Principles of Nursing Question Bank
Course Introduction
Principles of Nursing introduces students to the foundational concepts and core values that guide the nursing profession. The course emphasizes the development of critical thinking, effective communication, and compassionate care necessary for the delivery of safe and holistic patient-centered care. Topics covered include the nursing process, ethical and legal considerations, cultural competence, evidence-based practice, professionalism, and interdisciplinary collaboration. Students also explore the history, roles, and responsibilities of nurses, preparing them to integrate theoretical knowledge with practical skills in diverse healthcare settings.
Recommended Textbook
Fundamentals of Nursing 8th Edition by Taylor
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45 Chapters
1562 Verified Questions
1562 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Nursing
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35 Verified Questions
35 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following organizations is the best source of information when a nurse wishes to determine whether an action is within the scope of nursing practice?
A) American Nurses Association (ANA)
B) American Association of Colleges in Nursing (AACN)
C) National League for Nursing (NLN)
D) International Council of Nurses (ICN)
Answer: A
Q2) A nurse receives an x-ray report on a newly admitted patient suspected of having a fractured tibia. The nurse contacts the physician to report the findings. What role is the nurse engaged in?
A) Communicator
B) Advocate
C) Caregiver
D) Researcher
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: Theory, Research, and Evidence-Based Practice
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following theories emphasizes the relationships between the whole and the parts, and describes how parts function and behave?
A) General systems theory
B) Nursing theory
C) Adaptation theory
D) Developmental theory
Answer: A
Q2) Which of the following are examples of characteristics of evidence-based practice? Select all that apply.
A) It is a problem-solving approach.
B) It uses the best evidence available.
C) It is generally accepted in clinical practice.
D) It is based on current institutional protocols.
E) It blends the science and art of nursing.
Answer: A, B, E
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Chapter 3: Health, Illness, and Disparities
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34 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements explains why models of health promotion and illness prevention are useful when planning health care? Select all that apply.
A) They help health care providers understand health-related behaviors.
B) They are useful for adapting care to people from diverse backgrounds.
C) They help overcome barriers related to increased number of people without health care.
D) They overcome barriers to care for the predicted downward trend in minority populations.
E) They overcome barriers to care for low-income and rural populations.
Answer: A, B, C, E
Q2) On which of the following components is Rosenstock's health belief model based? Select all that apply.
A) Perceived susceptibility to a disease
B) Perceived consequences of treating disease
C) Perceived seriousness of a disease
D) Perceived benefits of action
E) Perceived immunity to disease
Answer: A, C, D
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5
Chapter 4: Health of the Individual, Family, and Community
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Sample Questions
Q1) During the course of assessing the family structure and behaviors of a pediatric patient's family, the nurse has identified a number of highly significant risk factors. Which of the following actions should the nurse prioritize when addressing these risk factors?
A) Engage in appropriate health promotion activities.
B) Validate the family's unique way of being.
C) Enlist the help of community and social support.
D) Introduce the family to another family that possesses fewer risk factors.
Q2) Based on a community assessment, the nurse has set the following outcomes. Which outcome reflects Maslow's level of safety and security needs?
A) The community will establish an effective wastewater disposal system by January 22.
B) The community will demonstrate pride by posting a welcome sign and flowers at the edge of town by April 8.
C) The community will open a senior citizens center by March 9.
D) The community will identify a walking path through the community by February 2.
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Chapter 5: Cultural Diversity
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Sample Questions
Q1) Despite the presence of a large number of elderly residents of Asian heritage, a long-term care facility has not integrated the Asian concepts of hot and cold into meal planning. Which of the following should the nurses at the facility recognize this as an example of?
A) Cultural blindness
B) Stereotyping
C) Cultural assimilation
D) Cultural imposition
Q2) The focal point of nursing is the nurse-client interaction. What must nurses consider when conducting the necessary assessment of their clients and significant others?
A) Their health disparities
B) Their societal beliefs
C) The subgroup they belong to
D) Their own cultural orientation.
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Chapter 6: Values, Ethics, and Advocacy
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nursing instructor is teaching a class about ethical principles to a group of nursing students. The instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students give which of the following as an example of nonmaleficence?
A) Protecting clients from a chemically impaired practitioner
B) Performing dressing changes to promote wound healing
C) Providing emotional support to clients who are anxious
D) Administering pain medications to a client in pain
Q2) While at lunch, a nurse heard other nurses at a nearby table talking about a client they did not like. When they asked him what he thought, he politely refused to join in the conversation. What value was the nurse demonstrating?
A) The importance of food in meeting a basic human need
B) Basic respect for human dignity
C) Men do not gossip with women
D) A low value on collegiality and friendship
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8
Chapter 7: Legal Dimensions of Nursing Practice
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Sample Questions
Q1) A client is suing a nurse for malpractice. What is the term for the person bringing suit?
A) Plaintiff
B) Defendant
C) Litigator
D) Witness
Q2) A nurse has been named as a defendant in a lawsuit. With whom should the nurse discuss the case?
A) Colleagues
B) Reporters
C) Plaintiff
D) Attorney
Q3) Which of the following accreditations is a legal requirement for a school of nursing to exist?
A) National League for Nursing Accrediting Commission
B) American Association of Colleges of Nursing accreditation
C) State Board of Nursing accreditation
D) Educational institution accreditation
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Chapter 8: The Health Care Delivery System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Medicare uses a prospective payment plan based on diagnosis-related groups (DRGs). What are DRGs?
A) Locally supported health care financing, usually by donations
B) A public assistance program for low-income individuals
C) Predetermined payment for services based on medical diagnoses
D) A private insurance plan for subscribers who pay a copayment
Q2) Medicare reimburses in-hospital costs based on a set payment for a diagnostic related group (DRG). This means the hospital is reimbursed for a fixed amount based on the diagnosis and projected cost for care. As a result of this system the hospital can make a profit or a loss. Select the responses that describe when a profit for care of the client can be achieved.
A) All of the hospitalization charges are less than projected.
B) The client receives incompatible blood so the hospital does not get charged for it.
C) The client is discharged before the approved discharge date.
D) The nursing care results in the client reaching outcomes for recovery, without complication, after the projected timetable.
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Chapter 9: Care Coordination and Continuity
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Sample Questions
Q1) At what point during hospital-based care does planning for discharge begin?
A) Upon admission to the hospital
B) After the patient is settled in a room
C) Immediately before discharge
D) After leaving the hospital
Q2) What technique should the nurse use to implement infection control in the home?
A) Avoid touching any object in the home, including door knobs.
B) Practice hand hygiene when beginning and ending the home visit.
C) Wear gloves at all times when in the home or traveling in the car.
D) Take prescribed antibiotics on a regular basis on working days.
Q3) A client has suddenly become very ill, and a nurse is transferring him to the intensive care unit (ICU). How does the nurse provide information to ensure continuity of care?
A) By giving a verbal report to nurses in the ICU
B) By ensuring that the chart and all belongings are moved
C) By delegating a nursing assistant to provide information
D) By asking the family to provide the information
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11
Chapter 10: Blended Competencies
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Sample Questions
Q1) Based on an established plan of care, a nurse turns a client every two hours. What part of the nursing process is the nurse using?
A) Assessing
B) Planning
C) Implementing
D) Evaluating
Q2) Nurses make decisions in their practice every day. Which of the following are potential errors in this decision-making process? Select all that apply.
A) Placing emphasis on the last data received
B) Avoiding information contrary to one's opinion
C) Selecting alternatives to maintain status quo
D) Being predisposed to multiple solutions
E) Prioritizing problems in order of importance
Q3) Which of the following is one example of a client benefit of using the nursing process?
A) Greater personal satisfaction
B) Decreased reliance on the nursing staff
C) Continuity of care
D) Decreased incidence of medical errors
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Assessing
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following are examples of common factors in a client that may influence assessment priorities? Select all that apply.
A) Diet and exercise program
B) Standing in the community
C) Ability to pay for services
D) Developmental stage
E) Need for nursing
Q2) When the nurse inspects a postoperative incision site for infection, which one of the following types of assessments is being performed?
A) Complete
B) Focused
C) General
D) Time-lapse
Q3) When documenting subjective data, the nurse should do which of the following?
A) Use the client's own words placed in quotation marks.
B) Paraphrase the information stated by the client.
C) Validate the information with the client's family prior to documentation.
D) Record the information using nonspecific words.
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13
Chapter 12: Diagnosing
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse has drafted a nursing diagnosis of Imbalanced Nutrition: More Than Body Requirements in the care of moderately obese client. How should the nurse proceed after writing this diagnosis?
A) Validate the nursing diagnosis
B) Identify potential complications
C) Cross-reference the nursing diagnosis with medical diagnoses
D) Modify interventions based on the diagnosis
Q2) A nurse is formulating a diagnosis for a client who is reliving a brutal mugging that took place several months ago. The client is crying uncontrollably and states that he "can't live with this fear." Which of the following diagnoses for this client is correctly written?
A) Post-trauma syndrome related to being attacked
B) Psychological overreaction related to being attacked
C) Needs assistance coping with attack
D) Mental distress related to being attacked
Q3) What is the nurse accountable for, according to the state nurse practice act?
A) Continuing education
B) Nursing diagnoses
C) Prescribing medications
D) Mentoring other nurses
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Chapter 13: Outcome Identification and Planning
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Sample Questions
Q1) A resident of a long-term care facility refuses to eat until she has had her hair combed and her make-up applied. In this case, what client need should have priority?
A) The need to have nutrition
B) The need to feel good about oneself
C) The need to live in a safe environment
D) The need for love from others
Q2) The nurse is caring for a client who has been newly diagnosed with diabetes. One of the outcomes the nurse read on the client's plan of care this morning was: "Client will demonstrate correct technique for self-injecting insulin." The client required insulin prior to his lunch and successfully drew up and administered his insulin while the nurse observed. How should the nurse follow up this observation?
A) Record an evaluative statement in the client's plan of care.
B) Remove the outcome from the client's care plan.
C) Ask the nurse who wrote the plan of care to document this development.
D) Reassess the client's psychomotor skills at dinner time.
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15
Chapter 14: Implementing
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which example reflects client variables that influence outcome achievement? Select all that apply.
A) The client was born with cystic fibrosis.
B) The nurse works at a hospital in a diverse community.
C) Nursing interventions are consistent with standards of care.
D) The client is a college graduate and is employed.
E) The client engages in activities associated with Ramadan.
Q2) The nurse overhears two nursing students talking about nursing interventions. Which statement by one of the nursing students indicates further education is required?
A) Nursing interventions must be consistent with standards of care and research findings.
B) Nursing interventions must be culturally sensitive and individualized for the client.
C) Nursing interventions must be compatible with other therapies planned for the client.
D) Nursing interventions must be approved by other members of the health care team.
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Chapter 15: Evaluating
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Sample Questions
Q1) The client reports participating in water aerobics for 60 minutes three times each week. This is an example of what type of outcome?
A) Affective outcome
B) Psychomotor outcome
C) Physiologic outcome
D) Cognitive outcome
Q2) The nurse witnessed a more senior nurse make six unsuccessful attempts at starting an intravenous (IV) line on a client. The senior nurse persisted, stating, "I refuse to admit defeat." This resulted in unnecessary pain for the client. How should the first nurse best respond to this colleague's incompetent practice?
A) Report the nurse's practice and have the nurse manager address the matter.
B) Encourage the nurse to attend an in-service on IV starts.
C) Reassure the nurse that this is a difficult skill and give her feedback on her performance.
D) Document an unmet outcome in the client's plan of care.
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17
Chapter 16: Documenting, Reporting, Conferring, and Using Informatics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Alice Jones, a registered nurse, is documenting assessments at the beginning of her shift. How should she sign the entry?
A) Alice J, RN
B) A. Jones, RN
C) Alice Jones
D) AJRN
Q2) What activity in charting will assist most in the avoidance of errors?
A) Objectivity
B) Organization
C) Legibility
D) Timeliness
Q3) A nurse is documenting the intensity of a client's pain. What would be the most accurate entry?
A) "Client complaining of severe pain."
B) "Client appears to be in a lot of pain and is crying."
C) "Client states has pain; walking in hall with ease."
D) "Client states pain is a 9 on a scale of 1 to 10."
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Page 18
Chapter 17: Developmental Concepts
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following developmental tasks is an important component of middle adulthood within Havighurst's theory of psychosocial development?
A) Accepting and adjusting to physical changes
B) Adjusting to reduced income
C) Adjusting to decreasing health
D) Learning to live with a marriage partner
Q2) A nurse provides care in a women's health clinic that is located in an inner city neighborhood. Which of the following theorists' work applies most directly to this nurse's client population?
A) Gilligan
B) Kohlberg
C) Gould
D) Fowler
Q3) All humans learn from both formal and informal experiences. What orderly pattern of changes results in part from learning?
A) Development
B) Growth
C) Maturity
D) Aging
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Page 19
Chapter 18: Conception Through Young Adult
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse is teaching the care of the newborn class and one of the members makes a comment about keeping the baby too warm. She says, My mother always said to go by how I feel; if I'm cold, the baby needs more clothing and if I'm too warm, so is the baby."
Which of the following is the nurse's best response?
A) That is correct; you should go by how warm you are feeling.
B) Always keep the baby bundled up to keep warm.
C) The baby's temperature responds quickly to the environmental temperature.
D) If the baby shivers, add more layers of clothing.
Q2) A nurse is teaching a pregnant woman about nutritional needs. Which of the following nutritional deficiencies during pregnancy might result in neural tube defects in the developing fetus?
A) Vitamin D
B) Iodine
C) Calcium
D) Folic acid
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20
Chapter 19: The Aging Adult
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse educates adults in preventive measures to avoid problems of middle adult years. Which of the following are the major health problems during the middle adult years?
A) Cardiovascular disease, cancer
B) Upper respiratory infections, fractures
C) Communicable diseases, dementia
D) Sexually transmitted diseases, drug abuse
Q2) In general, what is the focus of care for nurses who work with older adults?
A) Providing all necessary physical care
B) Referring clients for needed emotional support
C) Establishing goals and expected outcomes for the client
D) Assisting clients to function as independently as possible
Q3) Eighty percent of older adults have one chronic illness, and 60% have at least two. The older adult's ability to adapt determines:
A) whether they are ill or healthy.
B) degree of loss of the physiologic reserve of the various organ systems
C) that not wanting to change makes them more determined.
D) how quickly they become overwhelmed with the stress of it all.
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Chapter 20: Communicator
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse is caring for a client who is visually impaired. Which of the following is a recommended guideline for communication with this client?
A) Ease into the room without acknowledging presence until the client can be touched.
B) Speak in a louder tone of voice to make up for lack of visual cues.
C) Explain reason for touching client before doing so.
D) Keep communication simple and concrete.
Q2) A nurse has drafted an SBAR communication before contacting the primary care provider of a client whose condition has worsened suddenly. How should the nurse best conclude this communication?
A) Ask the care provider to come and assess the client.
B) Provide the client's most recent vital signs.
C) Ask the care provider if he or she is familiar with this client.
D) Provide the most likely diagnosis of the problem.
Q3) Which of the following is an example of a closed-ended question or statement?
A) "How did that make you feel?"
B) "Did you take those drugs?"
C) "What medications do you take at home?"
D) "Describe the type of pain you have."
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Chapter 21: Teacher and Counselor
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Sample Questions
Q1) A diabetes nurse educator is teaching a client, newly diagnosed with diabetes, about his disease process, diet, exercise, and medications. What is the goal of this education?
A) To help the client develop self-care abilities
B) To ensure the client will return for follow-up care
C) To facilitate complete recovery from the disease
D) To implement ordered teaching and counseling
Q2) At completion of the health education for a client, the nurse documents the details of the health education in the client's medical record. What can be determined by this documentation?
A) Proof of compliance with education standards
B) Client's response to the health education
C) Self-administration of medications
D) Dietary instructions for the client
Q3) Which of the following is an essential component of the definition of learning?
A) Increases self-esteem
B) Decreases stress
C) Can be measured
D) Cannot be measured
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Chapter 22: Nurse Leader, Manager, and Care Coordinator
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Sample Questions
Q1) A student nurse has just graduated with a baccalaureate degree in nursing. What type of nursing leadership will this nurse be expected to provide?
A) Nursing care of the individual client
B) Demonstration of selected critical skills
C) Ability to be a follower rather than a leader
D) Nursing care of groups of clients
Q2) A head nurse assumes the leadership role when directing and supervising coworkers. Which of the following are attributes of a leader? Select all that apply.
A) Philosophical
B) Task-oriented
C) Charismatic
D) Dynamic
E) Intimidating
Q3) In which of the following conflict resolution strategies is the conflict rarely resolved?
A) Collaborating
B) Compromising
C) Competing
D) Smoothing
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24
Chapter 23: Asepsis and Infection Control
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an example of the body's defense against infection?
A) Racial characteristics
B) Body shape and size
C) Immune response
D) Level of susceptibility
Q2) A client comes to the emergency department with major burns over 40% of his body. Although all of the following are true, which one would provide the rationale for a nursing diagnosis of Risk for Infection?
A) Stress may adversely affect normal defense mechanisms.
B) White blood cells provide resistance to certain pathogens.
C) Intact skin and mucous membranes protect against microbial invasion.
D) Age, race, sex, and hereditary factors influence susceptibility to infection.
Q3) The latest CDC guidelines designate standard precautions for all substances except which of the following?
A) Urine
B) Blood
C) Sweat
D) Vomitus
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25
Chapter 24: Vital Signs
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Q1) A student is reading the medical record of an assigned client and notes the client has been afebrile for the past 12 hours. What does the term "afebrile" indicate?
A) Normal body temperature
B) Decreased body temperature
C) Increased body temperature
D) Fluctuating body temperature
Q2) A client is constipated and trying to have a bowel movement. How does holding the breath and pushing down (the Valsalva maneuver) affect the pulse?
A) Left ventricle pumps more forcefully; pulse is stronger
B) Stimulates the vagus nerve to increase the rate
C) Stimulates the vagus nerve to decrease the rate
D) Right ventricle is less efficient; pulse is thready
Q3) Which of the following is an average normal temperature in Centigrade for a healthy adult?
A) oral: 37.0°C
B) rectal: 36.5°C
C) axillary: 37.5°C
D) tympanic: 34.4°C
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Chapter 25: Health Assessment
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Sample Questions
Q1) When using assessment equipment that will touch the client, what should the nurse do before conducting the assessment?
A) Describe the equipment and how it works.
B) Show pictures of functions of the equipment.
C) Draw pictures of the anatomy to be assessed.
D) Warm the equipment with hands or warm water.
Q2) Which of the following can a nurse assess by palpation?
A) Heart sounds, lung sounds, blood pressure
B) Temperature, turgor, moisture
C) Vision, hearing, cranial nerves
D) Tissue density, gait, reflexes
Q3) A nurse working in a clinic is planning to conduct vision screenings for a group of low-income women. What equipment would be needed to test vision?
A) Snellen chart
B) Stethoscope
C) Ophthalmoscope
D) Otoscope
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Chapter 26: Safety, Security, and Emergency Preparedness
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Sample Questions
Q1) A client arrives at the emergency department with nausea, hematemesis, fever, abdominal pain, and severe diarrhea. There is a suspicion the client has been exposed to the anthrax bacillus. What category of medications will be administered?
A) Antimicrobials
B) Narcotics
C) Antihistamines
D) Antacids
Q2) An emergency room nurse is assessing a toddler with multiple bruises and burns. The nurse suspects the toddler has been abused. What is legally required of the nurse?
A) Nothing; the nurse has no control over the toddler's home.
B) Refer the caregivers of the toddler to a home health nurse.
C) Verbally confront the caregivers about the suspicions.
D) Report suspicions about the abuse to proper authorities.
Q3) In what situation would the use of side rails not be considered a restraint?
A) The nurse keeps them raised at all times.
B) The institution's policies mandate using side rails.
C) A visitor requests their use.
D) A client requests they be up at night.
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28
Chapter 27: Complementary and Alternative Therapies
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Sample Questions
Q1) What philosophy underlies the use of CAT?
A) The mind, body, and spirit function as a unified whole.
B) The mind and the body are separate and distinct.
C) Parts of an organism rarely interact or change.
D) Traditional medicine is most effective for chronic illnesses.
Q2) The client is postoperative. The nurse is practicing healing touch with the client. Which of the following would the nurse evaluate as an expected outcome of healing touch?
A) The wound is not approximated three days following surgery.
B) The client reports pain as a "6" on a 0 to 10 pain scale.
C) The client states that his anxiety following surgery has decreased.
D) The client's temperature has remained at or below 100.4ºF
Q3) A client inquires about the use of herbal therapy. Which statement by the nurse is most accurate?
A) "All herbs are equal in purity, so purchase the cheapest brand."
B) "Herbs can have side effects and can interact with prescription medications."
C) "Be sure to pay attention to the packaging's therapeutic and prevention information."
D) "It is best if you select a licensed herbalist as a practitioner."
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29
Chapter 28: Medications
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Sample Questions
Q1) What would a nurse instruct a client to do after administration of a sublingual medication?
A) "Take a big drink of water and swallow the pill."
B) "Try not to swallow while the pill dissolves."
C) "Swallow frequently to get the best benefit."
D) "Chew the pill so it will dissolve faster."
Q2) A student nurse is administering medications through a nasogastric tube connected to continuous suction. How will the student do this accurately?
A) Briefly disconnect tubing from the suction to administer medications, then reconnect.
B) Realize this can't be done, and document information.
C) Disconnect tubing from the suction before giving drugs, and clamp tubing for 20 to 30 minutes.
D) Leave the suction alone and give medications orally or rectally.
Q3) Which of the following clients receives a drug that requires parenteral route?
A) A woman who has been ordered intravenous antibiotics
B) A woman who takes a diuretic pill each morning
C) A man with emphysema who uses nebulized bronchodilators
D) A man who has an antifungal ointment applied to his skin rash daily
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Chapter 29: Perioperative Nursing
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled to undergo a breast biopsy. Which of the following major tasks does the nurse perform immediately during the pre-operative period?
A) Obtain a signature on the consent form.
B) Review the surgical checklist.
C) Conduct a nursing assessment.
D) Reduce the dosage of toxic drugs.
Q2) An operating room nurse is preparing for a surgical procedure on an infant. The nurse's perioperative care is based on what physiologic factor that puts infants at greater risk from surgery than adults?
A) Increased vascular rigidity
B) Diminished chest expansion
C) Lower total blood volume
D) Decreased peripheral circulation
Q3) Which of the following interventions is of major importance during preoperative education?
A) Performing skills necessary for gastrointestinal preparation
B) Encouraging the client to identify and verbalize fears
C) Discussing the site and extent of the surgical incision
D) Telling the client not to worry or be afraid of surgery
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Chapter 30: Hygiene
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Sample Questions
Q1) On the first postoperative day, the client is assisted to the bathroom. It is important for the nurse to do what?
A) Allow the client privacy
B) Assess the client's safety
C) Assess the client's pain
D) Allow sufficient time
Q2) A female client in a reproductive health clinic tells the nurse practitioner that she douches every day. Should the nurse tell the client to continue this practice?
A) Yes, this helps prevent vaginal odor.
B) Yes, this decreases vaginal secretions.
C) No, douching removes normal bacteria.
D) No, douching may increase secretions.
Q3) Before a long-term care resident goes to sleep at night, his dentures are placed in a denture cup with clean water. What rationale supports placing dentures in water?
A) None; they should be placed in saline
B) To increase comfort when replaced in the mouth
C) To prevent drying and warping of plastic
D) To ensure the dentures are not thrown away
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Chapter 31: Skin Integrity and Wound Care
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Q1) During a dressing change, the nurse assesses protrusion of intestines through an opened wound. What would the nurse do after covering the wound with towels moistened with sterile 0.9% sodium chloride solution?
A) Document the assessments and intervention.
B) Reinforce the dressing with additional layers.
C) Administer pain medications intramuscularly.
D) Notify the physician and prepare for surgery.
Q2) A nurse assessing a client's wound documents the finding of purulent drainage. What is the composition of this type of drainage?
A) Clear, watery blood
B) Large numbers of red blood cells
C) Mixture of serum and red blood cells
D) White blood cells, debris, bacteria
Q3) Which of the following are functions of the skin? Select all that apply.
A) Protection
B) Temperature regulation
C) Sensation
D) Vitamin C production
E) Immunological
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Chapter 32: Activity
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse is placing a client in Fowler's position. What should she teach the family about this position?
A) "Use at least two big pillows to support the head."
B) "Cross the arms over the client's abdomen."
C) "Do not raise the knees with the knee gatch."
D) "Keep the hands lower than the rest of the body."
Q2) A nurse is assessing the activity level of an infant age 5 months. What normal findings would be assessed?
A) Ability to sit and head control
B) Ability to pick up small objects
C) Progress toward running and jumping
D) Progress toward unassisted walking
Q3) When assisting a client from the bed into a wheelchair, the nurse assesses the client standing up and notices the client is weak and unsteady. What would be the recommended nursing intervention in this situation?
A) Allow the client to keep standing for several minutes until balance returns.
B) Use the call bell to summon the assistance of another nurse.
C) Return the client to the bed.
D) Place the client into the wheelchair.
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Page 34
Chapter 33: Rest and Sleep
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Q1) Which of the following clients likely faces a risk for the nursing diagnosis of Disturbed Sleep Pattern: Difficulty Remaining Asleep?
A) A client who receives IV antibiotics every three hours
B) A client whose opioid analgesics result in central nervous system depression
C) A client who is receiving corticosteroids that make her feel restless and agitated
D) A client whose physical therapy has been scheduled in the late evening
Q2) Which group of terms best describes sleep?
A) Decreased state of activity, refreshed
B) Altered consciousness, relative inactivity
C) Comatose, immobility
D) Alert, responsive
Q3) A client's bed partner reports the client often has irregular snoring and silence followed by a snort. Does this warrant further assessment?
A) No, snoring has varied patterns
B) No, this is a description of normal snoring
C) Yes, this is an indicator of obstructive apnea
D) Yes, the bed partner is unable to sleep at night
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35
Chapter 34: Comfort and Pain Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving morphine via a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump. The nurse notes that the client's respiratory rate is 10 breaths per minute. The client is somnolent, with minimal response to physical stimulation. The nurse should prepare to administer which of the following medications?
A) Intravenous naloxone (Narcan)
B) Intravenous flumazenil (Romazicon)
C) Oral modafinil (Provigil)
D) Nebulized albuterol (Proventil)
Q2) Which statement accurately describes pain experienced by the older adult?
A) Boredom and depression may affect an older person's perception of pain.
B) Residents in long-term care facilities have a minimal level of pain.
C) The older client has decreased sensitivity to pain.
D) A heightened pain tolerance occurs in the older adult.
Q3) Why is acute pain said to be protective in nature?
A) It warns an individual of tissue damage or disease.
B) It enables the person to increase personal strength.
C) As a subjective experience, it serves no purpose.
D) As an objective experience, it aids diagnosis.
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36
Chapter 35: Nutrition
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following are signs and symptoms of poor nutritional status?
A) Flaky facial skin, facial edema, pale skin color
B) Tongue is a deep red in color with surface papillae present.
C) Firm, pink nailbeds
D) Firm hair that is resistant to plucking
Q2) Which of the following laboratory results indicates the presence of malnutrition?
A) Serum albumin 2.8 g/dL
B) Hemoglobin (Hgb) 11.3 g/dL
C) Creatinine 1.9 mg/dL
D) Hematocrit (Hct) 56%
Q3) A nutritionist helps to plan a diet for a client with diabetes. Which of the following foods is a carbohydrate that should be included to help improve glucose tolerance?
A) Milk
B) Eggs
C) Oatmeal
D) Nuts
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Chapter 36: Urinary Elimination
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Q1) A client has been taught how to do Kegel exercises. What statement by the client indicates a need for further information?
A) "I understand these will help me control stress incontinence."
B) "I know this is also called pelvic floor muscle training."
C) "I will do these 30 to 80 times a day for two months."
D) "I will contract the muscles in my abdomen and thighs."
Q2) A client with urine retention related to a complete prostatic obstruction requires a urinary catheter to drain the bladder. Which type of catheter is most appropriate for a client that has an obstructed urethra?
A) Suprapubic catheter
B) Indwelling urethral catheter
C) Intermittent urethral catheter
D) Straight catheter
Q3) After surgery, a postoperative client has not voided for eight hours. Where would the nurse assess the bladder for distention?
A) Between the symphysis pubis and the umbilicus
B) Over the costovertebral region of the flank
C) In the left lower quadrant of the abdomen
D) Between ribs 11 and 12 and the umbilicus
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Page 38
Chapter 37: Bowel Elimination
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Q1) A nurse is following a physician's order to irrigate the NG tube of a client. Which of the following is a recommended guideline in this procedure?
A) Assist client to 30- to 45-degree position, unless this is contraindicated.
B) Draw up 60 mL of saline solution (or amount indicated in the order or policy) into syringe.
C) If Salem sump or double-lumen tube is used, make sure that syringe tip is placed in the blue air vent.
D) If unable to irrigate the tube, reposition client and attempt irrigation again; inject 20 to 30 mL of air and aspirate again.
Q2) The nurse is assessing a client with abdominal complaints. The nurse performs deep palpation of the abdomen for which reason?
A) Detect abdominal masses
B) Determine abdominal firmness
C) Assess softness of abdominal muscles
D) Assess degree of abdominal distention
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Chapter 38: Oxygenation and Perfusion
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Q1) A nurse is educating a postoperative client on how to use an incentive spirometer. Which of the following is an accurate step that should be included in the teaching plan?
A) Instruct the client to inhale normally and then place the lips securely around the mouthpiece.
B) Instruct the client to inhale slowly and as deeply as possible through the mouthpiece, without using the nose.
C) When the client cannot inhale anymore, the patient should hold his or her breath and count to 10.
D) Encourage the client to perform incentive spirometry two to three times every one to two hours, if possible.
Q2) The home care nurse visits a client who has dyspnea. The nurse notes the client has pitting edema in his feet and ankles. What additional assessment would the nurse expect to observe?
A) Crackles in the lower lobes
B) Inspiratory stridor
C) Expiratory stridor
D) Wheezing in the upper lobes
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Chapter 39: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance
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Q1) A nurse is caring for a client with dehydration. Which of the following signs is observed in a client with dehydration? Select all that apply.
A) Decreased skin turgor over sternum
B) Decreased blood pressure
C) Low urine output
D) Increased pulse rate
E) Increased respiratory rate
Q2) A nurse is changing a peripheral venous access dressing for a client. Which of the following is a recommended step in this procedure?
A) Observe clean technique to minimize the possibility of contamination.
B) Cleanse site thoroughly with sterile saline, or according to facility policy.
C) Apply chlorhexidine using a back and forth friction scrub for at least 30 seconds.
D) Wipe or blot the site dry and allow to dry completely before covering.
Q3) A specially trained nurse has inserted a PICC line. What would be done next?
A) Start administration of prescribed fluids.
B) Explain the procedure to the client and family.
C) Place the client on restricted oral fluids.
D) Send the client to the radiology department.
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Chapter 40: Self-Concept
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Q1) A client states, "I am not smart enough to learn how to take care of my mother, and I just don't think I can do it." This is an example of ...
A) Self-perception
B) Self-knowledge
C) Self-expectation
D) Social self
Q2) A young woman has been in an automobile crash and sustained a laceration across the left side of her face, resulting in a large scar. What nursing diagnosis would be appropriate for this disfigurement?
A) Anxiety
B) Disturbed Body Image
C) Deficient Knowledge
D) Impaired Memory
Q3) Who or what plays the most influential role in the internalization of self-concept in children?
A) Peers
B) Parents
C) School
D) Church
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Page 42
Chapter 41: Stress and Adaptation
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the term for the change that takes place in response to a stressor?
A) Rehabilitation
B) Adaptation
C) Positive movement
D) Negative movement
Q2) Various physiologic mechanisms within the body respond to internal changes to maintain relative constancy in the internal environment. The state that results is called what?
A) Nirvana
B) Homeostasis
C) Fight-or-flight response
D) Anxiety
Q3) What phase of the general adaptation syndrome is a client in when he uses all of his adaptive mechanisms for dealing with stress, leaving no defense against the distress?
A) Alarm reaction stage
B) Fight-or-flight stage
C) Stage of resistance
D) Stage of exhaustion
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Chapter 42: Loss, Grief, and Dying
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Q1) A dying client and family have requested that no attempts be made to resuscitate the client in the event of death. A doctor has written a DNR order. What is the nurse's responsibility if the client dies?
A) Follow his or her own conscience and perform CPR.
B) Make no attempt to resuscitate the client.
C) Follow a verbal physician's order for a slow code.
D) If the client is at home, call 911 and begin CPR.
Q2) For which persons are death certificates necessary? Select all that apply.
A) Death from an infectious disease
B) Death in an institutional setting
C) Unexpected death
D) Murder victims
E) Death before age 65 years
F) None of the above
Q3) Which of the following statements is typical of the first stage of grieving described by Engel?
A) "No, not me."
B) "Why me?"
C) "My husband was the best man in the world."
D) "The funeral service helped me survive."
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Chapter 43: Sensory Functioning
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is working in a clinic and sees a resident of a long-term-care facility, age 82 years, who has come in to be checked by her physician. The caregiver, who accompanies her, reports that the client has been displaying the following: drowsiness, excessive sleeping, decreased attention span, irritability, and signs of depression. The client's daughter and family, who usually visit her, moved away from the area six weeks ago due to the husband's job. You suspect which of the following problems?
A) Sensory deprivation
B) Disturbed sensory perception
C) Residential psychosis
D) Locked-in syndrome
Q2) Which of the following nonpharmacologic, independent nursing interventions may be used to promote relaxation without also causing sensory overload?
A) Talking with the client
B) Playing music the client chooses
C) Watching talk shows the nurse chooses
D) Watching television reality shows that visitors choose
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Chapter 44: Sexuality
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Q1) A nurse is explaining the use of an IUD to a female client interested in obtaining contraception. Which of the following statements regarding the IUD is correct?
A) The intrauterine device (IUD) is an object that is placed by the client within the uterus to prevent implantation of a fertilized ovum.
B) IUDs are small devices made of flexible plastic that provide irreversible birth control.
C) IUDs do not prevent fertilization of the egg.
D) IUDs seem to affect the way the sperm or egg moves.
Q2) What do most nursing interventions pertaining to sexuality involve?
A) Teaching to promote sexual health
B) Examinations to identify sexually transmitted infections
C) Advocacy for those with sexual dysfunctions
D) Maintaining confidentiality and privacy
Q3) What term is used to describe painful intercourse?
A) Dyspareunia
B) Dysmenorrhea
C) Impotence
D) Vulvodynia
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Chapter 45: Spirituality
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Sample Questions
Q1) A client expresses confidence in his traditional healer to relieve symptoms of an illness. What is the client demonstrating?
A) Hope
B) Spirituality
C) Faith
D) Charity
Q2) The parents of an infant are members of a faith-healing group. They refuse to give the baby antibiotics for meningitis. What does the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend for cases such as this?
A) Respect for the parents' wishes, even if the baby dies
B) Exemption from child abuse charges
C) Application of child abuse and neglect statutes
D) Refusal to treat the child no matter how ill
Q3) A nurse is preparing a client's room to accommodate a visit from a spiritual counselor. Which of the following is a recommended practice?
A) Dim or turn off the lights.
B) Place a candle on the bedside table.
C) Remove any unnecessary equipment.
D) Place a cross on the bedside table.
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