Programming Fundamentals
Exam Practice Tests
Course Introduction
Programming Fundamentals introduces students to the foundational concepts of computer programming using a widely-used programming language. The course covers essential topics such as variables, data types, operators, control structures (conditionals and loops), functions, and basic input/output operations. Students will develop problem-solving strategies by writing, testing, and debugging simple programs. Emphasis is placed on logical thinking, algorithmic design, and clarity of code, preparing students for further studies in computer science and software development.
Recommended Textbook
Big Java Late Objects 1st Edition by Cay S. Horstmann
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Chapter 1: Introduction
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Sample Questions
Q1) A Java "class" file
A) contains Java source code
B) contains instructions to the Java virtual machine
C) is an internal file created by the Integrated Development Environment (IDE)
D) is the translation of the Java source code into C++
Answer: B
Q2) Because Java was designed for the Internet, which two of its attributes make it suitable for beginning programmers?
A) Efficiency and portability
B) Safety and security
C) Safety and portability
D) Efficiency and security
Answer: C
Q3) In order to translate a Java program to a class file, the computer needs to have software called a(n):
A) assembler
B) virtual machine
C) compiler
D) debugger
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: Fundamental Data Types
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is correct about constants?
A) Constants are written using uppercase letters because the compiler ignores constants declared in lowercase letters.
B) The data stored inside a final variable can be changed using an assignment statement.
C) You can make a variable constant by using the constant reserved word while declaring the variable.
D) Variables defined using final make a code snippet more readable and easier to maintain.
Answer: D
Q2) Which of the following options defines an integer variable?
A) char age;
B) integer age;
C) int age;
D) age: int;
Answer: C
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4
Chapter 3: Decisionseasy
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Sample Questions
Q1) Consider the following code snippet:
Int score = 0;
Double price = 100;
If (score > 0 && price < 200 && price / score > 10)
{ System.out.println("buy");
}
Which of the following statements is true on the basis of this code snippet?
A) The output is buy.
B) The code snippet compiles and runs, but there is no output.
C) The code snippet doesn't compile.
D) The code snippet causes a divide-by-zero error.
Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following options refers to the technique of simulating program execution on a sheet of paper?
A) Compiling
B) Prototyping
C) Tracing
D) Debugging
Answer: C
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Loops
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the output of the following code fragment?
Int i = 1;
Int sum = 0;
While (i <= 11)
{ Sum = sum + i;
I++;
} System.out.println("The value of sum is " + sum);
A) The value of sum is 65
B) The value of sum is 66
C) The value of sum is 55
D) The value of sum is 56
Q2) What is the data type of the number generated by the Math.random() function?
A) double
B) float
C) int
D) String
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Chapter 5: Methods
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Sample Questions
Q1) Based on the code snippet, which of the following statements is correct?
Public static void reoccur(int count)
{ System.out.println(count); Reoccur(count + 1);
}
Public static void main(String[] args)
{ Reoccur(1);
}
A) The code snippet gives a compilation error as the reoccur method cannot call itself.
B) The code snippet executes and infinitely recurses, displaying 1, 2, 3, 4, and so on.
C) The code snippet executes and displays 1.
D) The code snippet executes and does not produce any output.
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Chapter 6: Arrays and Arraylists
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Sample Questions
Q1) The binary search is faster than the linear search, providing
A) the size of the array is a power of two.
B) the elements of the array are ordered.
C) the elements of the array are unordered.
D) the element being searched for is actually in the array.
Q2) Consider the following code snippet:
Int val = arr[0][2];
Which value of arr is stored in the val variable?
A) The value in the first row and the second column
B) The value in the first row and the first column
C) The value in the first row and the third column
D) The value in the third row and the second column
Q3) Consider using a deck of cards as a way to visualize a shuffle algorithm. When two cards shuffle their position, what has to happen to the size of the array holding them?
A) it increases by one
B) it decreases by one
C) it stays the same
D) it increases by two
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Chapter 7: Inputoutput and Exception Handling
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Sample Questions
Q1) Consider the following code snippet: If (in.hasNextDouble())
{ Number = in.nextDouble();
} Result = in.next();
If the input contains the characters 626.14 average, what values will number and result have after this code is executed?
A) number will contain the value 626 and result will contain the value 14.
B) number will contain the value 626.14 and result will contain the value average.
C) number will contain the value 0 and result will contain the value 626.14.
D) number will contain the value 0 and result will contain the value average.
Q2) The Scanner class's ____ method is used to specify a pattern for word boundaries when reading text.
A) useDelimiter()
B) usePattern()
C) setDelimiter()
D) setPattern()
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Chapter 8: Objects and Classes
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Sample Questions
Q1) Insert the missing code in the following code fragment. This fragment is intended to initialize an instance variable.
Public class Motor
{
Int motorSpeed; Public Motor(int speed) { MotorSpeed = speed; } Public Motor()
Which of the following lines of code will allow the second constructor to call the first constructor?
A) this.motorspeed(0);
B) this(0);
C) this(speed);
D) You cannot call a constructor from within another constructor.
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Chapter 9: Inheritance and Interfaces
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements about a Java interface is NOT true?
A) A Java interface defines a set of methods that are required.
B) A Java interface must contain more than one method.
C) A Java interface specifies behavior that a class will implement.
D) All methods in a Java interface must be abstract.
Q2) To define a class that fulfills the requirements of an interface, the class header should include which of the following?
A) The keyword extends and the name of an abstract method in the interface
B) The keyword extends and the name of the interface
C) The keyword implements and the name of an abstract method in the interface
D) The keyword implements and the name of the interface
Q3) Which reserved word must be used to call a method of a superclass?
A) this
B) my
C) parent
D) super
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Chapter 10: Graphical User Interfaces
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Sample Questions
Q1) When an event occurs, the event source notifies all associated ____.
A) components
B) panels
C) interfaces
D) event listeners
Q2) What is the nickname for the graphical user interface library in Java?
A) Applet
B) GUI
C) JComponent
D) Swing
Q3) Which java package must be imported if a program wishes to respond to button events?
A) javax.swing.event.ActionListener
B) java.awt.event.ActionListener
C) javax.swing.JButton
D) java.awt.JButton
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Chapter 11: Advanced User Interfaces
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Sample Questions
Q1) You wish to detect when the mouse is moved into a graphical component. Which methods of the associated MouseListener interface will provide this information?
A) mouseMoved
B) mouseEntered
C) mouseOver
D) mouseIncoming
Q2) What type of object can be added into a JComboBox by the addItem method?
A) Object
B) String
C) JRadioButton
D) any non-primitive type
Q3) What is known for certain from this correct code excerpt?
ActionListener openListener = new FileOpenListener();
JMenuItem fileOpen = new JMenuItem("Open File");
FileOpen.addActionListener(openListener);
A) fileOpen will open a file dialog when clicked
B) The fileOpen menu item will be visible
C) The FileOpenListener class implements the ActionListener interface
D) The openListener object will only listen to the fileOpen object
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Chapter 12: Object-Oriented Design
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Sample Questions
Q1) If you do not include a package statement at the top of your class source file, its classes will be placed in which package?
A) java.lang
B) java.util
C) the default package, which has no name
D) java.awt
Q2) Before you begin designing a solution, you should ____.
A) Document the methods that will be needed.
B) Gather and document all requirements for the program in plain English.
C) Determine the classes that will be needed.
D) Create the UML diagrams to represent the classes.
Q3) The dependency relationship is sometimes referred to as the ____ relationship.
A) is-a
B) has-a
C) depends-on
D) knows-about
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Chapter 13: Recursion
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Sample Questions
Q1) Consider the recursive version of the fib method from the textbook shown below: Public static long fib(int n)
{ If (n <= 2)
{ Return 1; } Else
{ Return fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2); } }
How many total recursive calls (not counting the original call) to fib will be made from the original call of fib(7)?
A) 12
B) 24
C) 30
D) 32
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Chapter 14: Sorting and Searching
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Sample Questions
Q1) If you implement a recursive linear search, its performance will be ____.
A) O(n)
B) O(n<sup>2</sup>)
C) O(log (n))
D) O(n log (n))
Q2) In each iteration, selection sort places which element in the correct location?
A) The smallest in the array.
B) The smallest element not yet placed in prior iterations.
C) The largest element in the array.
D) A random element.
Q3) Which selection sort iteration guarantees the array is sorted for a 10-element array?
A) 9<sup>th</sup> iteration
B) 10<sup>th</sup> iteration
C) 1<sup>st</sup> iteration
D) impossible to tell
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Chapter 15: The Java Collections Framework
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following correctly declares a stack that will hold String elements?
A) Stack<String> s = new Stack<String>();
B) Stack s = new Stack<String>();
C) String s = new Stack<String>();
D) String s = new Stack();
Q2) What type of access does a LinkedList provide for its elements?
A) sequential
B) semi-random
C) random
D) sorted
Q3) Suppose we create a deque (double-ended queue) data structure. It is basically a queue, with its addLast and removeFirst operations, but we also add the addFirst and removeLast operations. Which of the following is best modeled by the deque data structure?
A) A toll booth on a highway.
B) A cross country race.
C) A computer keyboard typing buffer.
D) A Memorial Day parade.
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Chapter 16: Basic Data Structures
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Sample Questions
Q1) Assume that you have a hash table in which there are an average number of collisions. What is the time required to add an element to this hash table?
A) O(n)
B) O(n<sup>2</sup>)
C) O(1)
D) O(1)+
Q2) Which of the following actions must be taken to add a node X at the beginning of a doubly-linked list?
I Update the next reference in the node before the position where X will be placed
II Update the previous reference in the node after the position where X will be placed III Update the list's first reference
A) I
B) II
C) I and II
D) II and III
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Chapter 17: Tree Structures
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Sample Questions
Q1) How many times during the heapsort algorithm does the fixHeap method need to be called for a max-heap with n elements?
A) log(n)
B) n-1
C) n
D) n+1
Q2) Removing an element from a balanced binary search tree takes ____ time.
A) O(n)
B) O(log (n))
C) O(1)
D) O(n<sup>2</sup>)
Q3) Which of the following sequences of insertions will result in a balanced tree?
I 12 , 7, 25, 6, 9, 13, 44
II 12 , 7, 25, 44, 13, 6, 9
III 12, 25, 44, 13, 6, 9, 7
A) I
B) II
C) I and II
D) I and III
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Page 19
Chapter 18: Generic Classes
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements about generic methods is correct?
A) You must instantiate the type parameter when calling a generic method.
B) You must specify which type to use when calling a generic method.
C) Generic methods cannot be static methods.
D) You cannot replace type parameters with primitive types.
Q2) Which of the following satisfies the wildcard ? extends Object?
I String
II JComponent
III Scanner
A) I
B) II
C) I and II
D) I, II and III
Q3) What is known for certain about Visualizer when a method constrains its type parameter as follows?
<E extends Visualizer>
A) Visualizer must refer to a class
B) Visualizer must refer to an interface
C) Visualizer can refer to either an interface or a class
D) Visualizer is another generic type
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Chapter 19: Streams and Binary Inputoutput
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Sample Questions
Q1) When constructing a Scanner from a File object, the Scanner automatically constructs a ___________.
A) InputStream
B) FileInputStream
C) FileReader
D) PrintWriter
Q2) How many methods are required to implement the Serializable interface?
A) 3
B) 2
C) 1
D) 0
Q3) Which methods are not in the Serializable interface?
I readObject
II writeObject
III serializeObject
A) I
B) I and II
C) II and III
D) I, II, and III
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Page 21
Chapter 20: Multithreading
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Sample Questions
Q1) Stale data occurs in multi-CPU machines when one thread modifies shared data and a second thread accesses that data later, but sees the data value before the change took place. What is required to guarantee that the second thread sees the updated data, not stale data when access to the shared data occurs in two different methods?
A) One method needs to acquire then release the lock after modifying the data.
B) Both methods need to acquire then release the lock after modifying or reading the data.
C) Never change any shared object data in multi-CPU machines.
D) Never use locks for any shared data in multi-CPU machines.
Q2) In which method are the tasks that are performed by a thread coded?
A) start
B) main
C) run
D) init
Q3) What should be done to get the attention of a thread?
A) call the thread's stop method
B) call the thread's run method
C) call the thread's interrupt method
D) call the thread's sleep method
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Chapter 21: Internet Networking
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Sample Questions
Q1) _______ ________ was developed to enable different local area networks to communicate with each other and has become the basis for connecting computers around the world over the Internet.
A) TCP
B) IP
C) FTP
D) HTTP
Q2) The ____________ has one function, to attempt to deliver data from one computer to another across the Internet.
A) TCP/IP
B) IP
C) HTTP
D) DNS
Q3) What does the following if statement do?
If (code == HttpURLConnetion.HTTP_OK)
A) It checks if the code is 200.
B) It checks if the code is 404.
C) It checks if the connection is still connected.
D) It checks if there is HTTP.
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Page 23
Chapter 22: Relational Databases
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Sample Questions
Q1) Insert the statement that would remove the following table from the database. CREATE TABLE Course
( Course_ID VARCHAR(11), Credits VARCHAR(4), Room_No INT(4) )
A) DELETE TABLE Course
B) TRUNCATE TABLE Course
C) DROP Course
D) DROP TABLE Course
Q2) Which Java statement connects to a database using a Connection object?
A) Connection conn = new Connection(url, username, password);
B) Conenction conn = DriverManager.getConnection();
C) Connection conn = DriverManager.connect(url, username, password);
D) Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);
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24
Chapter 23: XML
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Sample Questions
Q1) What method do you use to insert a node into an XML document?
A) insertNode method.
B) createNode method.
C) createElement method.
D) insertElement method.
Q2) In an attribute definition in a DTD, a #REQUIRED declaration means ____________.
A) the attribute is valid.
B) the attribute is required.
C) the attribute is optional.
D) the attribute is implied.
Q3) Which of the following statements is correct?
A) XML is an extensible syntax that can be used to specify many different kinds of data.
B) XML has one specific purpose: to describe web documents.
C) XML tells you how to display data.
D) You can always replace XML elements with attributes.
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Chapter 24: Web Applications
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Sample Questions
Q1) A _______ is an application whose user interface is displayed in a web browser.
A) server application
B) web application
C) client application
D) internet application
Q2) The user interface of a web application is displayed in a ______.
A) protocol
B) server browser
C) web browser
D) web server
Q3) The part of the web application that is independent of the graphical user interface is called:
A) Swing.
B) presentation logic.
C) business logic.
D) HTML.
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