Principles of Tourism Practice Exam
Course Introduction
Principles of Tourism introduces students to the fundamental concepts, theories, and practices that shape the tourism industry on a local and global scale. The course explores the nature, scope, and significance of tourism, including its historical development, key terminology, and the various types of tourism and tourism stakeholders. Students will examine tourism systems, motivations for travel, the roles of intermediaries, and the economic, social, cultural, and environmental impacts of tourism. By the end of the course, students will gain a foundational understanding of how the tourism industry operates and the various factors influencing its growth and challenges.
Recommended Textbook
Tourism Principles Practices Philosophies 12th Edition by Charles R. Goeldner
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Chapter 1: Tourism in Perspective
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Sample Questions
Q1) Many tourism analysts predict that globally by year 2020 tourism will:
A) about double.
B) triple.
C) quadruple.
D) likely stay about the same as in 2000.
E) decline.
Answer: A
Q2) Considering employment in tourism in the U.S., there are:
A) a large number of jobs for disadvantaged persons.
B) good prospects for minority groups.
C) favorable opportunities for women.
D) all of the above.
E) none of the above.
Answer: D
Q3) To be tourists, travelers may be:
A) traveling for business purposes.
B) traveling to set up a new business in another country.
C) studying in a university for the freshman year.
D) All of the above are tourists.
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: Tourism Through the Ages
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Q1) The earliest transient guest rooms were:
A) caravansaries.
B) inns on caravan routes.
C) parts of private dwellings.
D) churches and monasteries hospices).
E) ordinaries.
Answer: C
Q2) Why did early English railroads enjoy a passenger surge?
A) Rail travel was faster than stagecoach.
B) Trains had better schedules.
C) Passenger service was very reliable and safe.
D) Fares were inexpensive.
E) All of the above.
Answer: D
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Chapter 3: Career Opportunities
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Q1) Jobs such as general manager, accountants, director of sales, bellhops, and maintenance workers can be provided by:
A) airlines
B) food service
C) gaming
D) hotels, motels, resorts
E) attractions
Answer: D
Q2) WTTC estimates that in 2020 tourism jobs will increase to:
A) 100 million.
B) 25 million.
C) 50 million.
D) 75 million.
E) 303 million.
Answer: E
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Page 5
Chapter 4: World, National, Regional, and Other Organizations
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Q1) Which of the following is true of UNWTO?
A) It is a non-governmental organization.
B) It accelerates world understanding of the contributions of tourism.
C) Helps raise standards of living in less developed areas through tourism development.
D) All of the above.
E) b and c
Q2) The official U.S. government tourism organization is:
A) United States Travel Service.
B) United States Travel and Tourism Administration.
C) United States Tourist Organization.
D) United States Travel Data Center.
E) Office of Travel and Tourism Industries.
Q3) What technical services does UNWTO provide?
A) promotes tourism through newspaper and magazine ads
B) provides an international clearing house for information
C) finances construction of hotels and other superstructures
D) issues passports, visas, and police registration
E) subsidizes poorer countries
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Chapter 5: Passenger Transportation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Amtrak is promoting and upgrading passenger rail service. All but one of the following are facts:
A) Total passenger miles have grown since 1981.
B) In the northeast corridor it is the dominant carrier.
C) It operates some commuter agencies under contract.
D) It operates without any government subsidy.
E) It has high-speed train service between New York and Boston.
Q2) The world's airlines now carry over ________ passengers yearly:
A) 2 billion
B) 2 million
C) 540 million
D) 200 million
E) 450 million
Q3) Motor coach travel appeals mostly to:
A) business people making intercity trips of 150 miles or less.
B) single vacation travelers.
C) those living in rural areas or in small towns.
D) lower income, non-business travelers.
E) c and d.
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Hospitality and Related Services
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Q1) The following tourism destinations are noted for higher than average hotel occupancy rates:
A) Vancouver and Toronto in Canada.
B) New York, Boston, and Philadelphia in the U.S.
C) St. Louis, Kansas City, and Omaha in the U.S.
D) Las Vegas, San Francisco, New York.
E) Bermuda, Puerto Rico, and Miami.
Q2) Hotels can be classified as:
A) 5, 4, 3, 2, and 1 star.
B) resort, city, airport, suburban, highway.
C) full service, luxury, all-suite, moderately priced limited service.
D) full service, limited service, resort suite, convention.
E) all of the above.
Q3) The American Hotel and Lodging Association is:
A) a federated association.
B) a hotel company-owned trade group.
C) mainly a promotion and marketing organization.
D) chiefly an information and educational group.
E) primarily a lobbying body in Washington, D.C.
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Organizations in the Distribution Process
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Q1) Tourism suppliers use a distribution system because:
A) this is the cheapest way to go.
B) they could sell their own products directly but don't have staff.
C) using distribution is the most productive and efficient.
D) the distributors have better knowledge of what sells.
E) distributors charge very little for their services.
Q2) American Society of Travel Agents ASTA) agencies report that approximately which of the following percentage of their sales are accounted for by corporate sales?
A) 25%
B) 40%
C) 60%
D) 75%
E) 90%
Q3) A cruise line sales executive would probably use mainly: distributors)
A) incentive travel companies.
B) large companies which specialize in group tours and cruises.
C) retail travel agencies.
D) specialty channelers.
E) corporate travel departments.
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Page 9
Chapter 8: Attractions, Recreation, Entertainment, and Other
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Q1) The most recent trend in the gambling industry is:
A) growth of gambling resorts in New Jersey.
B) expansion of resort hotels in Nevada.
C) growth of gambling casinos owned by Native Americans.
D) introduction of gambling on cruise ships.
E) new casinos in the southern states.
Q2) Las Vegas has achieved its current level of success, primarily due to:
A) its highly successful marketing program.
B) its emphasis on entertainment as its primary attraction.
C) its heavy emphasis on gambling.
D) because of the fact that "what happens there, stays there."
E) the outstanding architecture of its hotels.
Q3) The U.S. Forest Service:
A) is part of the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
B) maintains 193 million acres in their system.
C) administers grasslands.
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.
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Chapter 9: Motivation for Pleasure Travel
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Q1) The travel needs ladder of Pearce proposes that:
A) there is a hierarchy of travel motives.
B) people start at different levels.
C) levels are changed during their life cycle.
D) levels are or can be inhibited by various factors.
E) All of the above.
Q2) Repeat business is best assured when:
A) consumer expectations are met or exceeded.
B) tourism product prices are substantially lowered.
C) word-of-mouth advertising is positive.
D) a and b
E) a and c
Q3) Which of the following areas of study is usually considered to be of greatest value in our efforts to understand travel behavior?
A) chaos theory
B) psychology
C) neurosciences
D) anthropology
E) factor analysis
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Chapter 10: Cultural and International Tourism for Lifes
Enrichment
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Sample Questions
Q1) One of the most important motivations for travel is:
A) the desire to improve one's mind.
B) low cost.
C) lots of discretionary income.
D) interest in the culture of other people.
Q2) Anthropography is a science by which we can:
A) learn of humankind's geographic settlements on the globe.
B) study the varieties of man and their geographic distribution.
C) identify cultural achievements which are of interest to international tourists.
D) classify the varieties of races of humankind.
E) learn the origin of the human race.
Q3) Cultural activities:
A) have little impact on tourism development because only the best educated tourists appreciate them.
B) should not be shared with tourists.
C) are well suited to attracting tourists.
D) are not well suited to "out of season" development of tourism.
E) are of minor interest to most tourists.
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Chapter 11: Sociology of Tourism
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Sample Questions
Q1) The successful experience of tourism combines:
A) a degree of novelty with a degree of familiarity.
B) security of old habits with excitement of change.
C) a degree of risk with a degree of safety.
D) All of the above.
E) a and c
Q2) One result of mass tourism has been:
A) that attractions and facilities previously frequented by local residents are often abandoned by them.
B) that people really understand better the culture of other countries.
C) that variety, novelty and strangeness in the travel experience have increased.
D) All of the above.
E) a and b
Q3) If a developing country wishes to attract mass tourism it must:
A) price tourism below competitors.
B) offer a series of festivals at various times of the year.
C) provide facilities based on Western standards.
D) remove all barriers to entering the country.
E) offer social contacts with tourists.
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Tourism Components and Supply
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Q1) Bungalow-type accommodations, built mainly of natural materials and to modern standards of comfort and safety, will be acceptable to:
A) budget travelers.
B) drifters.
C) individual mass tourists.
D) explorers.
E) a large segment of the market.
Q2) To turn potential tourism supply into actual supply, the first obstacle to overcome is:
A) the lack or inadequacy of access routes.
B) the development of personal and professional services.
C) the lack or shortage of accommodations.
D) the lack of restaurants
Q3) All decisions pertaining to the management of the hotel should begin with the: A) board of directors.
B) owners).
C) manager in consultation with the department heads.
D) manager.
E) customers and guests.
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Chapter 13: Measuring and Forecasting Demand
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Q1) What is meant by elasticity of demand for travel?
A) A cut in price results in fewer people buying the trip.
B) A cut in price results in more persons buying the trip.
C) A cut in price means less total revenue generated.
D) A cut in price means more revenue generated than at the higher price.
E) A cut in price has little effect on revenue.
Q2) Which of the following is true regarding aggregate demand for international pleasure travel?
A) the traveler wishes to maximize utility or opportunities but is subject to budget restraints
B) international travel expenditures are price-sensitive
C) international travel expenditures are not very price-sensitive
D) expenditures create substantial cross-elasticities of travel demand
E) future demand can be accurately forecasted
Q3) Demand for tourism is income elastic because:
A) tourism is a highly desirable good.
B) tourism depends on discretionary income.
C) it is a necessity for the affluent.
D) tourism is not equally desirable to all people.
E) most tourists have a variable income.
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Chapter 19: Tourism Marketing
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Sample Questions
Q1) The basic purpose of market segmentation is to locate:
A) smaller markets.
B) attractive opportunities.
C) larger markets.
D) all markets.
Q2) The marketing concept demonstrates, above all other things, the importance of:
A) production consideration in producing new travel products.
B) a good advertising plan.
C) consumers' needs and wants.
D) conceptualizing a marketing phenomenon which is difficult to understand.
E) using an advertising agency.
Q3) What should be kept in mind when creating publicity policy?
A) the importance of long-range objectives
B) short-range objectives
C) present, immediate objectives
D) short- as well as long-range objectives
E) funds available for publicity
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Chapter 14: Tourisms Economic Impact
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Sample Questions
Q1) The optimum price for a hotel room would be one that:
A) maximizes per unit profit.
B) maximizes occupancy for the entire hotel.
C) maximizes profits.
D) maximizes total revenue.
E) maximizes guest satisfaction.
Q2) The "rippling" or "multiplier" effect of tourist spending ultimately:
A) widely distributes the total economic impact of tourist spending.
B) increases the economic impact of tourist spending.
C) affects the economy very little, actually.
D) has no effect on the local economy due to leakage.
Q3) Visitor expenditures ultimately benefit:
A) hotels and restaurants-primary beneficiaries.
B) secondary businesses which supply primary beneficiaries.
C) all businesses which receive tourist expenditures.
D) supply businesses which serve all tourist businesses.
E) all businesses, professional services, and government.
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Chapter 15: Tourism Policy: Structure, Content and Process
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Q1) In general terms, a formal tourism policy for a given destination ignores such areas at the national level) as:
A) the type of destination that will most effectively fulfill the desired roles.
B) the selection of magazines for week-end get-a-way ads.
C) taxation - types and levels.
D) financing for the tourism sector - sources and terms.
E) the roles of tourism within the overall socioeconomic development of the destination region.
Q2) The main purpose of tourism policy is to:
A) ensure maximum benefits to all the stakeholders of the destination.
B) raise the maximum in hotel taxes.
C) keep out undesirable visitors.
D) protect environmentally sensitive areas.
E) to promote the destination as a place to visit.
Q3) Which of the following disciplines contribute to our understanding of tourism?
A) psychology
B) economics
C) geography
D) law
E) All of the above.
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Chapter 16: Tourism Planning, Development, and Social Consideration
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Q1) Governments can do much to create a favorable climate for investment in tourism by:
A) removing confusion from the industry so that investors can plan rationally.
B) consulting the tourist industry when drawing up regulations.
C) applying regulations in an orderly manner.
D) appointing a Minister of Tourism.
E) All of the above.
Q2) For an undeveloped country considering expansion of tourism, the first step should be to:
A) plan the location and number of access roads.
B) decide on the best location for needed hotels.
C) inventory their tourist attractions.
D) hire expert consultants.
E) review the likely demand.
Q3) Which of the following is the most important attribute of an area?
A) clean hotels and restaurants
B) spirit of hospitality
C) attractive shops
D) beautiful natural resources
E) fine climate
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Chapter 17: Tourism and the Environment
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Q1) Which of the following is not a generally accepted principle for achieving sustainable tourism?
A) Take a holistic perspective
B) Address both global and local impacts
C) Ensure tourism destinations are located in national parks
D) Promote sustainable consumption
E) Pursue multi-stakeholder engagement
Q2) Carrying Capacity of a tourism destination is best defined as:
A) the ability of the destination to meet UNWTO standards concerning acceptable levels of tourism visitation.
B) the ability of the destination to support different levels of tourism.
C) the intensity of use in peak periods.
D) the level of economic tourism generated by the destination.
E) the total number of tourists visiting a destination during a one-year period.
Q3) Which of the following is not a core indicator of sustainable tourism?
A) Site protection
B) Stress
C) Waste management
D) Policy
E) Development control
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Chapter 18: Travel and Tourism Research
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Q1) An advantage of the survey method of gathering data is that:
A) it is inexpensive.
B) it takes very little time to plan and execute.
C) it is more realistic simulation of market performance than observation or experimentation.
D) errors are not likely to enter the project.
E) it goes directly to original sources of information.
Q2) The task of motivation research is to:
A) determine which marketing functions are essential.
B) find out just what makes people behave as they do.
C) determine the relationship between disposable income and consumption.
D) trace the relationship between population characteristics and consumption.
E) analyze the quantitative importance of marketing in the United States.
Q3) Primary sources of data:
A) include statistical data provided by the Census Bureau.
B) should only be gathered after secondary sources have been exhausted.
C) are free from investigator bias.
D) rely on the direct observation of physical phenomena in the gathering of data.
E) are the first sources that should be explored.
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Chapter 20: Tourisms Future
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Q1) The probable future of international tourism to the years 2020 is that it will grow:
A) at a rate of about 4.3 percent per annum.
B) at a rate of 3.3 percent.
C) at a rate of 2.3 percent.
D) realistically, nowhere near the above estimates.
E) None of the above.
Q2) Populations of the knowledge-based developed nations will likely be most interested in:
A) people-to-people programs.
B) mass tourism.
C) foreign independent tours.
D) special interest travel.
E) domestic group tours.
Q3) Today's travelers from knowledge-based societies are seeking:
A) restful and relaxing sightseeing kinds of trips.
B) shorter, rather fast-moving itineraries.
C) more interaction with local residents.
D) more time at a destination.
E) c and d
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