Psychological Science
Mock Exam
Course Introduction
Psychological Science is an introductory course that explores the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Through examining foundational theories and contemporary research, students gain an understanding of core topics such as perception, cognition, learning, memory, emotion, development, personality, and social behavior. The course emphasizes scientific methodology, critical thinking, and ethical considerations as students analyze how psychological research is conducted and applied to real-world issues. By the end of the course, students develop a foundational knowledge of psychological concepts and the tools necessary to evaluate psychological information critically.
Recommended Textbook psychology concepts and connections brief version 9th edition by spencer a. rathus
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Page 2
Chapter 1: What Is Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Psychoanalysis differs from structuralism, functionalism, and behaviorism in that it is also a method of
A)scientific inquiry.
B)introspection.
C)self-knowledge.
D)psychotherapy.
Answer: D
Q2) Dr. Jacobi is studying the effects of bilingualism on the intellectual development of children. She wants to know whether learning both English and Spanish simultaneously or sequentially impedes or enhances intelligence scores in both languages. Most likely, Dr. Jacobi follows a __________ perspective.
A)psychoanalytic
B)humanistic
C)gestalt
D)sociocultural
Answer: D
Q3) __________ are formulations of apparent relationships among observed events. Answer: Theories
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3
Chapter 2: Biology and Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Certain behaviors may have a genetic component if
A)they are shared by close blood relatives.
B)they are not shared by close blood relatives.
C)only parents share the trait.
D)none of these are true
Answer: A
Q2) Glial cells are neurons that remove dead neurons and waste products from the nervous system.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) During his rain storm experiment, Luigi Galvani discovered that A)electricity is easily conducted by metal.
B)lightning overcooks frogs.
C)neural impulses that travel along neurons are electrochemical in nature.
D)neural impulses are only electrical in nature.
Answer: C
Q4) Language areas of the cortex usually lie in the ______ hemisphere. Answer: left
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Chapter 3: Sensation and Perception
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Sample Questions
Q1) The vestibular sense helps us to maintain our
A)kinesthesis.
B)balance.
C)perception.
D)sense of humor.
Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following are classified as chemical senses?
A)Smell and taste
B)Smell and olfactory sense
C)Smell and vestibular sense
D)Taste and kinesthesis
Answer: A
Q3) The axons of the __________ make up the optic nerve, which exits the eye at the __________.
A)bipolar cells; fovea
B)ganglion cells; blind spot
C)bipolar cell; blind spot
D)horizontal cells; fovea
Answer: B
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Consciousness
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe Freud's three levels of consciousness and include a specific example for each level.
Q2) Monica is talking to her friend at a loud party. From across the crowded, noisy room she somehow hears her name being mentioned. This is known as the
A)selective consciousness.
B)cocktail party effect.
C)self-awareness effect.
D)egocentric attention.
Q3) The treatment for narcolepsy involves the use of stimulants and antidepressant drugs.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Certain kinds of stimuli have been found to capture people's attention more easily than others. Among these are __________ stimuli.
A)intense
B)novel
C)repetitive
D)all of these
Q5) The most common sleep disorder is ________.
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Chapter 5: Learning
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Sample Questions
Q1) Gradually exposing someone to fear-inducing stimuli while they are in a relaxed state is called
A)systematic desensitization.
B)flooding.
C)extinction therapy.
D)reverse conditioning.
Q2) B.F. Skinner designed an educational practice based on operant conditioning. This practice worked on the assumption that complex tasks that involve conceptual learning along with motor skills can be broken down into small steps. This design was called
A)programmed learning.
B)operant learning.
C)motor learning.
D)conceptual learning.
Q3) Tolman showed that rats can learn about their environment without reinforcement. His research illustrated the difference between A)learning and performance.
B)learning and mapping.
C)goals and learning.
D)association and reinforcement.
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Memory: Remembrance of Things Past-And Future
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Q1) In terms of serial position, short-term memory is to _____ as long-term memory is to _____.
A)primacy; recency
B)recency; primacy
C)capacity; duration
D)duration; capacity
Q2) Atkinson and Shiffrin proposed the three stages of memory referred to as
A)episodic, semantic, and implicit.
B)sensory, semantic, and implicit.
C)short-term, near-term, and long-term.
D)sensory, short-term, and long-term.
Q3) The memory that tends to fail when we are feeling stressed, distracted, and preoccupied is called
A)implicit memory.
B)semantic memory.
C)prospective memory.
D)episodic memory.
Q4) The two types of interference are __________ and _________ interference.
Page 8
Q5) How accurate is eyewitness testimony? If you were on a jury and all you had as evidence was eyewitness testimony, what would you do?
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Chapter 7: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence
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Sample Questions
Q1) When we assess the differences between our current situation and our goals to reduce the discrepancy, we are employing ___________ analysis.
Q2) Cooing is to ______ as holophrase is to ________.
A)linguistic; prelinguistic
B)prelinguistic; linguistic
C)vocal; nonvocal
D)nonvocal; vocal
Q3) Maria is 5 years old. Her mother is nurturing and affirming. She encourages Maria's independence and provides appropriate play materials and varied activities. What effect can this have on Maria's IQ score?
A)The score will increase.
B)The score will decrease.
C)The score will not change.
D)Maria is too young to take an IQ test.
Q4) Experts use __________ processing to solve problems.
Q5) To answer multiple-choice questions, one should use convergent thinking.
A)True
B)False
Q6) __________ refers to the fact that the sounds of a language have meaning.
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Motivation and Emotion
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Sample Questions
Q1) The phases of the sexual response cycle include all except which of the following?
A)Foreplay
B)Resolution
C)Plateau
D)Orgasm
Q2) At a point referred to as __________, a fat deficiency in fat cells is communicated to the hypothalamus and triggers the hunger drive.
A)set point
B)sham feeding
C)satiety
D)high fat ratio
Q3) Sound weight control programs involve all of the following except
A)exercise to burn calories.
B)set strict weight loss goals to speed up the process.
C)substitute low-calorie, low-fat foods for high-calorie, high-fat foods.
D)avoid places or situations that are likely to weaken your will power.
Q4) The _____ theory is consistent with the facial-feedback theory.
Q5) The hormone _____ has been shown to influence aggressive behavior.
Q6) The sexual response cycle consists of ______, ______, ______, and ______.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: The Voyage Through the Life Span
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Sample Questions
Q1) Older adults are not interested in sex. This statement is A)supported by scientific research.
B)a myth regarding sexuality in older age.
C)true for those individuals without partners.
D)a double standard.
Q2) The physical changes in women that affect sex are related to A)lack of available partners.
B)lack of vaginal lubrication.
C)a decline in estrogen production.
D)thinning of vaginal walls.
Q3) Physical development in middle adulthood is marked by A)rapid decline.
B)holding at a plateau.
C)gradual, minor decline.
D)substantial loss in stamina.
Q4) Describe Erik Erikson's stages of cognitive development associated with childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Provide examples.
Q5) Kübler-Ross lists five stage of dying. They are _____, _____,_____,_____, and _____.
Q6) Erikson's theory is based on the effect _____ have on our development.
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Personality: Theory and Measurement
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Freud, __________ causes boys who are about five years old to repress their sexual feelings.
A)the pressure from teachers at school
B)the fact that they are too young to have sexual feelings
C)the pressure of desiring their mother and being jealous of their father
D)breast feeding
Q2) Trait theories are to _____ as behaviorist theories are to _____.
A)experience; heritability
B)heritability; biology
C)external factors; internal factors
D)heritability; environmental influences
Q3) Excessive hand-washing may be an indication of an
A)Oedipus complex.
B)anal fixation.
C)Electra complex.
D)oral fixation.
Q4) Eysenck differentiated two personality traits called introversion-extraversion and
Q5) Learning theorists have emphasized observable variables, so psychology is accepted as a _____.
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Chapter 11: Stress, Health, and Coping
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ted has been under stress for a long time. His heart rate is low, his muscles are fatigued, and his body is depleted of the resources he needs to fight the stress. According to Selye, Ted has entered the ________ stage of the GAS.
Q2) Edward's professor told him that his first paper could have been shorter in length. Edward becomes very concerned because now he realizes that he does not know how to write papers and will definitely fail this class. This is an example of A)imbibing.
B)imbuing.
C)catastrophizing.
D)impetuous behavior.
Q3) _______ are among the most common stress-related physical ailments.
A)Allergic reactions
B)Traumas
C)Yawns
D)Headaches
Q4) One of the simplest ways to combat stress, prevent depression, and promote fitness is to ________ regularly.
Q5) ________ is the most frequent type of headache experienced by people.
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Chapter 12: Psychological Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is correct concerning diagnoses of depression?
A)Men and women are diagnosed with depression at equal rates.
B)Older men are two times more likely to be diagnosed with depression than older women.
C)Men are three times more likely than women to be diagnosed with depression.
D)Women are about two times more likely than men to be diagnosed with depression.
Q2) Childhood experiences that contribute to maladaptive ways of relating to others in adulthood can lead to
A)personality disorder.
B)eating disorder.
C)schizophrenia.
D)posttraumatic stress disorder.
Q3) The anxiety disorders include _________, ________, _________, _____-_____, and _________ disorders.
Q4) Describe four different types of anxiety disorders.
Q5) Research conducted by learning theorists has found links between depression and _____.
Q6) Discuss the three main types of schizophrenia.
Q7) Discuss six criteria for abnormal behavior and give examples of each.
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Methods of Therapy
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Sample Questions
Q1) Bonnie chose to see her successes as luck and her failures as personal incompetence. Beck would call Bonnie's behavior
A)generalization.
B)selective perception.
C)magnification.
D)absolutist thinking.
Q2) Biological treatments such as psychoactive substances generally target the activity of _________ in the brain.
A)hemispheres
B)neurotransmitters
C)diseases
D)blood flow
Q3) According to Freud, __________ represent(s) aggressive and sexual impulses in a way that varies with one's cultural background.
A)dreams
B)lifestyles
C)superego
D)ego
Q4) Compare and contrast psychoanalysis and client-centered therapy.
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Chapter 14: Social Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Dropping bombs is more acceptable than hand-to-hand combat because of what social psychologists call A)rationalizations. B)buffers.
C)time zones.
D)size differential.
Q2) The first time that Timko saw a certain pickup truck, he immediately liked the way it performed. Later, he learned that its performance was good, but not as good as he had first thought. His initial attitude, by which he judged later ideas about the car, is what social psychologists call a A)frontal cognition.
B)conservative attitude.
C)cognitive attitude.
D)cognitive anchor.
Q3) When functioning as the member of a group, __________ or a state of reduced self-awareness and lowered concern for social evaluation, can occur.
Q4) Why do some people help while others do not? Cite relevant research to support your answer.
Q5) The ________ hypothesis would dispute the saying, "Opposites attract."
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Chapter 15: Psychology and Human Behavior
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Sample Questions
Q1) The _______ is responsible for the recording of incoming light waves.
A)retina
B)lens
C)optic nerve
D)cornea
Q2) Charles Spearman used the _____ symbol to represent broad reasoning and problem-solving abilities.
A)g
B)IQ
C)s
D)gs
Q3) According to psychoanalysis, information that can be brought into awareness by focusing one's attention is stored in the A)unconscious.
B)preconscious.
C)nonconscious.
D)conscience.
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Chapter 16: Psychology and Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Prejudice is to discrimination as
A)belief is to action.
B)denial is to stereotype.
C)action is to prejudgment.
D)response is to perception.
Q2) Behavior therapy employs the principles of _______ to modify problem behaviors.
A)empathy
B)transference
C)integration
D)learning
Q3) Individuals who are the same age and experience similar societal events are known as
A)comrades.
B)societal siblings.
C)cohorts.
D)all of these
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