Principles of Psychology Practice Exam
Course Introduction
Principles of Psychology provides a foundational overview of the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. The course explores key psychological concepts, theories, and research methods, covering topics such as perception, learning, memory, motivation, emotion, development, personality, and social interaction. Students will examine the biological and environmental influences on behavior, gain insight into major psychological perspectives, and apply critical thinking and analysis to understand mental health and everyday human experiences. This course prepares students for advanced study in psychology and related fields by fostering a broad understanding of how psychological principles shape individual and group behavior.
Recommended Textbook
Psychological Science 3rd Canadian Edition by Michael Gazzaniga
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16 Chapters
2522 Verified Questions
2522 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction
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94 Verified Questions
94 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT one of the ways in which functionalism has been applied to the real world?
A) determining the function of religion
B) developing better ways of applying divergent thinking and creativity in the classroom
C) determining teaching methods based on how children's minds process information
D) developing reward and punishment programs and token economies
Answer: D
Q2) Which of the following psychologists is most closely associated with the school of structuralism?
A) Sigmund Freud
B) B.F. Skinner
C) Wilhelm Wundt
D) William James
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: Research Methodology
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128 Verified Questions
128 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) If a researcher applies scalp electrodes to get measurements of brain activity, the researcher is using:
A) PET scans
B) fMRIs
C) EEG recordings
D) transcranial magnetic stimulation
Answer: C
Q2) The process by which any deception used in a study is explained to a participant is called:
A) debriefing
B) informed consent
C) relief of confidentiality
D) relief from relative risk
Answer: A
Q3) A specific prediction of behaviour that is tested in an experiment is called a:
A) theory
B) hypothesis
C) sample
D) naturalistic observation
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Biological Foundations
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172 Verified Questions
172 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which is an example of sexual dimorphism?
A) differences in cognitive functioning between men and women
B) existence of homosexuality
C) changes in the size of the corpus callosum in left versus right handers
D) hermaphrodite syndromes
Answer: A
Q2) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the cerebral cortex?
A) It has a wrinkled appearance.
B) It is the largest part of the human brain.
C) The corpus callosum provides connections between the two hemispheres.
D) Damage to this area typically results in death.
Answer: D
Q3) The amygdala plays an important role in ____________, while the hippocampus plays an important role in ____________.
A) fear or emotional reactions; spatial memory
B) emotions; automatic behaviours
C) spatial memory; fear or emotional reactions
D) automatic behaviours; emotions
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: The Mind and Consciousness
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129 Verified Questions
129 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A synonym for awareness could be:
A) perception
B) understanding
C) alertness
D) hypertension
Q2) A person would be LEAST likely to experience flow during which of the following activities:
A) painting a picture
B) watching television
C) talking to a friend
D) playing a game of pick-up basketball
Q3) Following damage to the visual cortex, a rare occurrence may cause you to be unable to see anything, yet other parts of the brain recognize what you claim not to see. This phenomenon is known as:
A) visiospatial sketchpad
B) blindsight
C) unconscious occipital awareness
D) foresight
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6
Chapter 5: Sensation and Perception
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143 Verified Questions
143 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Li-Ting is painting a picture. She paints a vase of flowers and then, right next to it, half of a book. When Bijal looks at the painting, she sees the book as being _____________ because of ____________.
A) adjacent to the vase; occlusion
B) adjacent to the vase; linear perspective
C) behind the vase; linear perspective
D) behind the vase; occlusion
Q2) On Monday, Manuel interviewed for a job that he really wants. The interviewer told Manuel that he would call on Friday to tell Manuel if he got the job. On late Friday afternoon, Manuel is trying to study, but whenever he hears a sound, he jumps up and thinks it's the phone. Manuel is showing ____________, a concept described in
A) response bias; psychophysics
B) sensory adaptation; psychophysics
C) response bias; signal detection theory
D) sensory adaptation; signal detection theory
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Chapter 6: Learning
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157 Verified Questions
157 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Navario is refusing to do his homework but wants to go out to play. His mother tells him he is not allowed to play until the homework is finished. His mother is using:
A) positive punishment
B) biological preparedness
C) the Premack principle
D) the principle of shaping
Q2) Imitation learning is facilitated by special brain structures known as:
A) motor cortices
B) sensory cortices
C) mirror neurons
D) NMDA receptors
Q3) The imitation of observed behaviour is known as:
A) operant learning
B) play learning
C) monkeying
D) modelling
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Chapter 7: Attention and Memory
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167 Verified Questions
167 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Research has shown that memories can be distorted because of beliefs that people already hold when the memory is formed. These earlier beliefs are part of cognitive:
A) nodes
B) schemas
C) biases
D) frames
Q2) Which of the following is an example of prospective memory?
A) learning history dates for your test tomorrow
B) daydreaming about your date next Friday night
C) planning to stop for a library book on your way home
D) deciding which of several things you will do this weekend
Q3) Elaboration is an effective mnemonic strategy because the information learned is processed:
A) more often
B) more deeply
C) more intentionally
D) more automatically
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Chapter 8: Thinking and Intelligence
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188 Verified Questions
188 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Most proposed designs for the Vietnam War Memorial involved statues of soldiers. The winning design was a low black wall inscribed with the names of the dead. The architect who submitted the winning design is clearly very high in Sternberg's ____________ intelligence.
A) analytical
B) practical
C) creative
D) emotional
Q2) A classic children's game involves placing a set of objects on a table under a cloth. The cloth is lifted very briefly. After the cloth is replaced, the child then tries to remember as many of the objects as possible. Eleazar (IQ 132), Sean (110), Suzanne (112), and Diem (125) are playing. In what order (from high to low) should the children score in this game?
A) Eleazar, Diem, Sean, Suzanne
B) Eleazar, Diem, Suzanne, Sean
C) Sean, Suzanne, Diem, Eleazar
D) Sean/Suzanne, Diem, Eleazar
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Chapter 9: Motivation and Emotion
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166 Verified Questions
166 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Luiz is walking home late at night when he hears footsteps behind him. He is instantly frightened and gets ready to run. He glances over his shoulder and sees that it is the neighbourhood police officer on patrol. Realizing there is nothing to fear, he calms down. Luiz's first fear response was processed by the path from the ____________ and his second calming response was processed by the path from the ____________.
A) thalamus to the amygdala; thalamus to the sensory cortex to the amygdala
B) thalamus to the sensory cortex to the amygdala; thalamus to the amygdala
C) amygdala to the thalamus; amygdala to the sensory cortex to the thalamus
D) amygdala to the sensory cortex to the thalamus; amygdala to the thalamus
Q2) The Gianellis adopted Abigail and two years later adopted Cassandra, each from a different set of biological parents. As the girls get older, you would expect that the evidence for genetic influences on their levels of guilt would get ____________ and the evidence for the influence of a shared environment on guilt would get
A) stronger; stronger
B) weaker; weaker
C) weaker; stronger
D) stronger; weaker
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Chapter 10: Health and Well-Being
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156 Verified Questions
156 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Brenda has used a primary appraisal, but not a secondary appraisal, in her analysis of an event. Because she has not used secondary appraisal, we can guess that the event was:
A) related to Brenda's self-identity
B) followed by a physiological response
C) non-threatening
D) highly emotional
Q2) Jamie has an older brother who smokes. Jamie is:
A) less likely to start smoking than other kids
B) more likely to start smoking than other kids
C) no more and no less likely to start smoking than other kids
D) more likely to be a problem drinker, whether or not he smokes
Q3) Katie's professor is giving a test tomorrow, but has not told the students what will be on the test. Katie is not sure how or what to study and feels nervous about her upcoming performance. The most effective coping strategy for Katie to use the night before the exam is:
A) emotion-focused coping
B) positive reappraisal
C) anticipatory coping
D) a defense mechanism
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Chapter 11: Human Development
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178 Verified Questions
178 Flashcards
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Sample
Questions
Q1) While a child watches, you hide a Cheerio under one of two cups in front of her. The first three times you hide it under the blue cup and the fourth time under the red cup. She still looks for the Cheerio under the blue cup. This child has not yet fully comprehended:
A) differences in colour
B) assimilation
C) accommodation
D) object permanence
Q2) Your brother's son shows evidence of understanding both abstract thought and the use of symbols. Piaget would place him in the ____________ stage of development.
A) concrete operational
B) formal operational
C) preoperational
D) sensorimotor
Q3) Babies generate their first words at around:
A) 6 months
B) 1 year
C) 18 months
D) 2 years
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Social Psychology
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149 Verified Questions
149 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Men raised in the southern United States in the 1970s responded to verbally aggressive behaviour by a confederate in a psychology study by:
A) increases in cortisol and testosterone
B) violence against the confederate
C) refusing to participate in the study
D) challenging the confederate's bad behaviour
Q2) Miriam believes that she is not an attractive woman. As a result, she wears drab clothes and no makeup. Whenever a man shows interest in her, she thinks that he is just being kind. Miriam's behaviour is an example of a(n):
A) attributional bias
B) self-serving bias
C) self-fulfilling prophecy
D) personal stereotype
Q3) According to the idea of kin selection, Hannah is mostly likely to behave altruistically toward her:
A) husband
B) brother's son
C) adopted daughter
D) stepson
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Personality
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190 Verified Questions
190 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When it comes to personality, most psychologists recognize that personality emerges from:
A) unconditional positive regard which leads to positive mental health
B) childhood experiences as one passes through the psychosexual stages
C) learning from psychological experiences with little or no influence from genetics
D) biological factors including genes, brain structures, and neurochemistry
Q2) Which of the following best reflects the meaning of the term phenomenology?
A) understanding people through subjective and personal reports
B) the study of odd or bizarre events in someone's life history
C) the study of social behaviours that impact people's personalities
D) another word for positive psychology
Q3) ____________ is a trait that appears in both Eysenck's hierarchical model and in the five-factor theory.
A) Conscientiousness
B) Agreeableness
C) Openness to experience
D) Neuroticism
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Chapter 14: Psychological Disorders
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184 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) If everyone born in Ottawa, Ontario, had damage to the left prefrontal cortex, we would expect to see higher rates of ____________ in that city.
A) schizophrenia
B) specific phobias
C) depression
D) hypomania
Q2) When you leave your room to go to the library with your roommate, he goes back several times to make sure the door is locked. You have also noted that he cleans the room frequently even when it isn't dirty. These are symptoms of:
A) generalized anxiety disorder
B) agoraphobia
C) obsessive-compulsive disorder
D) panic disorder
Q3) The diathesis-stress model of mental illness focuses on:
A) cultural factors in mental illness
B) the interaction between parenting style and life stress
C) stress as the primary cause of illness
D) the interaction between genetic predispositions and the environment
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16
Chapter 15: Treatment of Psychological Disorders
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209 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Research on relapse in patients with depression compares the effects of placebo treatment to active drug treatment for a year after patients' depression has subsided. This research has shown that:
A) both placebos and active drugs prevent relapse
B) active drugs prevent relapse better than a placebo
C) neither drugs nor placebos are needed after depression has subsided, as it tends to "cure itself" after about a year
D) relapse can only be prevented by behavioural therapy
Q2) Talisa is a university student and is seeking mental health services on her campus.
She will most likely be seen by:
A) a school psychiatrist
B) an educational psychologist
C) a counselling psychologist
D) a psychiatric social worker
Q3) In general, placebo treatments for depression have been found to:
A) have little to no effect on mental health functioning
B) alter brain activity and improve depression in a minority of people
C) have an effect equivalent to most forms of therapy
D) have a larger effect than most forms of therapy
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Page 17
Chapter 16: Cultural Psychology
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112 Verified Questions
112 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Culture in animals other than humans is a result of:
A) classical conditioning
B) social learning
C) genetic predisposition
D) a unique environment
Q2) Self-report measures of social anxiety are higher in ____________ than in
A) East Asia; the West
B) the West; East Asia
C) individualistic cultures; collectivistic cultures
D) Japan; China
Q3) Cultural differences in ____________ can ameliorate or worsen schizophrenia.
A) family dynamics
B) mental stereotypes
C) behavioural stereotypes
D) adult temperament
Q4) The course of schizophrenia is significantly better for patients living in:
A) a collectivistic rather than individualistic society
B) less developed societies rather than more industrialized ones
C) an individualistic rather than a collectivistic society
Page 18
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