used to defined as a person who is (1)18 years or older,and (2)has completed puberty,and (3)is financially independent.If a person had to have all three characteristics to qualify as an adult,the term "adult" could refer to a
A) disjunctive concept.
B) conjunctive concept.
C) prototypical category.
D) basic category.
Q2) The rules of language are called syntax.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Of the following,why are intelligence tests used?
A) to predict behavior
B) to categorize people
C) to measure expertise
D) to normalize society
Q4) General intelligence is a better predictor of breadth of knowledge than the depth of knowledge in any one area.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Developmental Psychology
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172 Verified Questions
172 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The first time a child possesses the ability of conservation occurs during the ______ stage of cognitive development.
A) concrete operations
B) sensorimotor
C) preoperational
D) formal operations
Q2) The more-or-less predictable changes in behavior associated with age characterize the process of
A) development.
B) socialization.
C) learning.
D) materialization.
Q3) What best distinguishes the infancy stage from other stages of development?
A) Physical growth is most rapid in the first year.
B) Cognitive growth is 5 times greater than in any other developmental stage.
C) Emotions are fully developed before the next developmental stage.
D) It is the only stage that has no emotional development.
Q4) The last stage of Kübler-Ross' death and dying theory is acceptance.
A)True
B)False
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Motivation and Emotion
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182 Verified Questions
182 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Among men,what percentage report that they have had sex with another male since puberty?
A) 0.9%
B) 9%
C) 19%
D) 29%
Q2) The belief that engaging in competitive sports or watching violent sports can lead to a reduction of violent behavior is compatible with
A) social learning theory.
B) frustration-aggression theory.
C) Freud's instinct theory.
D) Bandura's theory of aggression.
Q3) In the Watson and Tellegren model of emotion,what distinguishes fear from anger?
A) the higher negative emotional value of anger
B) situational factors
C) the type of physiological arousal
D) the higher positive emotional value of fear
Q4) Motivation refers to external stimuli that give direction to our actions.
A)True
B)False
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Personality Theories and Assessment
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180 Verified Questions
180 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Rogers,what are the two kinds of self-concept?
A) symbolized self and idealized self
B) subjective self and objective self
C) inner self and outer self
D) self and ideal self
Q2) The traits of extraversion and neuroticism
A) were validated by MRI studies.
B) were not validated by MRI studies.
C) have been validated using PET scans only.
D) showed lowered MRI scans indicating lower brain activity.
Q3) The id,left unchecked,would lead a person into trouble because of the pursuit of selfish and aggressive behavior.It is the responsibility of the ______ to keep the id in check.
A) secondary process
B) primary process
C) superego
D) ego
Q4) Carl Rogers's concept of the ideal self is very similar to Freud's ego ideal.
A)True
B)False
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Stress and Health
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145 Verified Questions
145 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Psychologists have identified a hard-driving,achievement-oriented,coronary-prone personality pattern.This pattern is called a __________ personality.
A) Type A
B) dissonant
C) hot
D) sensitizer
Q2) Which form of intercourse is the most common form for transmitting HIV?
A) homosexual
B) anal
C) oral
D) vaginal
Q3) Of the research studies that advocated lower fat diets,the most successful employed
A) pamphlets mailed to households.
B) work site training sessions.
C) free classes at local hospitals.
D) a multimedia nutrition campaign.
Q4) The most common means by which HIV is spread is through intravenous drug use.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 14: Abnormal Behavior
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187 Verified Questions
187 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a characteristic of all personality disorders?
A) The disorders do not bother the person who has them.
B) The disorders are difficult to treat.
C) The disorders begin in mid-adulthood.
D) The disorders do not bother other people.
Q2) Which personality disorder includes individuals who have no interest in social contact?
A) dependent personality disorder
B) narcissistic personality disorder
C) antisocial personality disorder
D) schizoid personality disorder
Q3) Sexual aversion disorder is a sexual disorder involving
A) lack of desire.
B) orgasm problems.
C) lack of arousal.
D) dyspareunia.
Q4) Exhibitionism is the practice of obtaining sexual pleasure by watching others undressing or engaging in sexual activities.
A)True
B)False
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Therapies
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137 Verified Questions
137 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The process of transcranial stimulation passes a strong magnetic field through parts of the frontal cortex.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Psychoanalysts believe that releasing pent-up emotions is a benefit of psychoanalysis.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What do free association and dream interpretation have in common?
A) They are part of client-centered therapy.
B) They were used by Freud to uncover unconscious thoughts.
C) They are used as an alternative to psychoanalysis.
D) They are part of all psychotherapies.
Q4) The process used by mental health professionals to help people with psychological problems is known as
A) behavior therapy.
B) psychotherapy.
C) psychoanalytic treatment.
D) drug therapy.
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Chapter 16: Social Psychology
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169 Verified Questions
169 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In social psychology,equity theory attempts to predict the A) degree of success in maintaining relationships.
B) required attribution levels to maintain relationships.
C) appropriate balance of predispositional and situational attributions.
D) the appropriate balance between primacy and recency factors in a relationship.
Q2) When the initial information that we receive about a person tends to dominate what we think about that person it is called the ________ effect.
A) evaluative
B) recency
C) primacy
D) central trait
Q3) Whereas group decisions are generally superior to individual decisions,there are some conditions under which the group can be faulty.The key factors are all but which of the following?
A) polarization of the group
B) cohesiveness of the group
C) size of the group
D) age of the group members
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18
Chapter 17: Psychology Applied to Business and Other
Professions
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154 Verified Questions
154 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Those psychologists who work in business are most often found in the ________ department.
A) marketing
B) consumer relations
C) personnel
D) production
Q2) Contrary to popular belief and images presented in films,
A) career criminals often fall for "good cop" and "bad cop" interrogation.
B) persons with low IQs do not give false confessions during interrogation.
C) lying persons blink more often than truth tellers.
D) lying persons blink less often than truth tellers
Q3) In the courtroom,first impressions are always best as far as presentation of courtroom evidence is concerned.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The field of human factors engineering is also sometimes called
A) transmodulation.
B) reverse engineering.
C) ergonomics.
D) trigonometrics.
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