Course Introduction
Principles of Psychology Final Exam
Questions
Principles of Psychology offers a comprehensive introduction to the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. This course explores foundational topics such as sensation and perception, learning, memory, cognition, development, motivation, emotion, personality, psychological disorders, and therapy. Students will examine theories, methodologies, and applications within psychology, gaining insights into how biological, psychological, and social factors interact to shape individual behavior. By engaging with research and real-world examples, students develop critical thinking skills and an appreciation for the empirical nature of psychological inquiry.
Recommended Textbook
Psychology 2nd Canadian Edition by Saundra
K. Ciccarelli
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15 Chapters
3308 Verified Questions
3308 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Science of Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Name which of the following early psychologists would have been most likely to agree with the statement "The study of the mind should focus on how it allows us to adapt to our surroundings."
A)Wilhelm Wundt
B)William James
C)John Watson
D)Sigmund Freud
Answer: B
Q2) What is one of the major reasons that psychologists report results publicly?
A)to comply with legal requirements
B)to identify all the extraneous variables
C)to allow researchers to replicate experiments
D)to explain research results so that non-psychologists can understand
Answer: C
Q3) In that same experiment,the control group is the one that gets:
A)only one drink of orange juice with vodka.
B)a fake test of memory.
C)only something to eat.
D)the orange juice without vodka.
Answer: D
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Chapter 2: The Biological Perspective
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements concerning critical thinking is incorrect?
A)There are few truths that need not be tested.
B)All evidence is not equal in quality.
C)Some authorities should not be questioned.
D)Critical thinking requires an open mind.
Answer: C
Q2) The sex glands,which secrete hormones that regulate sexual development and behaviour as well as reproduction,are called: A)ovaries.
B)the gonads.
C)the pineal glands.
D)testes.
Answer: B
Q3) The endocrine glands secrete chemicals called:
A)pheromones into the bloodstream.
B)hormones into the bloodstream.
C)pheromones onto bodily tissues.
D)hormones onto bodily tissues.
Answer: B
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Sensation and Perception
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following represents the correct path of light through the eye?
A)iris,cornea,lens,retina
B)cornea,vitreous humour,iris,lens,aqueous humour,retina
C)cornea,pupil,lens,vitreous humour,retina
D)cornea,lens,pupil,iris,retina
Answer: C
Q2) A sound mixer is impressed by the new equipment that was just installed in his recording studio.He says that now he will be able to help singers and musicians produce better CDs because he can eliminate unneeded and undesired wavelengths.What term describes the characteristic of sounds waves that the sound mixer is now able to alter?
A)purity
B)amplitude
C)frequency
D)saturation
Answer: C
Q3) The amount of light let into the eye is controlled by the iris.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Consciousness: Sleep, Dreams, Hypnosis, and Drugs
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Sample Questions
Q1) The activation-synthesis hypothesis of dreaming states that:
A)the purpose of dreaming is to express unconscious wishes,thoughts,and conflicts.
B)dreams are merely another kind of thinking; dreams occur because of random brain stem signals.
C)the purpose of dreaming is to resolve current concerns and problems.
D)dreaming is a by-product of a process of eliminating or strengthening neural
Q2) Heroin addiction has been treated with:
A)morphine.
B)LSD.
C)methadone.
D)amphetamines.
Q3) Which of the following statements best explains why we get tired at night?
A)There is no physical reason why; we have been psychologically and socially conditioned to feel tired and sleep at night.
B)Our body temperature and heart rate drop at night,causing us to feel tired.
C)Our pineal gland stops producing melatonin at night,causing us to feel tired.
D)There is a nucleus in the brain that is sensitive to light and tells us when to wake and sleep.
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Chapter 5: Learning
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Sample Questions
Q1) Rescorla's modern conceptualization of classical conditioning is based on the idea that:
A)the CS substitutes for the UCS.
B)there is a biological readiness for conditioning to occur between the CS and UCS.
C)the CS has to provide an expectancy about the coming of the unconditioned stimulus.
D)reinforcement must occur by providing a pleasant event.
Q2) Seligman found many similarities between his "helpless" dogs and people suffering from:
A)aggressive behaviour syndrome.
B)mental illness.
C)schizophrenia.
D)depression.
Q3) Changes controlled by a genetic blueprint,such as an increase in height or the size of the brain,are examples of:
A)maturation.
B)learning.
C)individual evolution.
D)growth cycles.
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7
Chapter 6: Memory
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Sample Questions
Q1) Decay theory works well to explain forgetting in:
A)sensory memory and long-term memory.
B)short-term memory and long-term memory.
C)long-term memory only.
D)sensory memory and short-term memory.
Q2) Luria's mnemonist suffered from the problem of not being able to forget trivial things.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Memory for fear of objects is most likely stored in the cerebellum.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Echoic memory is the auditory form of sensory memory,which takes the form of an echo that lasts for up to 1.5 seconds.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Constructive processing is the process of altering memories of the past so that they are more positive.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Cognition: Thinking, Intelligence, and Language
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Sample Questions
Q1) In order to conclusively show that animals do use language,one would have to demonstrate that the language:
A)had an auditory,or sound,component.
B)had a genetic or instinctual base.
C)used arbitrary symbols.
D)animals had the vocal structure to form spoken words.
Q2) Which of the following questions would be more likely to produce divergent thinking?
A)"What is a stapler?"
B)"How do you spell stapler?"
C)"How many uses can you think of for a stapler?"
D)"What does a stapler look like?"
Q3) According to Robert Sternberg,__________________ refers to the ability to break problems down into component parts,or analysis,for problem solving.This is the type of intelligence that is measured by intelligence tests and academic achievement tests.
A)analytical intelligence
B)creative intelligence
C)practical intelligence
D)logical/mathematical
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Page 9
Chapter 8: Development Across the Life Span
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Sample Questions
Q1) The gradual decline in the sexual reproductive system of males is called:
A)menopause.
B)andropause.
C)male menopause.
D)change of life.
Q2) Which of the following is TRUE regarding attachment styles?
A)Insecure attachment is related to physical illness.
B)Daycare is the best predictor of insecure attachment style.
C)Attachment style only relates to child behaviour,not adult behaviour.
D)Attachment style is a function of genetics more than environment.
Q3) Your little brother has a big ball of clay.While he watches,you roll the ball of clay into a long,snakelike shape.He begins to cry because he thinks he has less clay now.Which of Piaget's stages is your brother likely to be in?
A)sensorimotor
B)preoperational
C)formal operational
D)concrete operational
Q4) Most people's vision and hearing remain at peak functioning until around age 50.
A)True
B)False
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Motivation and Emotion
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to cognitive-mediational theory,what is likely to influence an individual's emotional experience?
A)the feedback of others
B)the intensity of the situation
C)the interpretation of the environment
D)the type of physiological reaction that takes place
Q2) Canadian researcher Judy Cameron's work on intrinsic motivation suggests:
A)external rewards negatively effect intrinsic motivation.
B)current research on the subject is inconclusive.
C)intrinsic motivation is enhanced by external rewards and combined with competition.
D)intrinsic motivation is increased when interesting tasks and external rewards are combined.
Q3) Schachter and Singer proposed that two things have to happen before emotion occurs: _____ and _____.
A)physical arousal; fight or flight
B)cognition; behaviour
C)physical arousal; labeling
D)behaviour; physical arousal
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Chapter 10: Stress and Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) Iram made a New Year's resolution to promote wellness in his life.Which of the following are ways in which he can begin to incorporate wellness into his life?
A)Exercise regularly.
B)Eat fatty foods.
C)Take on more responsibility at work.
D)Spend more time alone.
Q2) Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement regarding Berkowitz's frustration-aggression hypothesis?
A)Frustration creates an internal readiness to aggress.
B)Aggression will not follow frustration unless certain external cues are present.
C)Frustration does not always lead to aggression.
D)Frustration always leads to aggression.
Q3) What is the term for the network of friends,family members,neighbours,co-workers,and others who can offer help to a person in need?
A)friendship
B)camaraderie
C)peer counselling
D)social support system
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Chapter 11: Theories of Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) What psychoanalytic theorist most notably influenced the Big Five theory of personality?
A)Freud
B)Jung
C)Erikson
D)Horney
Q2) Which of the following is not one of the traits found to have a genetic component in studies of identical twins?
A)intelligence
B)leadership abilities
C)antagonism
D)aggressiveness
Q3) According to Freud,personality develops through a series of psychosexual stages.The last stage is called the ___________ stage.
A)latency
B)anal
C)genital
D)phallic
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13
Chapter 12: Social Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT an example of "groupthink"?
A)the Challenger disaster
B)the Titanic
C)the Boston Red Sox
D)The Walkerton water crisis
Q2) "I hate Disneyworld.Whenever I take the kids there,I realize how much I hate that place." Which method of attitude formation is involved in this example?
A)direct contact
B)direct instruction
C)vicarious conditioning
D)observational learning
Q3) An attitude has four major components.
A)True
B)False
Q4) According to Sternberg,consummate love requires only passion and intimacy.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Stereotypes overestimate the differences among people in other groups.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Psychological Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) ______ schizophrenia is characterized by delusions of persecution,grandeur,and jealousy,together with hallucinations.
A)Disorganized
B)Paranoid
C)Residual
D)Catatonic
Q2) Any pattern of behaviour that causes people significant distress,causes harm to others,or harms their ability to function in daily life is called:
A)a psychological disorder.
B)humours.
C)stress syndrome.
D)adaptive behaviour.
Q3) Gender identity disorder is characterized by someone who obtains sexual arousal from wearing clothing of the opposite sex.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Excessive worry is a feature of mood disorders.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 14: Psychological Therapies
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Sample Questions
Q1) A type of therapy in which clients meet regularly in a group setting and discuss problems under the guidance of a single therapist is called ______ therapy.
A)social
B)informal
C)group
D)Gestalt
Q2) Which of the following is a key component of Freud's theory of psychoanalysis?
A)cognition
B)empathy
C)dream interpretation
D)unconditional positive regard
Q3) The use of objects that can be traded for food,candy,treats,or special privileges with the purpose of reinforcing behaviour is called a:
A)participant modelling technique.
B)contingency contract.
C)group extinction procedure.
D)token economy.
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Chapter 15: Psychology and Human Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which major life event on the Social Readjustment Rating Scale has the highest number of life-change units?
A)divorce
B)marriage
C)death of a spouse
D)damage to the home
Q2) Which of the following is correct concerning cross-cultural studies on trait theories?
A)No evidence has been found to support these theories.
B)Research in this area is too new to report any findings.
C)Evidence for the five trait dimensions has been found in several cultures.
D)Most cultural research methods are too vague to be validated.
Q3) Which of the following is the most common mental disorder associated with suicide?
A)depression
B)anxiety
C)delusions
D)schizophrenia
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