Course Introduction
Psychological Science
Practice Questions
Psychological Science explores the systematic study of behavior and mental processes through scientific methods. This course introduces major concepts, theories, and research findings within the field of psychology, covering topics such as biological bases of behavior, cognition, learning, development, personality, social interactions, and psychological disorders. Students gain an understanding of how psychological principles are applied to real-world issues and learn how to critically evaluate psychological research. The aim is to provide a solid foundation for further study in psychology and related disciplines, nurturing scientific literacy and critical thinking skills.
Recommended Textbook
Understanding Psychology 12th Edition by Robert S. Feldman
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2428 Verified Questions
2428 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Beatriz has just received her doctoral degree in psychology.All else being equal,in which of the following settings is she most likely to find employment?
A)A college/university
B)The military
C)A hospital
D)A large business corporation
Answer: A
Q2) Dr.Ebrahim examines how children's friendships change through elementary and middle-school years.Dr.Ebrahim is a(n)_____ psychologist.
A)clinical
B)evolutionary
C)experimental
D)developmental
Answer: D
Q3) Consider the fields of evolutionary psychology,behavioral genetics,and clinical neuropsychology.Of these three fields,_____is the least specific in its focus. Answer: evolutionary psychology
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Chapter 2: Psychology Research
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139 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sometimes,to prevent participants from being influenced by what they think a study's true purpose is,investigators must engage in _____.
Answer: deception
Q2) In an experiment,the _____ variable is deliberately manipulated by the researcher. A)control B)dependent C)independent D)experimental
Answer: C
Q3) Miranda is statistically combining the results of all the published studies on the effects of the presence of a weapon on eyewitness accuracy.Miranda is performing a(n)_____.
Answer: meta-analysis
Q4) Systematic inquiry aimed at generating new knowledge is called_____ .
Answer: research
Q5) A(n)_____outcome is not due to chance.
Answer: significant
Q6) A(n)_____is a representative subset of a population. Answer: sample
Page 4
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Chapter 3: Neuroscience and Behavior
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149 Verified Questions
149 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The _____ is referred to as the "new brain."
A)hindbrain
B)limbic system
C)cerebral cortex
D)central core
Answer: C
Q2) According to the _____law,neurons are either on or off.
Answer: all-or-none
Q3) People whose corpus callosum has been surgically cut to stop seizures are called
A)deep-brain patients
B)dual brain patients
C)split-brain patients
D)bicameral patients
Answer: C
Q4) Extending from the medulla,through the midbrain,into the forebrain is the _____ ,which serves to regulate general bodily arousal.
Answer: reticular formation
Q5) New neurons are created even during adulthood,in a process called _____.
Answer: neurogenesis
5
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Chapter 4: Sensation and Perception
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Sample Questions
Q1) The human sense of smell permits us to detect _____ separate smells.
A)more than 10,000
B)1,000-10,000
C)100-1,000
D)10-100
Q2) _____ refers to the perception of messages about which we have no awareness.
A)Direct perception
B)Extrasensory perception
C)Subliminal perception
D)Haptic perception
Q3) Hearing a ring,you reach for your bag to retrieve your phone.At that instant,a nearby woman flips open her phone and begins talking.Looking at your silent bag,you realize you have failed to_____ the ringing sound correctly.
Q4) Nerve receptor cells for the skin senses are:
A)located at a uniform depth throughout the skin.
B)evenly distributed throughout the skin.
C)unevenly distributed throughout the skin.
D)not related to the sense of pressure.
Q5) Briefly explain subliminal perception.
Q6) _____is the characteristic that makes sound seem "high" or "low."
Page 6
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Chapter 5: States of Consciousness
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Sample Questions
Q1) Irv can't sleep,so he makes himself a cup of warm milk.Will this work?
A)No.He should instead buy some sleeping pills from the drug store.
B)No.It is just a myth that milk induces sleep.
C)Yes.Milk contains tryptophan,which promotes sleep.
D)Yes,but it will disrupt his sleep cycle.
Q2) Circadian rhythms are regulated by the_____ in the hypothalamus.
Q3) Which category of psychoactive drugs mentioned below is correctly matched with its effects on thought and behavior?
A)Hallucinogens - slow down the nervous system
B)Stimulants - increase the activity of the central nervous system
C)Narcotics - produce changes in sensory perception
D)Depressants - capable of producing hallucinations
Q4) Fawn consumed a large amount of the most popular street drug at a party.It gave her a sense of energy and alertness although she also became anxious and irritable.Which of the following drugs has she most likely consumed?
A)Heroin
B)Rohypnol
C)Marijuana
D)Methamphetamine
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Chapter 6: Learning
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following scenarios best exemplifies spontaneous recovery?
A)Alexis is a former cocaine user.Now that she no longer uses cocaine,her hands no longer shake and her heart no longer pounds when she hears a car pull into her drive,like her dealer used to do in his car.
B)Alexis uses cocaine.She no longer feels quite the same rush as she did when she first started using.
C)Alexis is a former cocaine user in recovery.After a relapse,though,her hands shake and her heart pounds when she hears a car pull into her drive,like her dealer used to do in his car.
D)Alexis uses cocaine.She finds that she is slowly losing her sense of smell.
Q2) A(n)_____ is a mental representation of spatial locations and directions.
A)algorithm
B)prototype
C)cognitive map
D)perceptual blueprint
Q3) _____is a decline in the behavioral response following repeated exposure to the same stimulus.
Q4) A stimulus that increases the probability that a preceding behavior will be repeated is termed a(n)_____.
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Chapter 7: Memory
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe working memory.
Q2) _____ is a phenomenon in which exposure to a word or concept later makes it easier to recall related information,even when there is no conscious memory of the word or concept.
A)Rehearsal
B)Priming
C)Chunking
D)Flashbulb
Q3) "I know it! It's um ...um ... ," begins a trivia-game contestant excitedly.The contestant is engaged in a test of her _____ memory.
A)external
B)explicit
C)internal
D)implicit
Q4) I was a second-semester freshman.I was eating fries in the college cafeteria when my friend Liz came up.She was wearing that plaid coat with her yellow skirt,along with that moss-green embroidered bag,the one with a Grecian urn embroidered on it.She told me the shuttle blew up.This is my memory of the 1986 Challenger disaster.
Q5) Describe the two sorts of interference that influence forgetting.
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Chapter 8: Cognition and Language
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is TRUE of heuristics?
A)In cases where algorithms are not available,we may use heuristics.
B)If applied appropriately,a heuristic guarantees a solution to a problem.
C)Heuristics never lead to errors.
D)Heuristics decrease the likelihood of success in finding a solution.
Q2) When you play tic-tac-toe using certain mental shortcuts,you are using cognitive strategies psychologists call:
A)algorithms.
B)mental sets.
C)heuristics.
D)syllogistic reasoning.
Q3) Nigel often cites newspaper editorials favoring the presidential candidate he supports.He appears to ignore editorials' criticism of the candidate.Nigel appears to be prone to:
A)functional fixedness.
B)mental set.
C)the confirmation bias.
D)the representativeness heuristic.
Q4) In the context of language acquisition,Skinner is to learning theory,what_____ is to nativism.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Intelligence
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Sample Questions
Q1) The first real intelligence tests were developed by:
A)Galton.
B)Binet.
C)Spearman.
D)Wechsler.
Q2) It has been found that in traditional IQ tests,blacks tend to score _____.
A)30 points lower than whites
B)10-15 points lower than whites
C)5 points higher than whites
D)the same as whites
Q3) _____ is associated with a theory of intelligence proposing eight or more distinct forms of intelligence.
Q4) The IQ of an intellectually gifted person is greater than or equal to_____ .
Q5) Knowledge of the internal aspects of oneself is termed _____.
A)naturalistic intelligence
B)interpersonal intelligence
C)intrapersonal intelligence
D)spatial intelligence
Q6) The _____ Adult Intelligence Scale is the most commonly used intelligence test in the United States.
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Chapter 10: Motivation and Emotion
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Sample Questions
Q1) Larissa is highly invested in initiating and maintaining relationships.She is high in the need for:
A)conformity.
B)assembly.
C)affiliation.
D)approval.
Q2) Meghan is bulimic.Which of the following statements is most likely to be accurate?
A)Meghan is more likely than other individuals of her age to be overweight.
B)Meghan is more likely than other individuals of her age to be underweight.
C)Meghan is neither more nor less likely than other individuals of her age to be overweight.
D)Meghan is probably seriously underweight.
Q3) To which of the following behaviors is the drive-reduction approach least applicable?
A)Sleeping extra hours after having disturbed sleep the previous day
B)Drinking a cola on a hot day
C)Having a snack
D)Studying long hours
Q4) _____is the body's tendency to maintain a steady internal state.
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Chapter 11: Sexuality and Gender
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ten-year-old Rowan does not play softball because he thinks it is a girls' sport.Which of the following would have helped Rowan make this evaluation?
A)Gray ceiling
B)Feminism
C)Gender schema
D)Glass cliff
Q2) Which of the following is TRUE of homosexuality and bisexuality?
A)There is no relationship between sexual orientation and hormones.
B)Compared with heterosexual men or women,gay men have a smaller anterior commissure.
C)There is no relationship between sexual orientation and psychological adjustment.
D)Bisexuals and homosexuals hold equivalent ranges and types of attitudes about themselves that are dependent on their sexual orientation.
Q3) _____is the negative attitudes and behavior toward a person that are based on that person's gender.
Q4) Alfred _____conducted pioneering research on Americans' sexual behavior.
Q5) The most widespread STI in the United States is _____.
Q6) The point at which an egg is released from the ovaries is called_____ .
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Chapter 12: Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) Rebecca takes her 1-year-old son,Adam,to visit an infant-toddler program in which she hopes to enroll him.Adam appears very anxious and is unwilling to explore and play with the toys,even though Rebecca is close by.When Rebecca leaves the room to fill out some forms,Adam becomes extremely upset and remains inconsolable.When Rebecca returns,Adam stays close to her,holding onto her leg.However,Adam makes it very clear he does not want her to touch him or pick him up.In fact,he starts kicking and hitting her.In the context of the findings of Mary Ainsworth,which term best describes Adam's attachment style?
A)Patriarchal
B)Ambivalent
C)Avoidant
D)Secure
Q2) How does the reality of late adulthood differ from the stereotypes of aging imparted by Western culture? Make reference to patterns of physical,cognitive,and social development in your answer.
Q3) Discuss three remedies to overcome infertility.
Q4) A condition in which children show some but not all of the effects of fetal alcohol syndrome is called _____.
Q5) Unlearned automatic responses to particular stimuli are called_____ .
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Chapter 13: Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Because of federal legislation,race norming on tests such as the General Aptitude Test Battery:
A)was discontinued in the 1970s.
B)continues today.
C)was discontinued in the early 1990s.
D)was reinstated in the 1980s.
Q2) In order to protect herself from experiencing anxiety,Nancy is attributing her own unacceptable aggressive impulses to another individual.Nancy is using a(n):
A)self-actualization principle.
B)fixation process.
C)defense mechanism.
D)preconscious process.
Q3) Which of the following stages of psychosexual development is correctly matched with a key task or term?
A)Oral-weaning
B)Anal-Oedipal conflict
C)Phallic-toilet training
D)Genital-identification
Q4) Adler proposed that the primary human motivation is a striving for _____.
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Chapter 14: Health Psychology: Stress, Coping, and Well-Being
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Sample Questions
Q1) Joan is gentle,friendly,laid-back,and cooperative; she displays a(n)_____behavior pattern.
Q2) Stress may impair our production of disease-fighting white blood cells called: A)leukocytes.
B)lymphocytes.
C)monocytes.
D)hemocytes.
Q3) Overall,the set point for happiness is _____ and it is determined:
A)relatively high; at least partly by genetics
B)rather low; at least partly by genetics
C)relatively high; almost wholly by the environment
D)rather low; almost wholly by the environment
Q4) In relation to the gender differences in happiness,which of the following statements is most accurate?
A)Men and women are generally made happy by same sorts of activities.
B)Men and women are made happy by the same things.
C)Men and women are made happy by few of the same things.
D)Men and women are made happy by different things.
Q5) One in _____U.S.deaths is attributable to smoking cigarettes.
Q6) Commitment,challenge,and control are the three Cs of _____. Page 16
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Chapter 15: Psychological Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is TRUE of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fifth Edition (DSM-5),and culture?
A)DSM provides the final word on psychological disorders.
B)Psychological disorders are different among cultures.
C)Psychological disorders are universally found in all cultures.
D)DSM is seldom a creation and function of Western cultures.
Q2) Describe the major changes to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fifth Edition,(DSM-5).
Q3) The common thread among dissociative disorders is that:
A)they allow people to escape from some anxiety-producing situation.
B)people suffering from these disorders experience a significant loss of memory.
C)they involve an actual physical disturbance,such as the inability to see or hear.
D)people suffering from these disorders leave their home to lead a life of anonymity.
Q4) What makes a behavior or thought abnormal? Discuss some of the criteria used to judge abnormality in behavior.
Q5) A person who overeats 12 times in three months can be considered to be suffering from _____ disorder.
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Chapter 16: Treatment of Psychological Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) One of the most controversial treatments in the field of psychology is electroconvulsive therapy.Briefly describe its illustrious history and if it is still used today.What are the justifications for using this type of treatment?
Q2) Which type of antidepressant is matched with the correct neurotransmitter action?
A)Tricyclics-increase activity of neurotransmitter GABA
B)SSRIs-prevent neurotransmitter breakdown
C)MAO inhibitors-increase norepinephrine
D)SSRIs-inhibit reuptake of serotonin
Q3) Eli's client-centered therapist clarifies and reflects back Eli's remarks.The therapist is using a technique known as _____.
Q4) College students in counseling are treated in only _____ sessions on average.
A)three
B)five
C)ten
D)twelve
Q5) Many newer antidepressants are selective_____ reuptake inhibitors.
Q6) One form of psychosurgery used today is _____,performed occasionally to treat cases of obsessive-compulsive disorder.
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Chapter 17: Social Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) The intentional injury of,or harm to,another person is called_____ .
Q2) According to Sternberg,the _____ component of love includes the motivational drives relating to sex,physical closeness,and romance.
A)intimacy
B)passion
C)decision
D)closeness
Q3) Which of the following statements is TRUE of the Implicit Association Test?
A)The test is based on questions such as,"Would you prefer interacting with a member of Group X rather than Group Y?" that typically identify the most blatant prejudices.
B)The test makes use of the fact that people's automatic reactions often provide the most valid indicator of what they actually believe.
C)The test was developed in part,as a reaction to the frank and uncensored responses of people regarding their racial attitudes.
D)The test proves that people cannot be prejudiced if they do not know that they are engaged in it.
Q4) Distinguish between the central and peripheral routes to persuasion.
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Page 20