Professional Communication
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Course Introduction
Professional Communication is designed to equip students with the essential skills required to communicate effectively in professional environments. The course covers both written and oral communication strategies, including report and proposal writing, email etiquette, presentations, and interpersonal communication in the workplace. Emphasis is placed on clarity, conciseness, audience analysis, and the adaptation of messaging for diverse professional contexts. Through practical exercises, students develop confidence in delivering information, collaborating with teams, and utilizing digital communication tools, preparing them for successful interactions in their future careers.
Recommended Textbook
Stand Up Speak Out The Practice and Ethics of Public Speaking v2.0 by Jason S. Wrench
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Chapter 1: Why Public Speaking Matters Today
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Q1) Which of the following statements is true about taking a public speaking course?
A)students who take a public speaking course will have their fears of public speaking decrease.
B)public speaking will help fine-tune your verbal skills but not your nonverbal skills.
C)oral communication skills are not rated highly upon graduation by college graduates.
D)public speaking is not a course that will help you develop your critical thinking skills.
E)public speaking is important for the business world but not for religious figures.
Answer: A
Q2) Listening to a speech through the radio is an example of ___________ communication.
Answer: mediated
Q3) Norman W.Edmund predicts that by 2020 information in our world will double every 87 days.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 2: Ethics Matters: Understanding the Ethics of Public Speaking
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Q1) Listening to others before evaluating them and responding to them is important because:
A)it's ethical behavior to be polite and respectful.
B)preconceived biases cause us to misunderstand a speaker before he or she speaks.
C)speakers can then express themselves without fear of criticism.
D)the speaker is forced to prove that their views are superior to those of the audience.
E)the speaker is obligated to do the same for us when we give a speech.
Answer: B
Q2) Describe how Morse et al.v.Frederick limited student free speech.How do you think this could affect individuals engaged in public speaking?
Answer: In this case,a high school student held up a sign reading "Bong Hits 4 Jesus" across from the school during the 2002 Olympic Torch Relay.The principal suspended the teenager,and the teen sued the principal for violating his First Amendment rights.Ultimately,the court decided that the principal had the right to suspend the student because he was advocating illegal behavior. Answers will vary.
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Chapter 3: Speaking Confidently
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Q1) Cognitive restructuring is:
A)acquiring a few language skills that will impress audience members.
B)changing how you label the physiological responses you experience.
C)convincing yourself that others will be too preoccupied to listen.
D)pretending that public speaking skills will make you rich and famous.
E)psychological counseling specifically to address public speaking anxiety.
Answer: B
Q2) Trait anxiety refers to a speaker who:
A)dislikes speaking when there is little time to prepare.
B)finds it difficult to speak in a formal setting.
C)generally fears communication more than the average person.
D)has a fear of facing an audience that includes high status listeners.
E)is fearful only until he or she gains experience.
Answer: C
Q3) What should you do if you experience external distractions during a speech?
Answer: If you are distracted by external events while giving a speech,it is often useful to pause and wait so that you can regain the audience's attention and be heard.Whatever the unexpected event,your most important job as a speaker is to maintain your composure.
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Chapter 4: The Importance of Listening
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Q1) Physical noise occurs when:
A)a listener can't listen because of a queasy stomach.
B)a listener is still captivated by a previous speech.
C)loud sounds interfere with a listener's ability to hear.
D)a microphone fails to work effectively.
E)the speech seems to be disorganized and disjointed.
Q2) A(n)______________-oriented listener prefers messages that are short and to the point.
Q3) In a classroom where there will be many content-oriented listeners,how must you prepare your speech?
Q4) A mispronounced word can be a source of _________________ noise.
Q5) A people-oriented listener pays the most attention to the:
A)details of the speech.
B)logic and organization of the speech.
C)main point of the speech.
D)rhetorical strategies used by the speaker.
E)personal characteristics of the speaker.
Q6) Ethical listening compels us to embrace the ideas in a message.
A)True
B)False
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Audience Analysis
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Q1) You've been asked to work on the senatorial campaign for a politician.One of your tasks is conducting an audience analysis for an upcoming speech on jobs.What method of audience analysis would you think is the most useful given this speaking context?
Q2) _______________ is the tendency to assume that all members of a given culture or social group are alike.
Q3) Gender is an important consideration because:
A)gender is a topic that appeals to men more than to women.
B)married and unmarried women have very different outlooks.
C)men will understand facts and women will understand concepts.
D)women have a different cultural experience from that of men.
E)women should be the speakers to audiences that are mainly women.
Q4) Respecting your audience means:
A)avoiding comments that offend,exclude,or trivialize them or their values.
B)being aware that they want to express their beliefs as much as you do.
C)knowing that they are teachable,and challenging them to learn.
D)making a statement that specifically expresses your respect.
E)trusting them to understand and agree with your message.
Q5) A ______________ expresses one's judgment of what is desirable and undesirable,right and wrong,or good and evil.
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Chapter 6: Finding a Purpose and Selecting a Topic
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Q1) A thesis statement always begins with the three general purposes,is followed by a specification of one's audience,the actual topic a speaker has chosen,and the basic objective the speaker hopes to accomplish with the speech.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The time frame constraint refers to:
A)the amount of time you are allowed to use in delivering your speech.
B)the requirement that you research and prepare in a certain amount of time.
C)the time of day or the time of year that influences your speech topic.
D)the timeliness,or currency,of the speech content and specific details.
E)the topic of the speech: historical,contemporary,or future projections.
Q3) Best-seller lists help you learn what people are interested in reading about.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Reasonable and intelligent audiences do not have preconceived ideas about politics and religion.
A)True
B)False
Q5) You can __________ your audience to learn their interests and needs.
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Chapter 7: Researching Your Speech
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Q1) Research is a ________________,not an event.
Q2) What are interlibrary loans?
Q3) Three of the end results researchers strive toward are facts,theories,and applications.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Plagiarism is:
A)acceptable if it's only the result of a mistake.
B)highly over-stated as an academic offense.
C)never permissible under any circumstances.
D)useful when time is a very serious constraint.
E)a way of condensing a lot of information.
Q5) Research is:
A)an attempt to support opinions by making inferences and using logic.
B)an investigation conducted in order to discover,revise,or report facts.
C)creating accurate summaries of what authoritative sources say.
D)using the Internet to track down facts about a given phenomenon.
E)using standard dictionary definitions in order to explain phenomena.
Q6) What is a scholarly journal?
Q7) Explain what citing is and why it's ethically important.
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Chapter 8: Supporting Ideas and Building Arguments
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Q1) Explain the three types of narratives and when they would be most useful in a speech as a form of evidence.
Q2) You should select support that is relevant to your topic,purpose,and audience.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Why should a public speaker use a variety of support types?
Q4) Explain the three-step process for ensuring that all of your support is used effectively.
Q5) A reverse outline is used to:
A)engage audience attention in following the logic.
B)persuade your audience to think in a new way.
C)provide a vivid,unique approach to your topic.
D)rehearse the entire speech,including all evidence.
E)test the effectiveness of your support.
Q6) Figurative analogies:
A)clarify the differences between two ideas,concepts,or ideas.
B)compare two ideas or objects from two different classes.
C)contrast two sets of numeric data collected by researchers.
D)provide clarity for the audience when two ideas are abstract.
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E)show how two things are interchangeable or nearly identical.
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Chapter 9: Introductions Matter: How to Begin a Speech
Effectively
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Q1) A _________ establishes the main ideas and direction of the speech.
Q2) An introduction concludes with a ____________ of the major points to be covered in the speech.
Q3) A rhetorical question:
A)calls for listeners to inwardly contemplate the answer.
B)elicits an immediate verbal and/or nonverbal response.
C)is opposed to the topic and is therefore inappropriate.
D)should be used when audiences aren't paying attention.
E)usually has a political motivation and should be avoided.
Q4) Caring/Goodwill refers to the:
A)attitude toward the speaker before the introduction of the speech.
B)benevolent attitude of the speaker toward people in the audience.
C)character of the speaker,as revealed by his or her topic choice.
D)perception of the speaker as caring about people in the audience.
E)reputation of the speaker as someone who serves the community.
Q5) You need to explain to the audience why you are competent to speak on your topic.
A)True
B)False
Q6) A(n)_________ statement surprises your audience into listening.
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Chapter 10: Creating the Body of a Speech
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Q1) Signposts are used to:
A)cite the source of evidence or information.
B)help listeners follow along during a speech.
C)guide listeners toward the conclusion.
D)make the information more memorable.
E)persuade listeners to trust the speaker.
Q2) Using an example,explain the spatial speech pattern.
Q3) The psychological speech pattern recommends a solution to a specific problem.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The function of the phrase "as a result" is:
A)comparison.
B)consequence.
C)emphasis.
D)sequence.
E)summarizing.
Q5) Write a sentence that includes a transition that compares or contrasts.Underline the transition.
Q6) Using a developed example,explain the psychological speech pattern.
Q7) A _____________ helps the audience keep up with your speech.
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Chapter 11: Concluding With Power
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Q1) Hermann Ebbinghaus proposed what he called the _______________ position effect.
Q2) The serial position effect is the:
A)perceived importance of items or information at the top of a list.
B)perceived sophistication of ideas near the beginning of a speech.
C)reason why an effective thesis statement is crucially important.
D)relief audiences feel when they sense the end of a presentation.
E)tendency to better remember items at the beginning or end of a list.
Q3) Explain the serial position effect and its importance to public speaking.
Q4) When you conclude your speech with a question:
A)the audience will spontaneously respond out loud.
B)you force the audience to contemplate the answer.
C)you have another chance to drive home a main point.
D)listeners will become confused if you don't answer it.
E)you will pique audience expectation for an answer.
Q5) A challenge in a conclusion:
A)asks audience members to always remember the message.
B)calls for members of the audience to make a special effort.
C)makes a case for democratic participation in the community.
D)questions whether or not the audience will do something.
E)tells listeners why it's important to withhold judgment.
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Chapter 12: Outlining
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Sample Questions
Q1) Testing the logical relation of the parts of a speech means:
A)controlling the lengths of each of the main points.
B)ensuring that authoritative sources are included in each point.
C)making sure the order of main points makes sense.
D)reading the outline backwards to check for mistakes.
E)seeing whether the speech purpose matches the main points.
Q2) The working outline:
A)is the final step before a polished presentation.
B)lays out the basic structure of your speech.
C)lists the ideas to be included in the speech.
D)is a preliminary,informal brainstorming sheet.
E)has space to allow for the inclusion of new ideas.
Q3) Your speaking outline:
A)allows you to read your carefully worded message.
B)eliminates any need to practice or rehearse the speech.
C)includes less detail than your full-sentence outline.
D)increases the danger that you will forget something.
E)is your full outline transferred onto a set of notecards.
Q4) Why must a full-sentence outline include authoritative sources?
Q5) ______________ between main points help the audience follow along.
Page 14
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Chapter 13: The Importance of Language
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Q1) A metaphor is used to:
A)analyze a relationship between two ideas or things.
B)clarify the meaning of a complicated term.
C)define the various meanings of a single term.
D)emphasize specific differences between two things.
E)suggest a resemblance between two different things.
Q2) The denotative meaning of a word is:
A)clear,even for a conceptual word.
B)essentially a dictionary definition.
C)the one meaning that everyone shares.
D)the underlying significance.
E)universally understood.
Q3) Oral communication should be conversational. A)True
B)False
Q4) We convey ideas and meanings through __________________.
Q5) Oral language tends to use shorter sentences than written language. A)True
B)False
Q6) What do we mean when we refer to inclusive language?
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Delivering the Speech
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Q1) You must revamp your speech if the audience is small.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In a large auditorium,it is a good idea to:
A)put your notes on pages instead of cards.
B)speak more slowly and clearly than usual.
C)use your full-sentence outline for speaking.
D)wear bright colors so listeners can see you.
E)wear muted colors so listeners can't see you.
Q3) Memorized speaking:
A)is adaptable to audience confusion or other responses.
B)allows for spontaneous interaction with the audience.
C)is available and appropriate for any audience.
D)makes it easy to answer questions after the speech.
E)has the risk of producing a monotone delivery pattern.
Q4) _________ are brief breaks in a speaker's delivery.
Q5) What are the advantages and disadvantages of memorized speaking?
Q6) A microphone allows a speaker to speak more rapidly.
A)True
B)False
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Presentation Aids: Design and Usage
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Q1) When you play or display a presentation aid:
A)at the end of the speech,ask listeners if they understood it.
B)give your listeners credit for being able to interpret it themselves.
C)leave it on display throughout the duration of the speech.
D)simply play or show it,allowing it to speak for itself.
E)you should explain what it shows and why it supports a main point.
Q2) Researchers at the U.S.Department of Labor found that 83% of human learning occurs ____________.
Q3) When displaying a presentation aid that includes text:
A)discuss the passage while listeners read it.
B)include both the text and the explanation on it.
C)read the passage out loud before discussing it.
D)summarize the text and move on to the next slide.
E)use full sentences to get you through the speech.
Q4) When you put text on presentation aids:
A)avoid breaking up a sentence to display text on two different slides.
B)include all the relevant information related to the point you're making.
C)include only the information necessary to support the point you're making.
D)make sure you use only complete,well-written sentences.
E)use a scholarly tone in order to emphasize the importance of your ideas.
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Chapter 16: Informative Speaking
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Sample Questions
Q1) A speech about the life cycle of a fruit fly is an example of a(n)___________ informative speech.
Q2) Jim is giving a speech about the Eiffel tower.What type of informative speech is Jim giving?
A)concepts
B)events
C)objects
D)people
E)process
Q3) Jorge is delivering a speech on Kübler-Ross' five stages of grief.What type of informative speech is Jorge giving?
A)concepts
B)events
C)objects
D)people
E)process
Q4) Of the eight different ways to make information interesting and clear to an audience,which one do you think is the most important and why?
Q5) Why should speakers personalize content?
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Chapter 17: Persuasive Speaking
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Q1) Create a persuasive speech outline using Monroe's motivated sequence for a topic you find personally interesting on your college or university campus.
Q2) Explain the five parts of an effective satisfaction step in Monroe's motivated sequence.
Q3) What step in Monroe's motivated sequence occurs when a speaker asks his or her audience to visualize a future where the need has been met or the problem solved?
A)action
B)attention
C)need
D)satisfaction
E)visualization
Q4) Persuasion is the use of communication to get a person to behave in a manner or embrace a point-of-view related to values,attitudes,and/or beliefs that he or she would not have done otherwise.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Describe Leon Festinger's (1957)cognitive dissonance theory,and give an example of how this concept plays out in real life.
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Chapter 18: Speaking to Entertain
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Q1) A speech of ____________ is a brief speech given to accompany a prize or honor.
Q2) A ____________ speech is delivered to set the underlying tone and summarize the core message of an event.
Q3) At the graveside of his great aunt,Jeremy was asked to say a few words to those gathered.Which of the eight types of ceremonial speaking does this represent?
A)eulogies
B)farewell
C)presentation
D)roasts
E)toasts
Q4) A __________ speech is a type of motivational speech given by someone who has succeeded in some aspect of life and is giving back by telling others how they can be successful too.
Q5) Why are both ceremonial and inspirational speaking considered speeches of entertainment?
Q6) What is an entertainment speech?
Q7) What are the main points of an introduction speech?
Q8) Differentiate among the three speeches of goodwill.
Q9) Differentiate between the two types of keynote speeches.
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Chapter 19: Your First Speech
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Q1) During the ______________ step,speakers really delve into the creation of the speech itself.
Q2) Describe the basic outline of a speech.
Q3) Describe what occurs during the research step of speech preparation.
Q4) Novice public speakers do not have problems with movement,and often use just the right amount in their presentations.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The process of trying to convince a person to change her or his behavior is referred to as:
A)informing.
B)questioning.
C)persuading.
D)challenging.
E)entertaining.
Q6) The ______________ is commonly thought of as a structure that guides people in a specific direction toward greatness.
Q7) ______________ is the physical manipulation of arms and hands to add emphasis to a speech.
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