Principles of Pharmacology Test Preparation
Course Introduction
Principles of Pharmacology provides a comprehensive introduction to the foundational concepts of how drugs interact with biological systems. The course covers the mechanisms of drug action, pharmacokinetics (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion), pharmacodynamics, adverse drug reactions, drug interactions, and the factors influencing individual responses to medications. Emphasis is placed on understanding the molecular and physiological basis of drug actions, the rationale for drug use in medical treatment, and the principles guiding drug development and regulation. This course prepares students for advanced studies in clinical pharmacology, pharmacy, medicine, and related health sciences.
Recommended Textbook
Introduction to Clinical Pharmacology 7th Edition by Marilyn Edmunds
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24 Chapters
575 Verified Questions
575 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1131 Page 2
Chapter 1: Pharmacology and the Nursing Process in LPN Practice
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25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22201
Sample Questions
Q1) When performing an initial patient assessment,which of the following would be considered objective data? (Select all that apply. )
A) Abdominal pain reported by the patient
B) The patient's vital signs (blood pressure,pulse,temperature,etc. )
C) Documents such as old laboratory results,EEG printouts,or x-rays brought in by the patient
D) Home medications with patient labels brought in by the patient
E) The chief problem or complaint as stated by the patient
Answer: B,C,D
Q2) In some settings,identifying the patient who is at risk for medication error (confused or critically ill)can be accomplished by which of the following processes?
A) Asking the patient his or her name and room number
B) Asking the patient's roommate the patient's name
C) Carrying the patient's chart with you to the room
D) Using the portable computer to scan the identification bracelet
Answer: D
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3
Chapter 2: Patient Teaching and Health Literacy
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31 Verified Questions
31 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22202
Sample Questions
Q1) The LPN is teaching a patient about the side effects of her hypertension medication.Research has shown that the nurse should tell the patient about all the side effects of this medication for which of the following reasons?
A) Medications are hard to recognize by color and shape only.
B) Patients want to be able to discuss their medications.
C) Patients must be able to recognize side effects correctly.
D) Medication names are easier to pronounce.
Answer: C
Q2) The nurse is teaching a patient with a new diagnosis of hypothyroidism.The patient is anxious and fears gaining weight with this condition.Which of the following will help this patient's learning process?
A) Allow the patient to go home and read the information.
B) Let the patient watch television for 2 hours before teaching.
C) Give the teaching sessions in a systematic manner.
D) Only tell the patient what he wants to hear.
Answer: C
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4
Chapter 3: Legal Aspects Affecting the Administration of Medications
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24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22203
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is the title of legislation passed in 2001 for health care workers?
A) Federal Food,Drugs,and Cosmetic Act
B) Durham-Humphrey Amendment
C) Kefauver-Harris Amendment
D) Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act
Answer: D
Q2) To identify medication errors in a patient's orders,a nurse can do which of the following? (Select all that apply. )
A) Clarify any unreadable or ambiguous orders with the prescribing physician.
B) Check the order in a medication Kardex.
C) Ask the patient about the medication.
D) Identify the medication with an old medication record.
Answer: A,B
Q3) Which of the following medications is an example of a controlled substance?
A) Birth control pills
B) An antibiotic
C) Codeine
D) A laxative
Answer: C
5
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Chapter 4: Foundations and Principles of Pharmacology
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26 Verified Questions
26 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22204
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following can affect the half-life of a drug?
A) Patient age
B) Liver dysfunction
C) Cardiac disease
D) Smoking
Q2) The process by which molecules move from a region of higher concentration to one of lower concentration is known as which of the following?
A) Diffusion
B) Osmosis
C) Filtration
D) Solubility
Q3) A patient is on a cardiac medication and has been drinking alcohol every evening while watching television.On a visit to the clinic,he tells the nurse this information and asks if this is all right.Which of the following should be the nurse's response?
A) "Limit your alcohol use to 8 ounces a day with a meal."
B) "Alcohol and drugs may alter the drug's ability to work."
C) "There is no alteration with alcohol and drugs if you eat."
D) "The effects of alcohol and drugs only alter sometimes."
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Chapter 5: Lifespan and Cultural Modifications
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18 Verified Questions
18 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22205
Sample Questions
Q1) A pregnant patient asks the nurse what "teratogenic effect" of medications means.The nurse states that it is which of the following?
A) The ability to cause damage to the pregnant woman
B) A type of anaphylactic reaction in the pregnant woman
C) The ability to cause damage to the fetus
D) A term for stating the therapeutic effect of the medication for the fetus
Q2) Hormone-replacement therapy for menopausal women helps reduce the incidence of which of the following?
A) Varicose veins
B) Osteoporosis
C) Hypertension
D) Depression
Q3) Which of the following people,as a condition of their work,are required to maintain current immunizations? (Select all that apply. )
A) People in the military
B) Chefs
C) Health care providers
D) Teachers
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19 Verified Questions
19 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22206
Sample Questions
Q1) A patient asks the nurse what the difference is between an OTC sleeping product and a sleeping pill prescribed by a physician.Which of the following is the best response?
A) "The OTC sleeping product is safer."
B) "The OTC sleeping product is commonly used."
C) "The OTC sleeping product is easy to swallow."
D) "The OTC sleeping product has smaller tablets."
Q2) Which of the following types of medicine is not regulated by the Food and Drug Administration?
A) Aromatherapy oils
B) Hormones
C) Vitamins
D) Herbal therapy
Q3) Iron supplements are used in the treatment of which of the following conditions?
A) Anemia
B) Osteoporosis
C) Esophageal reflux
D) Constipation
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Review of Mathematical Principles
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19 Verified Questions
19 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22207
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following represents 4/8 raised to a higher term?
A) 8/16
B) 4/16
C) 1/16
D) 2/16
Q2) Which of the following is another way of expressing 40%?
A) 40/10
B) 2/5
C) 40/1000
D) 1/5.
Q3) Which of the following correctly represents the mixed number 6 3/4 expressed as an improper fraction?
A) 27/4
B) 24/3
C) 22/4
D) 18/4
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Chapter 8: Mathematical Calculations Used in Pharmacology
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22208
Sample Questions
Q1) Calculate the following: 1 kg = _____g.
Q2) The patient has a temperature of 38.9° C.Which of the following represents this temperature in Fahrenheit?
A) 104° F
B) 102° F
C) 98.6° F
D) 97.2° F
Q3) A patient's weight is 68 kg.Which of the following represents the patient's weight in pounds?
A) 150 lb
B) 148 lb
C) 135 lb
D) 138 lb
Q4) If there are 85 mg of medicine in 1 oz of solution,which of the following represents the number of grams in 8 oz?
A) 0.68 g
B) 6.8 g
C) 68 g
D) 6800 g
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Chapter 9: Calculating Drug Dosages
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22209
Sample Questions
Q1) A doctor has ordered a dose of Synthroid of 0.15 mg daily for a patient.The nurse learns that the pharmacy only stocks 50 mcg scored tablets.Which of the following represents the correct number of 50 mcg Synthroid tablets to give this patient?
A) 1 1/2 tablets
B) 2 whole tablets
C) 3 whole tablets
D) 3/4 tablet
Q2) Demerol 75 mg is ordered IV push q 4 to 6 hours PRN for pain.This medication is available in 100 mg/mL.Which of the following represents the amount (in mL)that the nurse will give every 4 to 6 hours as needed?
A) 0.75 mL
B) 75 mL
C) 0.15 mL
D) 0.26 mL
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Chapter 10: Preparing and Administering Medications
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22210
Sample Questions
Q1) If an IV has become infiltrated,the nurse will observe which of the following assessment findings?
A) Pallor,pain
B) Erythema,warmth
C) Erythema,swelling
D) Warmth,swelling
Q2) The nurse instructs a clinic patient on using an inhaler for his asthma attacks.Which of the following is correct about the use of an inhaler?
A) The medication must go into the back of the nose.
B) The medication must go directly into the throat.
C) The medication must get to the ears.
D) The medication must go into the lungs.
Q3) When giving an IM injection to an HIV-positive patient,the nurse recognizes that the HIV infection is spread in which of the following body fluids? (Select all that apply. )
A) Sputum
B) Vaginal fluid
C) Breast milk
D) Blood
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Chapter 11: Allergy and Respiratory Medications
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22211
Sample Questions
Q1) A patient comes into the clinic complaining of a nonproductive cough and muscle aches that she has had for 5 days.She has no sore throat,temperature elevation,or swollen lymph nodes.She is coughing so much that she is unable to sleep at night.The physician might order which of the following?
A) Decongestant
B) Expectorant
C) Antitussive
D) Antibiotic
Q2) Intranasal steroids are used when which of the following is true?
A) Low-grade infection is present and has not responded to the use of antibiotics. B) Conventional methods of reducing inflammation have been tried and found to be ineffective.
C) The patient is pregnant.
D) The patient is immunocompromised.
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Chapter 12: Antiinfective Medications
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27 Verified Questions
27 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22212
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following should be true of any antibiotic used to treat an infection caused by a penicillinase-producing organism?
A) It should be acid stable.
B) It should be an extended-spectrum antibiotic.
C) It should be penicillinase resistant.
D) It should be a narrow-spectrum antibiotic.
Q2) Pathogenic organisms come in a variety of different forms.Each infection must be carefully evaluated to determine the specific causative organism and the therapy that will be most effective against it.This is usually done by which of the following means?
A) Stool examination
B) Scraping of lesions
C) Incubation of discharge from lesions
D) Culture and sensitivity studies
Q3) Which of the following drugs should be taken on an empty stomach? (Select all that apply. )
A) Ciprofloxacin
B) Erythromycin
C) Lincomycin
D) Tetracycline
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Page 14
Chapter
Medications
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22213
Sample Questions
Q1) For cytomegalovirus (CMV)retinitis,the physician would prescribe which of the following types of medication?
A) Antifungal
B) Antiretroviral
C) Antibiotic
D) Antiviral
Q2) Nystatin is used to treat which of the following?
A) Oral Candida infections
B) Fungal infections involving the nail
C) Herpes zoster
D) Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)infections in children
Q3) Most of the antiretroviral drugs are toxic to which of the following organs or organ systems?
A) Myocardium
B) Central nervous system
C) Kidney
D) Liver
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Antineoplastic Medications
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22214
Sample Questions
Q1) For which of the following reasons must a patient keep his or her chemotherapy medications in a locked cabinet?
A) These medications are very costly.
B) These medications are very toxic.
C) These medications have narcotic effects.
D) These medications are hard to replace monthly.
Q2) In observing a chemotherapy patient,an LPN/LVN must be aware of adverse effects from other products.The patient tells the nurse that he has found an herbal preparation to help control his nausea.Which of the following represents the nurse's best response?
A) "That sounds wonderful,and it's inexpensive."
B) "Stop taking this product;it is toxic."
C) "Tell me the name of the herbal preparation you are taking."
D) "Follow the instructions on how to take that preparation."
Q3) Which of the following healthy cells in the body are commonly affected by antineoplastic agents?
A) Myocardial
B) Gastrointestinal
C) Vascular
D) Cerebral
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Cardiovascular and Renal Medications
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38 Verified Questions
38 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22215
Sample Questions
Q1) The physician has started a patient on propranolol (Inderal LA),a beta blocker.The nurse knows this drug is used in the treatment of migraine headaches and which of the following other conditions?
A) Angina
B) Hyperlipidemia
C) Bradycardia
D) Bronchospasm
Q2) An elderly man with hypocalcemia asks the nurse why the physician changed his loop diuretic medication to a thiazide diuretic medication that would do the same thing for the edema in his legs.Which of the following represents the best response to this question?
A) "Changing this medication helps keep you from becoming addicted."
B) "The thiazide medication will help your bones."
C) "You have to ask the physician about your medication."
D) "The thiazide medication will improve your blood count."
Q3) Which of the following is primarily used as an antidysrhythmic drug?
A) Digitalis
B) Verapamil
C) Reserpine
D) Clonidine
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Chapter 16: Central and Peripheral Nervous System
Medications
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24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22216
Sample Questions
Q1) Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)is an antiemetic;it is also used for which of the following other conditions?
A) Headaches
B) Edema
C) Epistaxis
D) Rash
Q2) Clonazepam (Klonopin),a benzodiazepine,is used on certain patients with which of the following disorders of the central nervous system?
A) Motion sickness
B) Parkinsonism
C) Myoclonic seizures
D) Chronic vertigo
Q3) A patient comes into the emergency department with status epilepticus in progress.The nurse expects the physician to order which of the following drugs for this condition?
A) Diazepam (Valium)
B) Clonazepam (Klonopin)
C) Ethotoin (Peganone)
D) Fosphenytoin (Cerebyx)
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Chapter 17: Medications for Pain Management and Anesthesia
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18 Verified Questions
18 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22217
Sample Questions
Q1) A patient with a head injury should not receive a narcotic agonist for which of the following reasons?
A) The patient will not be able to talk.
B) The drug makes the patient too hyperactive.
C) Addiction is easy at this point.
D) The drug causes a confusing effect.
Q2) Contraindications to taking nonnarcotic analgesics include which of the following conditions? (Select all that apply. )
A) Hypertension
B) Emotional problems
C) Drug abuse
D) Asthma
Q3) Morphine (Duramorph)is ordered for a patient's severe incisional pain.Which of the following is correct concerning the length of time it should take for this medication to be administered IV?
A) 1 to 2 minutes
B) 8 to 10 minutes
C) 2 to 4 minutes
D) 4 to 5 minutes
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Chapter 18: Anti-inflammatory, Musculoskeletal, and Anti-arthritis Medications
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27 Verified Questions
27 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22218
Sample Questions
Q1) Allopurinol is not used in the treatment of an acute attack of gout for which of the following reasons?
A) It has no analgesic properties.
B) It cannot work alone.
C) It will not reduce uric acid levels.
D) It causes edema in the feet.
Q2) A patient taking antiinflammatory drugs tells the nurse he has been missing some of his doses of medication.Which of the following guidelines for missed medications should be taught? (Select all that apply. )
A) Skip all missed medication dosages.
B) If possible,take the missed dose within an hour of the scheduled time.
C) If the missed dose is close to next administration time,take the regular dose and skip the missed dose.
D) Never take a double dose of this medication.
Q3) Which of the following is the most common complication when taking NSAIDs?
A) GI upset
B) Constipation
C) Fluid overload
D) Headaches
Page 20
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Chapter 19: Gastrointestinal Medications
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22219
Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is giving discharge instructions to a patient who will be taking an antacid for gastric problems.Which of the following responses is correct about antacids? (Select all that apply. )
A) Antacids must be taken with a lower fiber diet.
B) Antacids should be taken at bedtime.
C) Antacids serve as a gastric buffer.
D) Antacids must be taken between meals.
Q2) A frail 67-year-old nursing-home patient is brought to the clinic for a barium enema.For the next few days following the procedure,he fails to have any bowel movements.The physician will probably order which of the following treatments?
A) Saline laxative
B) Antispasmodic to increase peristalsis
C) Emetic to relieve pressure
D) Stool softener
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Chapter 20: Hematologic Products
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26 Verified Questions
26 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22220
Sample Questions
Q1) A 50-year-old male patient is started on aspirin (ASA)80-mg tablets once daily as an antiplatelet agent.The nurse explains to this patient that ASA is the drug of choice for reducing the risk of which of the following conditions?
A) Hemorrhagic stroke
B) Ischemic stroke
C) Gastric inflammation
D) Cellular formation
Q2) Which of the following is a heparin antagonist?
A) Vitamin D
B) Vitamin E
C) Folic acid
D) Protamine sulfate
Q3) A patient on anticoagulant therapy should avoid excessive amounts of which of the following vitamins?
A) Vitamin C
B) Vitamin D
C) Vitamin E
D) Vitamin K
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22
Chapter 21: Hormones and Steroids
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28 Verified Questions
28 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22221
Sample Questions
Q1) A patient comes in with a bad case of poison ivy.He has been scratching the red,swollen area on his arm because it itches.The arm has been getting increasingly swollen over the last 3 days.The doctor is most likely to order which of the following?
A) Somatotropin
B) A corticosteroid
C) A mineralocorticoid
D) Luteinizing hormone
Q2) A newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patient is started on a new drug that comes from incretin hormones.Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1)is used because of which of the following effects?
A) It has the least allergic effect.
B) It is easy to administer.
C) It inhibits glucagon secretion.
D) It slows islet growth.
Q3) Hormones used in the suppression of ovulation include which of the following?
A) Estrogens and progestins
B) Luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone
C) Androgens and progestins
D) Endorphins and androgens
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Page 23
Chapter 22: Immunologic Medications
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27 Verified Questions
27 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22222
Sample Questions
Q1) Pneumococcal vaccine produces immunity against which of the following illnesses? (Select all that apply. )
A) Pneumonitis
B) Meningitis
C) Pneumonia
D) Pertussis
Q2) Which of the following is correct concerning vaccines and toxoids? (Select all that apply. )
A) They are biologic agents that produce active immunization.
B) They are biologic agents that produce passive immunization.
C) They are prepared with animal serum.
D) They are considered a blood product.
Q3) A child is scheduled for immunizations,but the mother states that his temperature has been 100.2° F all day.The nurse will take which of the following actions?
A) Tell the mother to go home.
B) Give the immunizations.
C) Give a higher dose because of the fever.
D) Tell the mother to wait 1 month.
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Chapter 23: Topical Medications
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27 Verified Questions
27 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22223
Sample Questions
Q1) For pruritus,the patient may be treated with which of the following?
A) Benzoyl peroxide
B) Burow solution
C) A colloidal bath
D) Silver nitrate
Q2) A 15-year-old patient is started on adapalene (Differin)for which of the following skin conditions?
A) Pediculosis
B) Ringworm
C) Acne
D) Scabies
Q3) Increased intraocular pressure is a sign of which of the following eye conditions?
A) Dry eye
B) Dilating pupil
C) Cataract
D) Glaucoma
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Chapter 24: Vitamins and Minerals
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39 Verified Questions
39 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22224
Sample Questions
Q1) Fluoride is an essential mineral that is taken into which of the following body surface areas for absorption?
A) Skin
B) Hair
C) Teeth
D) Nails
Q2) Calcium is essential for which of the following functions? (Select all that apply. )
A) Blood clotting
B) Neurotransmission
C) Formation of sweat
D) Muscle contraction
Q3) After his teeth have been coated with fluoride,the patient should be instructed not to rinse,eat,or drink for which of the following time periods after the procedure?
A) 1 hour
B) 2 1/2 hours
C) 10 minutes
D) 30 minutes
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