Course Introduction
Professional Ethics
Chapter Exam Questions
Professional Ethics explores the fundamental principles and standards that govern conduct within various professions. This course examines ethical theories and frameworks, the concept of professional responsibility, and key issues such as confidentiality, conflict of interest, integrity, and accountability. Through case studies and real-world scenarios, students learn to identify, analyze, and resolve ethical dilemmas they may encounter in their respective fields. Emphasis is placed on developing critical thinking and ethical decision-making skills, as well as understanding the role of professional codes of ethics and societal expectations in guiding professional behavior.
Recommended Textbook
Moral Issues in Business 13th Edition by
William H. Shaw
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11 Chapters
701 Verified Questions
701 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Nature of Morality
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Sample Questions
Q1) When religion and morality are considered:
A) the moral instructions of the world's great religions are often general and imprecise.
B) most people act rightly only because their religion tells them to.
C) atheists are likely to be less moral than religious people.
D) in practice, people who share a religion will agree on all moral questions.
Answer: A
Q2) Morality and self-interest
A) can sometimes conflict.
B) boil down to the same thing.
C) can never come into genuine conflict.
D) are in basic, irreconcilable conflict.
Answer: A
Q3) In a broad sense morality is the moral code of an individual or of a society (insofar as the moral codes of the individuals making up that society overlap).
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 2: Normative Theories of Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Supererogatory actions are
A) actions that are normally wrong to do, but can sometimes be right.
B) actions that it would be good to do but not immoral not to do.
C) actions that we are morally required to do, all things considered.
D) actions that are wrong even though they produce some good.
Answer: B
Q2) "If you want to go to law school, then you must take the LSAT exam." This statement is an example of
A) the transcendental imperative.
B) the categorical imperative.
C) a hypothetical imperative.
D) irrational behavior.
Answer: C
Q3) Rule utilitarianism applies the utilitarian standard, not to individual actions, but to moral codes as a whole.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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4
Chapter 3: Justice and Economic Distribution
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Sample Questions
Q1) Talk of justice and injustice typically focuses on:
A) fairness, equality, desert, and rights
B) reason, reflection, deliberation, and fairness
C) feeling, sentiment, happiness, and equality
D) fairness, impartiality, duty, and rights
Answer: A
Q2) The view of ignorance demands people in the original position to be
A) difficult to come to agreement.
B) impartial.
C) biased.
D) forgiving.
Answer: B
Q3) The United States leads the world in executive pay.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) Rawls's theory of distributive justice is a form of utilitarianism.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Page 5
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Chapter 4: The Nature of Capitalism
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Sample Questions
Q1) How do defenders of capitalism respond to critics who point to the profound economic inequalities that characterize capitalist society?
Q2) Government programs often subsidize American businesses and protect them from competition.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Marxism states
A) capitalism leads to a concentration of property and thus a concentration of resources and power in relatively few hands.
B) socialism will eventually be replaced by financial capitalism.
C) the means of production should be placed under the control of the bourgeoisie.
D) only workers who are poorly paid in a capitalist system are alienated.
Q4) Many economists are concerned that the growing trade deficit makes the U.S. vulnerable to
A) terrorist attacks.
B) depression.
C) ease.
D) economic extortion.
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Chapter 5: Corporations
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Sample Questions
Q1) Briefly sketch the evolution of corporations.
Q2) The debate over corporate moral agency hinges on which question?
A) Corporate decision
B) Corporate punishment
C) Individual responsibility
D) Corporate fit
Q3) Which of the following do proponents of the broader view of corporate social responsibility believe?
A) Corporations should not internalize their externalities.
B) Moral responsibility arises from social power.
C) Businesses have other obligations besides making a profit.
D) The modern corporation is not a social institution.
Q4) The best statement to describe corporations is
A) corporations don't need moral codes.
B) corporate culture refers to the cultural activities sponsored by the company for its employees.
C) Johnson & Johnson's handling of the Tylenol crisis of 1982 was a gross failure of corporate responsibility.
D) corporate culture can be both explicit and implicit.
Q5) Briefly explain Milton Friedman's view of social responsibility.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Consumers
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Sample Questions
Q1) Defend the position that advertising manipulates human needs and can create artificial ones.
Q2) Which statement is accurate in its description of consumer protection?
A) The Consumer Product Safety Commission has the power to order recalls, public warnings, and refunds.
B) Statistics show that, in fact, safety regulations rarely succeed in increasing safety.
C) Critics exaggerate the cost of safety regulations and product recalls.
D) Safety regulations permit people to choose to save money by purchasing riskier (but less expensive) products.
Q3) Statistics indicate that the faith consumers place in manufacturers is often misplaced.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In his books The Affluent Society and The New Industrial State, John Kenneth Galbraith argues that consumer wants determine what gets produced.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What is the importance of the 1916 case of MacPherson v. Buick Motor Car?
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Chapter 7: The Environment
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Q1) Animal manure
A) is not available in sufficient quantities to replenish agricultural land.
B) is a large source of pollution.
C) helps counteract the "greenhouse effect".
D) is potentially more dangerous than nuclear power.
Q2) According to William F. Baxter, we ought to respect the "balance of nature" and "preserve the environment" even if doing so brings no benefit to human beings.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Does the fact that McDonald gave in to public opinion mean that all businesses should do the same? Is there ever a time when a business can tell environmental regulators that they will not abide by regulations or requests? Describe those conditions.
Q4) Briefly describe the two popular answers to the question of who should pay the costs of environmental protections and restorations.
Q5) According to Joel Feinberg, future generations of people have a right to be born.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: The Workplace Basic Issues
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Sample Questions
Q1) Groups of 18th century skilled artisans formed secret societies for two basic reasons. Which of the following is one of those reasons?
A) to equalize their relationship with their employers
B) to distinguish themselves from carpenters and shoemakers
C) to gain control of the German government
D) to avoid having to set minimal standards for their crafts
Q2) One of the seven factors given to help minimize the chances of setting unfair wages and salaries is that
A) If wages conform with the law, they are fair wages.
B) A fair wage is whatever an employee is willing to accept.
C) An employer's financial capabilities affect what constitutes a fair wage scale for that employer's employees.
D) Avoiding the prevailing wage in the industry and community wage level.
Q3) According to common law, unless there is an explicit contractual provision to the contrary, every employment is employment at will and either side is free to terminate it at any time without advance notice or reason.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: The Workplace Todays Challenges
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Q1) One of the three chief sources for dissatisfaction in the workplace is
A) lack of opportunities to be promoted faster.
B) lack of opportunities to have a company vehicle.
C) lack of opportunities to have one's own office.
D) lack of opportunities to be one's own boss.
Q2) Notification of employee monitoring constitutes consent on the part of the employee to be monitored.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Should one's personal sexual conduct be taken into consideration for any professional job? If no, why not? If so, what job and why?
Q4) Douglas McGregor rejects Theory X, which holds that
A) when explained properly, everyone will favor drug-testing programs.
B) workers essentially dislike work and will do everything they can to avoid it.
C) workers basically like work and view it as something natural and potentially enjoyable.
D) sexual harassment is a form of discrimination.
Q5) An employee comes and challenges you as to why drug testing is necessary at your workplace. How would you answer him?
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Chapter 10: Moral Choices Facing Employees
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Sample Questions
Q1) Insider trading is
A) the buying or selling of stocks (or other financial securities) by business "insiders" on the basis of information that has not yet been made public and is likely to affect the price of the stock.
B) the name of a baseball card shop.
C) knowing when to make the best buy.
D) giving great advice on a deal.
Q2) According to Professor Norman Bowie, which of the following factors is primarily relevant to the motivation of whistle-blowers?
A) the whistle blower's feelings of duty to obey the law.
B) belief that internal channels have been exhausted.
C) their whistle blowing has some chance of success.
D) public interest morally outweighs loyalty to the organization.
Q3) According to Norman Bowie, a discussion of whistle blowing in the 1990s parallels the discussion of civil disobedience in the 1960s.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Provide examples of abuses that can occur when a person is in a position of power.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Job Discrimination
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Q1) What are the general guidelines the EEOC lists as steps to affirmative action?
Q2) Which of the following is the most plausible argument FOR affirmative action?
A) it evens the score with young white men, who have had it good for too long
B) it is necessary to break the cycle that keeps minorities and women locked into low-paying, low-prestige jobs
C) it ignores the principle of equality
D) it is a color-blind policy
Q3) Which of the following statements is accurate?
A) men cannot be victims of sexual harassment
B) the Supreme Court has established a hard and fast line between permissible and impermissible affirmative action plans
C) the law treats sexual harassment as a form of sexual discrimination
D) differences in levels and types of education explain why, on the average, men earn more than women
Q4) The Civil Rights Act of 1964 applies to all employers, both public and?private, with twenty five or more employees.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Job discrimination occurs under three conditions. What are they?
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