Principles of Psychology Review Questions
Course Introduction
Principles of Psychology introduces students to the scientific study of behavior and mental processes, exploring foundational concepts such as perception, cognition, learning, memory, motivation, emotion, development, and personality. The course examines major psychological theories and approaches, including biological, behavioral, cognitive, and sociocultural perspectives. Through lectures, readings, and discussions, students gain insight into the methods psychologists use to study the mind and behavior, develop an understanding of psychological disorders and their treatments, and consider the application of psychological principles in everyday life.
Recommended Textbook
Exploring Psychology 10th Edition by Myers
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16 Chapters
7540 Verified Questions
7540 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Thinking Critically With Psychological Science
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475 Verified Questions
475 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The explanatory power of a scientific theory is most closely linked to its capacity to generate testable
A) assumptions.
B) correlations.
C) predictions.
D) variables.
Answer: C
Q2) To assess whether sense of humor is affected by sexual stimulation,researchers exposed married couples to either sexually stimulating or to sexually nonstimulating movie scenes prior to watching a comedy skit.In this research,the independent variable consisted of
A) reactions to the comedy skit.
B) level of sexual stimulation.
C) marital status.
D) sense of humor.
Answer: B
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Chapter 2: The Biology of Behavior
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524 Verified Questions
524 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) If a professor accused you of cheating on a test,your adrenal glands would probably release ________ into your bloodstream.
A) endorphins
B) acetylcholine
C) epinephrine
D) insulin
Answer: C
Q2) Janessa suffered a stroke that destroyed a specific part of her limbic system.Although she remembers events prior to her illness,she is unable to form new memories of her daily experiences.Janessa has most likely suffered damage to the A) thalamus.
B) hippocampus.
C) hypothalamus.
D) amygdala.
Answer: B
Q3) Describe specific functions of our older brain structures,which reveal that our brains are responsible for much more than simply our capacity to think.
Answer: no answer
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4
Chapter 3: Consciousness and the Two-Track Mind
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407 Verified Questions
407 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Since 1960,psychology has regained an interest in consciousness as psychologists of all persuasions began affirming the importance of A) evolutionary psychology.
B) change blindness.
C) neuroscience.
D) cognition.
Answer: D
Q2) In one experiment,many of the research participants who were keeping track of basketball tosses between players failed to notice a gorilla-suited research assistant thumping his chest as he moved among the players.This best illustrated A) blindsight.
B) the popout phenomenon.
C) inattentional blindness.
D) the cocktail party effect.
Answer: C
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Chapter 4: Developing Through the Life Span
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571 Verified Questions
571 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Five-year-olds who were surprised to discover that a Band-Aid box contained pencils were able to anticipate their friend's false belief about the contents of the box.This best illustrates that the children had developed a A) secure attachment.
B) conventional morality.
C) theory of mind.
D) concept of conservation.
Q2) A critical period is a phase during which
A) children frequently disobey and resist their parents.
B) children become able to think hypothetically and reason abstractly.
C) parents frequently show impatience with a child's slowness in becoming toilet trained.
D) exposure to certain experiences is needed for proper development.
Q3) According to Kohlberg,postconventional morality involves
A) behavior based on self-interest.
B) affirmation of self-defined ethical principles.
C) strong concern for social approval.
D) unquestioning obedience to authority figures.
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Chapter 5: Sex, Gender, and Sexuality
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378 Verified Questions
378 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In a group discussion,women are ________ likely than men to express support for others' opinions.As group leaders,women are ________ likely than men to promote a democratic leadership style.
A) less;more
B) more;more
C) less;less
D) more;less
Q2) The descriptions of orgasm written by men and women are ________,and the subcortical brain regions active in men and women during orgasm are ________.
A) different;similar
B) similar;different
C) different;different
D) similar;similar
Q3) Women are more likely than men to experience
A) genital arousal during their dreams.
B) sexually vivid dreams that lead to orgasm.
C) sexually romantic fantasies.
D) fantasies of coercing someone else into having sex.
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Chapter 6: Sensation and Perception
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551 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The amount of light reflected by an object relative to the amount reflected by surrounding objects is called
A) continuity.
B) interposition.
C) retinal disparity.
D) relative luminance.
Q2) Caroline wonders whether her 10-month-old daughter can perceive depth well enough to avoid crawling over the edge of a tall platform in her church auditorium.Researchers could safely assess her daughter's perceptual ability using A) a visual afterimage.
B) a Necker cube.
C) a visual cliff.
D) the Moon illusion.
Q3) The ability to simultaneously recognize the color,shape,size,and speed of an oncoming automobile best illustrates A) afterimages.
B) parallel processing.
C) opponent processes.
D) blindsight.
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Learning
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416 Verified Questions
416 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an unconditioned response?
A) playing jump rope
B) running through a maze to get a food reward
C) sweating in hot weather
D) clapping after a thrilling concert performance
Q2) In a well-known experiment,preschool children pounded and kicked a large inflated Bobo doll that an adult had just beaten on.This experiment served to illustrate the importance of:
A) operant conditioning.
B) classical conditioning.
C) observational learning.
D) vicarious punishment.
Q3) Nikki has learned to expect the sound of thunder whenever she sees a flash of lightning.This suggests that associative learning involves:
A) intrinsic motivation.
B) cognitive processes.
C) mirror neurons.
D) genetic predispositions.
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9
Chapter 8: Memory
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Sample Questions
Q1) By activating the amygdala,stress hormones promote
A) the production of propranolol.
B) infantile amnesia.
C) the serial position effect.
D) long-term potentiation.
Q2) Using the mnemonic ROY G.BIV to remember the colors of the rainbow in the order of wavelength illustrates the use of:
A) the testing effect.
B) acronyms.
C) the spacing effect.
D) the peg-word system.
Q3) We encode implicit memories by means of:
A) recall.
B) working memory.
C) automatic processing.
D) the peg-word system.
Q4) A friend claims that the faster you read,the more you remember.Use your knowledge of effortful processing and effective encoding strategies to refute your friend's claim.
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Chapter 9: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence
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588 Verified Questions
588 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Experts who defend intelligence tests against the charge of being culturally biased and discriminatory would be most likely to highlight the ________ of intelligence tests.
A) stability
B) content validity
C) predictive validity
D) heritability
Q2) The heritability of intelligence is lowest among:
A) genetically similar individuals who have been raised in similar environments.
B) genetically different individuals who have been raised in similar environments.
C) genetically similar individuals who have been raised in different environments.
D) genetically different individuals who have been raised in different environments.
Q3) Superior performance on intelligence tests is most likely to be indicative of:
A) Sternberg's concept of analytical intelligence.
B) Gardner's concept of athletic intelligence.
C) Thorndike's concept of social intelligence.
D) Mayer's concept of emotional intelligence.
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11
Chapter 10: Motivation and Emotion
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501 Verified Questions
501 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Boyd,a suspect in a criminal investigation,has agreed to take a lie detector test.The machine used in this test is most likely to measure his:
A) blood sugar levels.
B) pupil dilation.
C) hormone secretions.
D) perspiration levels.
Q2) In psychology,________ is passion and perseverance in the pursuit of long-term goals.
A) grit
B) narcissism
C) ostracism
D) self-disclosure
Q3) Aaron is motivated to engage in risky activities simply for the sake of the thrill they give him.His motivation is best explained by:
A) arousal theory.
B) the two-factor theory.
C) drive-reduction theory.
D) the James-Lange theory.
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Chapter 11: Stress, Health, and Human Flourishing
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367 Verified Questions
367 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In recent years,Hispanics relocating to the United States have faced the challenges of mastering a new language as well as new social customs and legal requirements.Adjusting to these challenges most clearly entails:
A) the tend-and-befriend response.
B) increased lymphocyte production.
C) acculturative stress.
D) catharsis.
Q2) Juan and Berta were millionaires who lost half their life savings due to a bad investment decision.Which of the following best explains why after three years Juan and Berta seem to have suffered no permanent loss of happiness?
A) relative deprivation
B) the feel-good,do-good phenomenon.
C) an external locus of control
D) the adaptation-level phenomenon
Q3) Who is the best example of a type A personality?
A) Mara,an irritable,impatient teacher
B) Rashida,a highly intelligent,introverted librarian
C) Wilma,a friendly,altruistic social worker
D) Charisse,a fun-loving,self-indulgent university student
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Social Psychology
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643 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) When a mild-mannered woman had an electrode implanted in her amygdala,she A) developed more aggressive tendencies.
B) acted just as she had before the implantation.
C) became even milder,unable even to say "no" to anyone's request for help.
D) lost her ability to remember events that had recently occurred.
Q2) Most children believe their school is better than the other schools in town.This best illustrates
A) the just-world phenomenon.
B) ingroup bias.
C) outgroup homogeneity.
D) scapegoating.
Q3) An observer is likely to express greater liking for a same-sex stranger if that person's image has some distinctive features of the observer's own face.This best illustrates the impact of
A) the mere exposure effect.
B) mirror-image perceptions.
C) a self-fulfilling prophecy.
D) self-disclosure.
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Chapter 13: Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Amanda is consistently optimistic,talkative,and impulsive.Each of these characteristics most clearly represents
A) a conscious motive.
B) the need for self-esteem.
C) self-efficacy.
D) a trait.
Q2) The role of repressed childhood conflicts in personality disorders is most clearly emphasized by the ________ perspective.
A) trait
B) social-cognitive
C) psychoanalytic
D) humanistic
Q3) Children who release unexpressed anger toward their parents by kicking the family pet illustrate the defense mechanism of A) projection.
B) displacement.
C) regression.
D) reaction formation.
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Chapter 14: Psychological Disorders
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533 Verified Questions
533 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Inattention,hyperactivity,and impulsivity are major symptoms of A) OCD.
B) PTSD.
C) ADHD.
D) DSM.
Q2) Immigrants to the United States from Mexico average ________ mental health than Mexican-Americans born in the United States.Immigrants to the United States from Asia average ________ mental health than Asian-Americans born in the United States.
A) better;poorer
B) poorer;better
C) better;better
D) poorer;poorer
Q3) Malik has an irrational fear of dogs.He refuses to visit friends with dogs or watch television programs with dogs,and he takes a very specific route when running in order to avoid dogs.Malik suffers from A) posttraumatic stress disorder.
B) a specific phobia.
C) social anxiety disorder.
D) agoraphobia.
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Therapy
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419 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Psychologists with a Ph.D.or Psy.D.who specialize in the practice of psychotherapy are typically
A) social workers.
B) clinical psychologists.
C) psychoanalysts.
D) psychiatrists.
Q2) The practice of ________ is based on the application of operant conditioning principles.
A) unconditional positive regard
B) systematic desensitization
C) free association
D) behavior modification
Q3) Some research indicates that ECT works by weakening connections in a "hyperconnected" neural hub in the left ________ lobe.
A) frontal
B) temporal
C) parietal
D) occipital
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Chapter 16: Exploring the Role of Industrial-Organizational Psychology
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242 Verified Questions
242 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When Mr.Adams calculated his students' algebra test scores,he noticed that two students had extremely low scores.Which measure of central tendency is affected most by the scores of these two students?
A) mean
B) standard deviation
C) mode
D) median
Q2) Human factors psychology is a distinct field that is allied with A) clinical psychology.
B) personnel psychology.
C) social psychology.
D) industrial-organizational psychology.
Q3) Dr.Thompson develops interview questions that will effectively predict job applicants' success in specific work positions.Her work best illustrates that of a(n)________ psychologist.
A) personnel
B) organizational
C) human factors
D) clinical
Page 18
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