Psychobiology Practice Exam
Course Introduction
Psychobiology is an interdisciplinary course that explores the complex interactions between biological processes and behavior. It examines how the brain, nervous system, hormones, and genetics influence psychological functions such as perception, emotion, learning, and motivation. Through an integration of neuroscience, psychology, and physiology, students gain insight into topics like brain structure and function, neurotransmitter activity, the biological basis of mental disorders, and the impact of the environment on biological systems. The course combines theoretical foundations with current research developments, allowing students to understand how biological mechanisms underpin human thought, feeling, and behavior.
Recommended Textbook
Discovering Behavioral Neuroscience 3rd Edition by Laura Freberg
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
16 Chapters
2682 Verified Questions
2682 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1345
Page 2
Chapter 1: What Is Behavioral Neuroscience
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
149 Verified Questions
149 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26816
Sample Questions
Q1) Traditionally,electroencephalography (EEG)is most commonly used to study
A)emotion.
B)psychopathology.
C)states of consciousness and epilepsy.
D)learning and memory.
Answer: C
Q2) Although phrenology is mostly wrong,what did phrenologists get right about the nervous system?
A)The ventricles play a major role in the transmission of messages in the brain.
B) Sensation and movement have separate pathways.
C) Neurons communicate using electrical signals.
D) Some functions can be localized in the brain.
Answer: D
Q3) The technology illustrated in this figure allows researchers to
A)research the magnetic output of the brain.
B) research the electrical output of the brain.
C) identify areas of the brain that have been lesioned.
D) identify the effects of magnetic stimulation of the brain.
Answer: A
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 3
Chapter 2: Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
187 Verified Questions
187 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26817
Sample Questions
Q1) The two cerebral hemispheres are connected by the
A)anterior commissure and the corpus callosum.
B)anterior and medial commissures.
C)medial commissure and the corpus callosum.
D)arcuate fasciculus and the corpus callosum.
Answer: A
Q2) The caudate nucleus,globus pallidus,putamen,and subthalamic nucleus make up the
A)hypothalamus.
B)reticular formation.
C)basal ganglia.
D)limbic system.
Answer: C
Q3) The ________ is the most caudal portion of the brain,and is a gradual swelling of tissue that likes above the cervical spine.
A)medulla
B)cerebellum
C)pons
D)reticular formation
Answer: A
Page 4
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 3: Neurophysiology: the Structure and Functions of the
Cells of the Nervous System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
177 Verified Questions
177 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26818
Sample Questions
Q1) The resting potential of neurons
A)is always -70 mV.
B) can range from -70 to -110 mV.
C)can range from -40 to -80 mV.
D)is always +40 mV.
Answer: C
Q2) Channels that open when they come in contact with specific chemicals are known as
A)sodium-potassium pumps.
B)ligand-gated channels.
C)voltage-dependent channels.
D)phospholipids pumps.
Answer: B
Q3) Compared with unmyelinated axons,myelinated axons
A)use more energy to transmit a neural message.
B) have wider nodes of Ranvier.
C) have narrower nodes of Ranvier.
D) use less energy to transmit a neural message.
Answer: D
Page 5
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 4: Psychopharmacology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
171 Verified Questions
171 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26819
Sample Questions
Q1) LSD produces its effects by stimulating the release of GABA.
A)True
B)False
Q2) MDMA (ecstasy)produces its effects by influencing the activity of
A)serotonin and oxytocin.
B)dopamine and norepinephrine.
C)acetylcholine (ACh) and dopamine.
D)glutamate and serotonin.
Q3) Due to a very high level of stress and arousal,Kim is having difficulty getting to sleep at night.The activity of which of the following neurotransmitters might be participating in Kim's sleeping problem?
A)norepinephrine
B)acetylcholine
C)dopamine
D)GABA
Q4) The major inhibitory neurochemical of the central nervous system is
A)glutamate.
B)GABA.
C)serotonin.
D)acetylcholine (ACh).
Page 6
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 5: Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
144 Verified Questions
144 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26820
Sample Questions
Q1) Nancy and Cliff had four children who did not have cystic fibrosis,but their fifth child was born with the disease.Cystic fibrosis is carried on a recessive gene.Given what you've learned in this chapter,how could this happen?
A)It wasn't until the fifth child that both parents passed on the allele for this illness.
B)Recessive genes normally skip a generation, but after the parents had five children, the gene was expressed.
C)Their fifth child must have been a boy, which makes it more probable that he would have the illness.
D)Their fifth child must have been a girl, which makes it more probable that she would have the illness.
Q2) In the development of the cerebral cortex
A)intrinsic genetic factors control all differentiation.
B)extrinsic inducing factors control all differentiation.
C)a combination of intrinsic genetic factors and extrinsic inducing factors control differentiation.
D)neither intrinsic genetic factors nor extrinsic inducing factors appear to play a role in differentiation.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 7
Chapter 6: Vision
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
180 Verified Questions
180 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26821
Sample Questions
Q1) Longer wavelengths,such as microwaves,would not make a good basis for a visual system because
A)most longer wavelengths are blocked by the earth's atmosphere.
B)they travel at too slow a speed.
C)they are too abundant at the earth's surface to be useful in vision.
D)long wavelengths penetrate objects instead of being reflected from them.
Q2) The majority of the axons in the optic tracts project to the
A)suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus.
B)superior colliculus.
C)inferior colliculus.
D)thalamus.
Q3) The lens obtains its nutrients from
A)its own blood supply.
B)the aqueous humor.
C)the vitreous humor.
D)the blood supply of the iris.
Q4) What are the functions of amacrine cells?
Q5) What causes astigmatism?
Q6) What is the function of the cornea of the eye?
Q7) Describe the opponent process theory of color vision.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 8
Chapter 7: Nonvisual Sensation and Perception
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
163 Verified Questions
163 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26822
Sample Questions
Q1) The structure indicated by the number "8" in this image is the
A)cochlea.
B)pinna.
C)ossicle.
D)incus.
Q2) Which of the following structures are found in the outer ear?
A)the pinna and auditory canal
B)the pinna and the tympanic membrane
C)the auditory canal and the tympanic membrane
D)the auditory canal and the oval window
Q3) Information about pain is processed by the _________ nuclei of the thalamus.
A)ventral posterior and intralaminar
B)ventral posterior and lateral geniculate
C)intralaminar and medial geniculate
D)medial dorsal and ventral posterior
Q4) The range of human hearing
A)is the same as all other mammals.
B)is similar to many animals, but is unique to our species.
C)is the same as all other animals, with the exception of mice and bats.
D)covers a much narrower spectrum than other mammals.
Page 9
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 8: Movement
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
170 Verified Questions
170 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26823
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements about muscle movement is true?
A)The only thing that muscles can do is contract.
B)A single muscle can bend a joint by contracting and straighten it by relaxing.
C)Smooth muscles cause movement by contracting, while striated muscles cause movement by contracting and relaxing.
D)Striated muscles cause movement by contracting, but smooth muscles cause movement by contracting and relaxing.
Q2) Neurons that fire when an organism either carries out a movement or observes another organism carrying out the same movement are known as _________ neurons.
A)vector
B)reciprocal
C)mirror
D)pyramidal
Q3) Rigor mortis,or the muscle stiffness present after death,results primarily from
A)a drop in acetylcholine levels.
B)a lack of energy needed to separate actin and myosin molecules.
C)an increase in intracellular calcium concentrations.
D)the breakdown of troponin molecules.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 10
Chapter 9: Homeostasis and Motivation
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
171 Verified Questions
171 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26824
Sample Questions
Q1) Baroreceptors are located in the
A)organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT).
B)heart and kidneys.
C)medulla.
D)stomach and digestive tract.
Q2) Lactose intolerance
A)is common in areas that have historically relied on dairy products.
B)is uncommon in areas that have historically relied on dairy products.
C)results from learned food preferences.
D)is not related to genetics.
Q3) Drinking is initiated when
A)aldosterone reaches the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT).
B)aldosterone reaches the subfornical organ.
C)angiotensin II reaches the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT).
D)angiotensin II reaches the subfornical organ.
Q4) When levels of leptin are low,cells in the ____________________,labeled number ____________________,use NPY and AgRP to communicate with the ____________________,labeled number ____________________,and the ____________________,labeled number ____________________.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 11
Chapter 10: Sexual Behavior
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
166 Verified Questions
166 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26825
Sample Questions
Q1) These samples obtained by Simon LeVay indicate differences between heterosexual males and homosexual males in
A)SDN-POA.
B)INAH-3.
C)the SNB.
D)the thalamus.
Q2) Female sexual interest is most highly correlated with estrogen levels,whereas male sexual interest is most highly correlated with testosterone levels.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Concordance rates among identical male twins for homosexuality are about _________ percent.
A)25
B)50
C)75
D)90
Q4) Making reference to structures 1-6 in this illustration,describe how each structure will change between the 6th and 12th weeks following conception.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 12
Chapter 11: Sleep and Waking
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
168 Verified Questions
168 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26826
Sample Questions
Q1) Adenosine concentrations
A)rise during the day and drop off during the night.
B)rise during the night and drop off during the day.
C)remain stable throughout most of the day and night, but spike briefly at dawn
D)rise during wakefulness and REM, but drop during NREM.
Q2) Your roommate has become very irritable lately and is having trouble concentrating in class.He's gained about 30 pounds since he came to school and you're feeling a little grouchy too because his snoring is keeping you awake at night.If you could give him advice,what might it be?
A)He might need to visit his physician and see if he is suffering from obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea.
B)He is probably suffering from cataplexy during the night due to narcolepsy.
C)He needs to be on a regular dose of sleep medication, as he is not getting enough sleep.
D)He should make an appointment with a psychiatrist because he seems to be suffering from a psychotic disorder.
Q3) According to this illustration,most episodes of REM sleep follow an episode of Stage ____________________ NREM sleep and are followed by ____________________ or an episode of Stage ____________________ NREM.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 13
Chapter 12: Learning and Memory
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
169 Verified Questions
169 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26827
Sample Questions
Q1) Long-term potentiation (LTP)may last
A)hours in living animals and indefinitely in a brain slice.
B)hours in a brain slice and indefinitely in living animals.
C)a few seconds in living animals and several hours in a brain slice.
D)a few seconds in a brain slice and several hours in living animals.
Q2) Longer-term habituation in Aplysia,lasting up to three weeks,most likely results from
A)the temporary depletion of available neurotransmitter in the motor neuron serving the gill muscle.
B)the temporary depletion of available neurotransmitter in the presynaptic sensory neuron.
C)fatigue in the muscles serving the gill.
D)changes in NMDA glutamate receptors
Q3) Information about motor skills and how to do specific activities is stored in _________ memory.
A)procedural
B)episodic
C)sensory
D) semantic
Q4) What areas of the brain are involved with procedural memories?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 14
Chapter 13: Hemispheric Asymmetry, language, and Intelligence
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
166 Verified Questions
166 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26828
Sample Questions
Q1) In what ways do apes use language differently than humans?
Q2) Although the split-brain patients studied by Sperry and Gazzaniga were all right-handed,they showed superior performance when using the left hand to
A)draw a three-dimensional figure.
B)copy words they saw.
C)copy words they heard.
D)identify objects by touch.
Q3) For most people,which part(s)of the brain contribute(s)to the interpretation of prosody?
A)the left hemisphere only.
B)the right hemisphere only.
C)the right hemisphere and the left orbitofrontal cortex.
D)the right hemisphere and both the right and left orbitofrontal cortices.
Q4) Some scientists have argued that the heritability of intelligence is around 75 percent.How should we interpret such numbers?
Q5) Describe the major features of dyslexia.
Q6) Dyslexia is strongly influenced by genetics.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 15
Chapter 14: Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
173 Verified Questions
173 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26829
Sample Questions
Q1) Emotions might promote survival by helping us
A)reduce autonomic activity.
B)maintain steady levels of arousal.
C)manage approach and withdrawal behaviors appropriately.
D)avoid expressing our feelings to all but our closest friends and family.
Q2) The biggest flaw in the "swinging bridge" study is the fact that:
A)people were coerced into participating in the experiment.
B)men were not randomly assigned to the safe or scary bridges.
C)the participants did not include women.
D)outside the laboratory, it is too difficult to control for so many different variables.
Q3) Lower serotonin levels might be correlated with aggression because serotonin
A)inhibits the frontal cortical areas that are responsible for aggression.
B)facilitates the frontal cortical areas that help inhibit aggression.
C)inhibits the production of testosterone.
D)facilitates submissive behavior.
Q4) How well would the classic theories of emotion predict the behavior of people playing violent videogames?
Q5) Describe the lateralization of emotion in the cerebral cortex.
Q6) What behaviors are correlated with telling a deliberate lie?
Page 16
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 15: Neuropsychology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
155 Verified Questions
155 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26830
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following could not be an accurate statement?
A)Tom has been hospitalized due to lung cancer that has metastasized to his brain.
B)Tom has been hospitalized due to a glioma that has caused him to have seizures.
C)Tom has been hospitalized due to a benign tumor that has spread to his liver.
D)Tom has been hospitalized due to a meningioma that will be removed from his brain tomorrow.
Q2) Open head injuries are characterized by
A)the existence of a coup and countercoup.
B)the development of subdural hematomas.
C)penetration of the skull.
D)injury without penetration of the skull.
Q3) According to the Kennard Principle,reorganization after brain damage is
A)a function of the amount of tissue involved.
B)a function of developmental age.
C)more extensive when damage affects the right hemisphere.
D)more extensive when damage affects the left hemisphere.
Q4) PrPC stands for ____________________,whereas PrPSC stands for
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 17
Chapter 16: Psychopathology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
173 Verified Questions
173 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26831
Sample Questions
Q1) Brain growth in autism spectrum disorder usually
A)proceeds at a normal rate.
B)first accelerates then decelerates relative to healthy controls.
C)first decelerates then accelerates relative to healthy controls.
D)proceeds at an increased rate throughout childhood and adolescence.
Q2) You are responsible for treating a patient who has just taken a large amount of phencyclidine (PCP).Which of the following might help your patient?
A)a drug that acts as a dopamine agonist.
B)a drug that acts as a dopamine antagonist.
C)a drug that acts as a glutamate antagonist.
D)MDMA (ecstasy) to promote increased serotonin activity.
Q3) In this illustration of eye movements during the tracking of a visual stimulus,which of these lines depicts the tracking movements shown by many people with schizophrenia and their relatives?
A)Line number 1
B)Line number 2
C)Line number 3
D)None of the lines. People with schizophrenia and many of their relatives are unable to perform this task.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 18