Principles of Psychology
Textbook Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Principles of Psychology provides an introduction to the scientific study of human behavior and mental processes. This course covers foundational topics such as perception, learning, memory, motivation, personality, and development, as well as an overview of research methods used in psychology. Students will also explore current issues in psychological science, including biological bases of behavior, mental health disorders, and the influence of social and cultural factors. The course emphasizes critical thinking and the application of psychological principles to everyday life.
Recommended Textbook
Psychology From Inquiry to Understanding 2nd Australia Edition by Scott O. Lilienfeld
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
17 Chapters
2610 Verified Questions
2610 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/3527
Page 2
Chapter 1: Science and Pseudoscience in Psychology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
127 Verified Questions
127 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70060
Sample Questions
Q1) If a psychologist were to develop a theory of cognitive development, he or she would want the theory to explain ________ observations.
A)a moderate number of B)a small number of C)a substantial number of D)very few
Answer: C
Q2) A group of scientists is attempting to verify recent data published on the chemical composition of tears and the presence of Alzheimer's disease. This illustrates the critical-thinking principle of A)ruling out rival hypotheses. B)falsifiability.
C)replicability.
D)Occam's Razor.
Answer: C
Q3) Transcendental temptation, the desire to alleviate our anxiety by embracing the lofty promises of the supernatural, is an example of a(n)________ factor leading to erroneous beliefs.
Answer: motivational
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 3
Chapter 2: Research Methods
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
113 Verified Questions
113 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70059
Sample Questions
Q1) The peer review process is designed to
A)block alternative therapies from being made available to the general public.
B)identify flaws in a research study's methods, findings, and conclusions.
C)make researchers feel bad when their article is not published.
D)place obstacles in front of people whose theories differ from mainstream science.
Answer: B
Q2) What is the authors' position on the use of animal research in psychology?
A)Animal research provides important insights but also comes with costs in terms of death and suffering of these subjects.
B)All animal research must be ended as soon as is possible.
C)It is more desirable to harm animals than to harm humans in the research process.
D)Results from animal research cannot inform us of how the same phenomenon occurs with humans.
Answer: A
Q3) When judging people, we often focus on how closely they fit with our stereotypes of particular groups. According to Kahneman, this is an example of ________ thinking.
Answer: System 1
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 4
Chapter 3: Biological Psychology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
165 Verified Questions
165 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70058
Sample Questions
Q1) The flight-or-fight response is mobilised by the A)central nervous system.
B)somatic nervous system.
C)sympathetic nervous system.
D)parasympathetic nervous system.
Answer: C
Q2) Which structure is like a locked door that only certain neurotransmitter keys can unlock?
A)Synapses
B)Receptor sites
C)Neural chiasms
D)Response terminals
Answer: B
Q3) Eating, drinking, sexual motivation, and body temperature control are most strongly influenced by the ________.
A)hippocampus
B)thalamus
C)hypothalamus
D)amygdala
Answer: C
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 5
Chapter 4: Sensation and Perception
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
141 Verified Questions
141 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70057
Sample Questions
Q1) A ________ is a specialised cell responsible for converting external stimuli into neural activity for a specific sensory system.
A)sense receptor
B)sensory adaptation
C)selective attention
D)cell sensor
Q2) Light, a central player in our visual perception of the world, is a form of A)chemical energy.
B)mechanical energy.
C)vibration.
D)electromagnetic energy.
Q3) When taking a picture, photographers attempt to draw people's attention towards a particular image. This is one example of the Gestalt principle of A)closure.
B)figure-ground.
C)proximity.
D)symmetry.
Q4) What is the danger of lacking the ability to sense pain?
Q5) People who see less than all of the colours are said to be ________.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 6
Chapter 5: Consciousness
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
150 Verified Questions
150 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70056
Sample Questions
Q1) One research finding that has challenged Freud's concept of dreams as wish fulfilment is the fact that approximately ________ percent of dreams do not seem disguised, but rather are straightforward descriptions of everyday events and problems. A)50
B)60
C)80
D)90
Q2) ________ is a disorder caused by a blockage of the airway during sleep.
A)Sleep apnea
B)Narcolepsy
C)Insomnia
D)Sleepwalking
Q3) Jim is 56 years old and slightly overweight. His wife reports that he snores loudly. What sleep disorder seems to fit Jim's symptoms?
A)Sleep apnea
B)Narcolepsy
C)Sleep terror
D)REM sleep behaviour
Q4) Design an intervention to help a person who is complaining of insomnia.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 7
Chapter 6: Learning
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
167 Verified Questions
167 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70055
Sample Questions
Q1) Most token economy conditioning strategies use chips, tokens, or points as ________ reinforcers.
Q2) ________ increases the likelihood of behaviour being repeated, while ________ decreases the likelihood of behaviour being repeated.
Q3) Learned behaviour is less prone to extinction if it is conditioned by ________ reinforcement.
A)partial
B)negative
C)delayed
D)continuous
Q4) Learning that is not directly observable is called ________.
A)insight
B)innate learning
C)vicarious learning
D)latent learning
Q5) In classical conditioning, the CR and the ________ are usually the same.
Q6) The process by which a CS gradually loses its ability to produce a CR is called ________.
Q7) ________ was an advocate of radical behaviourism.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 8
Chapter 7: Memory
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
173 Verified Questions
173 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70054
Sample Questions
Q1) Sabrina has a psychology midterm tomorrow afternoon. Before taking her test, she has to go to her sociology class in the morning. Which of the following provides the best explanation as to why Sabrina might struggle on her psychology exam?
A)Decay
B)Limited capacity of long-term memory
C)Interference
D)Retrieval inhibition
Q2) Your textbook suggests that the research into state-dependent learning has not consistently found the effect to be very powerful. Reasons for this lack of consistent findings include the idea that we learn information in multiple settings, not just one. These different findings provide a problem for the critical-thinking concept of
A)correlation versus causation
B)extraordinary claims
C)Occam's Razor
D)replicability
Q3) Although its existence has not been definitively demonstrated, the existence of a(n)________, or a physical trace of each memory in the brain, has been speculated about for some time.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 9
Chapter 8: Thinking, Reasoning and Language
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
165 Verified Questions
165 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70053
Sample Questions
Q1) Email can often lead to misunderstandings. This is because
A)it lacks extralinguistic information.
B)people misspell more often with email than with pen-and-paper writing.
C)of decreasing literacy levels.
D)most people read email more rapidly than other written forms.
Q2) Which of the following was the individual who was chained to a potty chair in the back of a bedroom and deprived of social interaction until she was 13 years old?
A)Helen Keller
B)Genie
C)Noam Chomsky
D)Raymond
Q3) ________ is a system of communication that combines symbols according to rules and in a way that conveys meaning.
Q4) The basic units of sound in a language, which are called ________, vary in number from one language to the next.
Q5) ________ means that there are an infinite number of unique sentences to be created by combining words in novel ways.
Q6) Spoken English and American Sign Language have ________ syntactic structures.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 10
Chapter 9: Intelligence and Iq Testing
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
158 Verified Questions
158 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70052
Sample Questions
Q1) Research involving family and adoption studies have demonstrated that
A)the higher the percentage of shared genes between people, the higher their IQ correlations will be.
B)siblings reared together and cousins reared together have similar IQ correlations.
C)the correlations between the IQ scores of cousins reared together are very strong.
D)the correlations between the IQ scores of cousins reared together are negative.
Q2) In addition to general intelligence, Charles Spearman believed that intelligence scores also reflected
A)specific intellectual abilities, or s factors.
B)fluid intelligence, or f factors.
C)crystallised intelligence, or c factors.
D)genetic abilities.
Q3) Who is engaged in abstract thinking?
A)Susie, who says that most apples are coloured red
B)Benito, who says the sun might explode one day
C)Gene, who argues that the Red Sox are better than the Yankees this year
D)Marlita, who says her favourite television show is Hannah Montana
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 11
Chapter 10: Human Development
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
164 Verified Questions
164 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70051
Sample Questions
Q1) Sixteen-year old Brenda's parents are political conservatives, while she identifies more with liberal political views. When asked her political orientation, Brenda seems uncertain and does not respond. Brenda is dealing with the ________ crisis.
A)industry versus inferiority
B)autonomy versus shame and doubt
C)ego integrity versus despair
D)identity versus role confusion
Q2) Which of the following would not be considered a major life transition during adulthood?
A)Career change
B)Having children
C)Ageing
D)Finding a romantic partner
Q3) The majority of children who were studied by Mary Ainsworth were labelled as having which of the following attachment styles?
A)Secure
B)Insecure-anxious
C)Insecure-avoidant
D)Disorganised
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 12
Chapter 11: Emotion and Motivation
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
183 Verified Questions
183 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70050
Sample Questions
Q1) During which phase of the human sexual response cycle does a series of muscular contractions pulsate through the genital area?
A)Excitement
B)Resolution
C)Orgasm
D)Desire
Q2) In the context of motivation, drives refer to
A)wants and needs.
B)thoughts and feelings.
C)behaviours and emotions.
D)energy and flow.
Q3) During the ________ phase of the sexual response cycle, people tend to experience relaxation and a sense of well-being.
A)desire
B)orgasm
C)excitement
D)resolution
Q4) One definition of emotion identifies that it involves the synchronisation of ________, ________, and ________ elements
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 13
Chapter 12: Stress, Coping and Health
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
139 Verified Questions
139 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70049
Sample Questions
Q1) What are three approaches researchers have used in the study of stress?
A)Stress as a transaction, appraisal, and outcome
B)Stress as a stimuli, response, and transaction
C)Stress as a process, personality trait, and outcome
D)Stress as coping, appraisal and transaction
Q2) Vanna's mother is ill and Vanna is feeling overwhelmed and sad. To cope with this stress of her mother's illness, Vanna has been writing her feelings down in a journal. Vanna is using ________.
A)problem-focused coping
B)emotion-focused coping
C)distraction
D)reappraisal
Q3) Adams believes that illnesses are caused by a variety of factors. He believes that heart disease is caused by a combination of genetics, lifestyle, social support, and everyday stress. Dr Adams takes the ________ view of medicines.
Q4) Leanne reacts to stress by reaching out to her friends and family. She is displaying the coping mechanism known as ________.
Q5) Emotion-focused coping is most beneficial when events are ________ under our control.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 14
Chapter 13: Social Psychology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
173 Verified Questions
173 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70048
Sample Questions
Q1) Devoid of any retribution, thousands of fans at a football game swarmed the field, climbed on the goal posts, yelled, screamed, and took their clothes off. This behaviour of normally mild-mannered citizens is known as ________.
A)individuation
B)deindividuation
C)demoralisation
D)demonification
Q2) ________ theory proposes that we acquire our attitudes by observing our behaviours.
A)Self-perception
B)Cognitive dissonance
C)Impression management
D)Implicit egotism
Q3) The ________ effect suggests that we're more positively disposed towards people, places, or things that resemble us.
Q4) ________ is an emphasis on group unanimity at the expense of critical thinking.
Q5) ________ is the tendency of people to change their behaviour as a consequence of group behaviour.
Q6) ________ is helping others for unselfish reasons.
Page 15
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 14: Cross-Cultural Psychology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
59 Verified Questions
59 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70047
Sample Questions
Q1) The theoretical orientation which assumes that basic psychological processes are common to all human beings is called ________.
A)relativism
B)universalism
C)structuralism
D)absolutism
Q2) Hassan has fled from warfare in his home country of Somalia. He warmly embraces the values he finds in Australia, especially freedom of expression, and gender and sexual equality. However, he still adheres to many of the precepts of the Islamic faith he practised in Somalia and in Ethiopia where he lived with his mother's people. Which form of acculturation is he currently experiencing?
A)Marginalisation
B)Assimilation
C)Integration
D)Separation
Q3) ________ means studying a culture's behaviour from the point of view of an insider.
Q4) The way we think about ourselves and our place in the world is influenced by the ________ in which we live.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 16
Chapter 15: Personality
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
174 Verified Questions
174 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70046
Sample Questions
Q1) Jayne is a 26-month-old toddler. She is most likely in the ________ stage.
A)oral
B)anal
C)phallic
D)genital
Q2) Illustrate the acceptable and dubious forms of personality assessment that have existed or exist today in the field of personality psychology. Your discussion needs to identify at least one acceptable and two dubious forms of personality assessment.
Q3) According to the humanists, a core motive in human personality development was
A)achieving desired behavioural contingencies.
B)conditional acceptance.
C)self-actualisation.
D)resolving internal motivational conflict.
Q4) In contrast to Freud's theory, the neo-Freudians placed more importance on the role of ________ in achieving healthy personality development.
Q5) According to Freud, the ________ is the part of one's personality that enables us to feel guilt and shame when we fail to live up to our internal standards of appropriate behaviour.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 17
Chapter 16: Psychological Disorders
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
181 Verified Questions
181 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70045
Sample Questions
Q1) Leo worries all of the time. He worries about his money, his children, and his dog. His muscles are always tense and sore, he has trouble sleeping, and is constantly physically tense. Leo's symptoms sound most like ________.
A)panic disorder
B)conversion disorder
C)generalised anxiety disorder
D)a dissociative disorder
Q2) Scott feels that no matter what he does, he will always be unable to master his French vocabulary terms. He points to the fact that he has received a 5/10, 6/10, and 5/10 despite increasing the amount of time he studied each week. As a result, he has stopped going to class and studying. Scott is demonstrating a phenomenon known as
Q3) According to the authors, one possible explanation for the apparent exponential growth in the diagnosis of ________ is the change in diagnostic practices for the disorder in recent years.
Q4) Suppose that Owen has recently attempted to take his own life, but did not complete the suicide. You would most probably predict that he will be ________ to make a future suicide attempt.
Q5) Contrast the demonic and moral treatment approaches of mental illness.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 18
Chapter 17: Psychological and Biological Treatments
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
178 Verified Questions
178 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70044
Sample Questions
Q1) Systematic desensitisation was developed in ________ and gradually exposes clients to ________ situations through the use of imagined scenes.
A)1948; anxiety-producing B)1948; depression-provoking C)1958; anxiety-producing D)1958; depression-provoking
Q2) Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR)has been marketed widely as a breakthrough treatment for ________.
A)schizophrenia
B)bipolar disorders
C)anxiety disorders
D)depression
Q3) Interpersonal therapy (IPT)has shown demonstrated success in substance abuse, eating disorders, and ________.
A)anxiety
B)bipolar disorder
C)depression
D)schizophrenia
Q4) Systematic desensitisation works on the principle of ________.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 19