Psychological Assessment Review
Questions
Course Introduction
Psychological Assessment is a course that explores the principles, methods, and applications of assessing individual differences in psychological functioning. Students will learn about standardized testing, interview techniques, behavioral observations, and the ethical considerations involved in the assessment process. The course covers various domains such as intelligence, personality, neuropsychological functioning, and psychopathology. Emphasis is placed on the selection, administration, scoring, and interpretation of psychological tests, as well as understanding cultural and contextual factors that may influence assessments. By the end of the course, students will have foundational skills necessary for the responsible and effective use of psychological assessment tools in clinical, educational, and organizational settings.
Recommended Textbook
Personality Psychology Domains of Knowledge About Human Nature
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20 Chapters
1476 Verified Questions
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Page 2
6th Edition by Randy Larsen
Chapter 1: Introduction to Personality Psychology
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62 Verified Questions
62 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) If one describes Juan as possessive or Anita as friendly,he or she is using:
A)trait-descriptive adjectives.
B)inner psychological states.
C)strategies to attain goals.
D)inner qualities of personality.
Answer: A
Q2) Keith has a fear of heights,and he discourages his friends from bungee jumping.He quotes several incidents in which people have been seriously injured while performing the act.In the context of person-environment interaction,this scenario most likely exemplifies _____.
A)manipulation
B)perception
C)adaptation
D)evocation
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: Personality Assessment, Measurement, and Research Design
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85 Verified Questions
85 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Projective techniques are considered T-data for all of these reasons EXCEPT that:
A)all participants are given the same instructions during a testing session.
B)all persons are presented with a standard testing situation.
C)stimuli are ambiguous for all the participants in a study.
D)a test situation elicits behaviors that are thought to reveal personality.
Answer: C
Q2) Which of the following pieces of information is NOT needed to establish statistical significance in an experimental design?
A)The mean
B)The standard deviation
C)The alpha coefficient
D)The sample size
Answer: C
Q3) The process of random assignment helps to ensure:
A)statistical significance.
B)good counterbalancing.
C)equivalence.
D)fairness.
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: Traits and Trait Taxonomies
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT a clear advantage of the Wiggins circumplex model of personality?
A)The relationship of each trait and every other trait within the model is specified.
B)It provides an explicit definition of interpersonal behavior.
C)It alerts researchers to gaps in investigations of interpersonal behavior.
D)The relationships between traits can be traced to biologically based traits.
Answer: D
Q2) Jerry is a loner,and he likes to catch flies and pull their wings off.He is also addicted to violent movies.According to Hans Eysenck's personality taxonomy,Jerry is most likely to score high on the personality trait of:
A)introversion.
B)psychoticism.
C)sensation seeking.
D)neuroticism.
Answer: B
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Chapter 4: Theoretical and Measurement Issues in Trait Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) _____ is the process of adding up,or averaging,several single observations,resulting in a better (i.e. ,more reliable)measure of a personality trait than a single observation of behavior.
A)Situational selection
B)Evocation
C)Manipulation
D)Aggregation
Q2) In the context of stability over time,identify a true statement about personality traits?
A)Stability in an underlying trait implies that the manifestation of that trait remains stable over time.
B)The traits of impulsiveness tend to intensify with age.
C)Attitudes and interests are less stable over time.
D)Personality traits that are thought to have a biological basis tend to be highly unstable over time.
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Chapter 5: Personality Dispositions Over Time: Stability,
Coherence, and Change
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Sample Questions
Q1) A form of personality development that is characterized by an individual maintaining rank order in relation to other individuals but changing the manifestations of the trait is called:
A)mean level stability.
B)rank order stability.
C)personality coherence.
D)mean level change.
Q2) Freud's theory of psychosexual development is an example of personality change at the _____ level of analysis.
A)population
B)group differences
C)individual differences
D)individual uniqueness
Q3) In the context of changes in personality traits with age,empirical clues suggest that:
A)men tend to become more ambitious with increasing age.
B)men tend to become more independent with increasing age.
C)women tend to become less competent with age.
D)impulsivity and sensation seeking increase with age.
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Chapter 6: Genetics and Personality
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90 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Willerman (1979),a problem with attempting to study the effects of nonshared environments is that:
A)there are so many environmental variables that exert an impact on personality that each variable alone might account only for a tiny fraction of the variance.
B)the nonshared environmental effects on each child in a family are too subtle to analyze using current methods.
C)the effects of shared family environments interfere with the effects of nonshared family environments.
D)the equal environments assumption is violated by variables attributable to nonshared family environment.
Q2) Behavioral geneticists can examine twins who have been misdiagnosed as identical or fraternal to test:
A)shared environments.
B)selective breeding.
C)genotype-environment correlation.
D)the validity of the equal environments assumption.
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Chapter 7: Physiological Approaches to Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Phineas Gage's personality became _____ after he was injured by an iron rod that was blasted through his brain while he was working as a railway builder.
A)agreeable and conscientious
B)obstinate and capricious
C)extraverted and neurotic
D)extraordinarily conventional
Q2) According to Cloninger's tridimensional personality model,the trait of novelty seeking is _____.
A)based on low levels of norepinephrine
B)associated with abnormalities in serotonin metabolism
C)based on low levels of dopamine
D)associated with high levels of monoamine oxidase
Q3) According to Hebb,there is a(n)_____ level of arousal for every task that will lead to the highest level of performance for each individual.
A)marginal
B)optimal
C)maximal
D)progressive
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Chapter 8: Evolutionary Perspectives on Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Research that shows that group cohesion increases when resources or survival depend on group membership helps support the idea:
A)of sexual selection.
B)that humans have a strong need to belong.
C)of survival selection.
D)that humans have evolved universal emotions.
Q2) Psychopathy may be an effective strategy for some people in the population to be reproductively successful based on the _____ theory.
A)frequency-dependent
B)mental health
C)double-shot
D)individual differences
Q3) In some contexts,two or more heritable variants can evolve within a population.This is called:
A)frequency-dependent selection.
B)adaptive self-assessment.
C)xenophobia.
D)the double-shot hypothesis.
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Chapter 9: Psychoanalytic Approaches to Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the context of Sigmund Freud's dynamics of personality,which of the following is a characteristic of moral anxiety?
A)It occurs when there is a direct conflict between the id and the ego.
B)It is caused when the ego loses control over an unacceptable desire of the id.
C)It is caused by a conflict between the ego and the superego.
D)It occurs in response to a real,external threat to a person.
Q2) Sigmund Freud published his first solo-authored book,The Interpretation of Dreams,in:
A)1900.
B)1885.
C)1910.
D)1925.
Q3) In the context of Sigmund Freud's dynamics of personality,which of the following is a characteristic of objective anxiety?
A)There is a direct conflict between the id and the superego.
B)There is a conflict between the ego and the superego.
C)The control of the ego is being threatened by an external factor.
D)The control of the ego is being threatened by an unacceptable desire of the iD.
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Chapter 10: Psychoanalytic Approaches: Contemporary Issues
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following terms does NOT describe an attachment style identified by Ainsworth?
A)Secure
B)Avoidant
C)Ambivalent
D)Separated
Q2) One of the main factors that might influence people to have false memories is the:
A)advances in psychoanalytic therapy.
B)availability of books on sensitive topics in the popular press.
C)new types of memory-enhancing drugs.
D)recent findings in hypnosis research.
Q3) According to ego psychology,which of the following is seen as the primary function of the ego?
A)Responding to the demands of the id
B)Establishing a secure identity
C)Shifting focus from the id to the superego
D)Upholding social values and ideals
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Motives and Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements about empathy is supported by research?
A)Empathy is moderately heritable.
B)Empathy can be taught effectively.
C)It is easier to teach empathy to women than men.
D)All of the answers are correct.
Q2) _____ refers to the objective features of an environment.
A)Alpha press
B)Beta press
C)A need
D)A motive
Q3) Heckhausen (1982)suggests that when setting challenging standards for a child to promote achievement motivation,parents should _____.
A)emphasize the child's ability over his or her effort
B)set a goal that exceeds the child's abilities
C)instill a fear of failure
D)reward the child when a goal is attained
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Chapter 12: Cognitive Topics in Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the court,Amadou Diallo was shot by police officers:
A)because he perceived them as a threat.
B)because he shot at them.
C)because of cognitive errors in the officers' perception.
D)All of the answers are correct.
Q2) According to Herman Witkin (1977),which of the following college majors is most likely to be favored by field-dependent students?
A)Math
B)Engineering
C)The social sciences
D)The natural sciences
Q3) Personal Projects Analysis often addresses:
A)the likelihood that goals will be met.
B)the difficulty of meeting the selected goals.
C)the personal importance of goals.
D)All of the answers are correct.
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14
Chapter 13: Emotion and Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the dimensional view,emotions define a common dimension when they:
A)have similar facial expressions.
B)serve similar functions.
C)occur together in experience.
D)are rated as feeling distinct.
Q2) Correlational studies have:
A)provided evidence of a direct effect of personality on happiness.
B)provided evidence of an indirect effect of personality on happiness.
C)shown that high extraversion and low neuroticism are associated with happiness.
D)shown that personality type causes happiness.
Q3) Mood variability is a component of:
A)Type A personality.
B)affect intensity.
C)extraversion.
D)anxiety.
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15
Chapter 14: Approaches to the Self
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Sample Questions
Q1) People who are socially anxious:
A)are less likely to ask for help.
B)are often perceived as unfriendly.
C)do not want to have friends.
D)are less likely to ask for help and are often perceived as unfriendly.
Q2) Jennifer,a 35-year-old successful businesswoman and a mother,is offered a senior role at work.The role comes with a hefty paycheck,but it also requires her to move to a new city for five years.She would have to leave her family behind,especially her 2-year-old daughter,and miss out on her daughter's early childhood years.Jennifer loves her job as well as her family and finds it extremely difficult to make this important decision.In the context of Roy Baumeister's concept of identity crises,Jennifer is most likely experiencing _____ in this scenario.
A)an identity deficit
B)an identity conflict
C)the third variable problem
D)the directionality problem
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Chapter 15: Personality and Social Interaction
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following plays a central role in what people worldwide look for in a long-term mate?
A)Political ideology
B)Personality characteristics
C)Health
D)Good looks
Q2) Aggressive people tend to evoke _____ from others.
A)hostility
B)submission
C)understanding
D)praise
Q3) People consider personality traits mostly when they _____ friends.
A)manipulate
B)evoke
C)select
D)argue with
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Chapter 16: Sex,Gender,and Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) The term _____ is best defined as beliefs about how men and women differ or are supposed to differ,in contrast to what the actual differences are.
A)sex differences
B)gender differences
C)adaptive problems
D)gender stereotypes
Q2) The d statistic is used to express:
A)a difference in standard deviation units.
B)the standard deviation of a sample.
C)the mean difference between samples.
D)a difference score between two samples.
Q3) Research on sex discrimination has found that:
A)discrimination always favors men.
B)women are quoted higher prices than men for exactly the same car.
C)women are more likely to be recommended for coronary bypass surgery.
D)women authors are more likely to get negative reviews.
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Chapter 17: Culture and Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) People who live in extremely hot desert climates wear lightweight,loose robes,and large-brimmed hats.This best exemplifies:
A)transmitted culture.
B)cultural universals.
C)evoked culture.
D)elicited culture.
Q2) Worldwide,people tend to regard men as having personalities that are more _____ than women.
A)affectionate
B)arrogant
C)fearful
D)appreciative
Q3) According to Nisbett,honor is most important in:
A)cultures with lower-variance foods.
B)cultures with high-variance foods.
C)agricultural cultures.
D)herding cultures.
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Chapter 18: Stress,Coping,Adjustment,and Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the context of the lethal component of the Type A behavior pattern,people in hostility are _____.
A)necessarily violent
B)outwardly aggressive
C)likely to react disagreeably to disappointments
D)highly likely to be assertive and demanding of others
Q2) Which of the following is a subtrait of Type A personality?
A)Self-handicapping
B)Rationalization
C)Defensive pessimism
D)Time urgency
Q3) Having too much to do all the time,having to fight the crowds while shopping,getting stuck regularly in heavy traffic,having to wait in lines all the time,having an unpleasant boss at work,having a long commute,and having to worry over money are all examples of:
A)daily hassles.
B)major life events.
C)attributional style.
D)emotional inhibition.
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Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a key characteristic of schizoid people?
A)They love being praised for their accomplishments.
B)They exhibit excessive attention-seeking behavior.
C)They fear being abandoned in relationships.
D)They often appear inept or socially clumsy.
Q2) Which of the following statements best describes the narcissistic paradox?
A)Although narcissists score high on irresponsibility,their irresponsible behavior leads to innovation.
B)Although narcissists have high self-esteem,their grandiose self-esteem is actually quite fragile.
C)Although narcissists refrain from sexually provocative behavior,they are highly comfortable in intimate relationships.
D)Although narcissists are characterized by instability,they actually have satisfying relationships.
Q3) Which of the following is a key characteristic of dependent persons?
A)They have an excessive need to be taken care of.
B)They exhibit an excessive attention-seeking behavior.
C)They show devotion to work at the expense of leisure and friendships.
D)They give utmost importance to physical appearance.
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Page 21
Chapter 20: Summary and Future Directions
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Sample Questions
Q1) The _____ domain concerns the aspects of personality that are stable and that make people different from each other.
A)adjustment
B)dispositional
C)social and cultural
D)cognitive/experiential
Q2) To gain an understanding of the complete picture of human personality,psychologists should:
A)work together as a team to gain an understanding of the human nature level of personality.
B)be systematic in their approach,use diverse methods and approaches of study,and communicate clearly with each other.
C)build upon the foundation of knowledge developed by researchers who are investigating the intrapsychic domain.
D)continue to work in even narrower specialty areas within personality psychology.
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