Principles of Neuroscience Practice Questions
Course Introduction
Principles of Neuroscience offers a comprehensive introduction to the structure and function of the nervous system, exploring fundamental concepts ranging from molecular and cellular mechanisms to systems-level organization. The course examines how neurons communicate, the development and plasticity of neural circuits, sensory and motor systems, and the biological basis of behavior and cognition. Emphasizing both classic experiments and emerging research, students gain an understanding of neurological disorders, neural technologies, and current methodologies used to investigate brain function. This foundational course prepares students for advanced study in neuroscience and related biomedical fields.
Recommended Textbook
Learning and Memory 1St Edition Edition by Howard Eichenbaum
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12 Chapters
600 Verified Questions
600 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Nature of Learning and Memory
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50 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Behavioral memory includes all of the following EXCEPT:
A) habituation.
B) sensitization.
C) perceptual learning.
D) semantic memory.
Answer: D
Q2) Genetic transmission helps to explain nurture, and environment is an example of nature when explaining behaviors.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Mary recently suffered a stroke and has trouble remembering things. Her memory loss due to the stroke is called _______.
A) Alzheimer's disease
B) progressive Alzheimer's disease
C) amnesia
D) amnestic Alzheimer's disease
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: The Neural Bases of Learning and Memory
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50 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In a study by Richard Morris, injecting rats with the drug AP5 resulted in the rats _________.
A) quickly finding the platform
B) swimming in the vicinity of the platform
C) eventually finding the maze after circling the area
D) failing to swim in the vicinity of the maze
Answer: D
Q2) ______ are groups of interconnected neurons that work together to represent stimuli, actions, and thought.
A) Cells
B) Circuits
C) Systems
D) Neuronal sets
Answer: B
Q3) Which of the following would not be a function of the autonomic nervous system?
A) salivation
B) sweating
C) crying
D) respiration
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: Simple Forms of Learning and Memory
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50 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Studies have found that monkeys and rats spend _______ time looking at a novel stimulus as a familiar one.
A) the same amount
B) less
C) twice as much
D) five times as much
Answer: C
Q2) An example of a preferential viewing test might be _________.
A) showing 2 stimuli, one is novel and the other is a habituated stimulus
B) showing 2 stimuli, both are novel
C) showing a novel stimulus followed by another novel stimulus
D) showing several novel stimuli followed by a habituated stimulus
Answer: A
Q3) Habituation of the defensive reflex in the Aplysia was found to be ______ and ______.
A) slow; short-lasting
B) slow; long-lasting
C) rapid; short-lasting
D) rapid; long-lasting
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Perceptual Learning and Memory
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Sample Questions
Q1) Déjà vu could be explained by perceptual memory as being a:
A) memory that you had about a new place.
B) memory of a future event that you have during the present time.
C) match between what you thought the event would be like and what it was really like.
D) match between current events and a similar previous experience.
Q2) Research shows that people can strongly categorize ___________ faces and do not categorize ________ faces.
A) highly unfamiliar; highly familiar
B) highly familiar; highly unfamiliar
C) unique; plain
D) plain; unique
Q3) Studies have shown that people with deficits related to a sensory cortex development disorder might respond well to _____________.
A) specific perceptual skill training
B) generalized sensory training
C) cortical stimulation
D) improved sleep
Q4) Describe the four main mechanisms involved in perceptual skill learning.
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Chapter 5: Procedural Learning I: Classical Conditioning
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Sample Questions
Q1) Classical conditioning is a form of nonassociative learning.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following does not explain that once a response has been conditioned it does not disappear?
A) extinction
B) spontaneous recovery
C) disinhibition
D) rapid reacquisition
Q3) In a study, rats are classically conditioned to respond to a 1200 Hz tone. During testing, if the rat only responds to that tone and not a 800 Hz tone we can say that the animal has ___________ between them.
A) generalized
B) graded
C) distinguished
D) spontaneously reflected
Q4) Learning is best when the US is presented just before the CS.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Discuss why response extinction is not the same as forgetting.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Procedural Learning II: Habits and Instrumental Learning
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Toronto Blue Jays haven't won a game in over a month and some of the players get depressed because they believe they are on a losing streak. This depression can be explained through _________.
A) extinction
B) learned failing
C) learned helplessness
D) extinctive helplessness
Q2) Describe the differences between FR-10, FI-10, VR-10, and a VI-10 schedule of reinforcement.
Q3) If Hunter is being rewarded periodically for doing the dishes, he is being subjected to
A) partial reinforcement
B) complete reinforcement
C) full reinforcement
D) continuous reinforcement
Q4) Instrumental learning began with early studies by _________.
A) Thorndike
B) Skinner
C) Watson
D) Garcia
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Chapter 7: Emotional Learning and Memory
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Sample Questions
Q1) Subjects in a study were exposed to shapes for a brief time. Although they did not remember seeing anything but light flashes, they preferred the shapes they were briefly exposed to. What do these results suggest about memory?
A) Even briefly exposed material may leave a memory trace.
B) That memory for shapes is better than for words.
C) Preferences for shapes are dependent on the amount of time one views them.
D) Memory traces need time to form.
Q2) Why would a company want to spend a great deal of money on a commercial spot during the Super Bowl or American Idol? Why would companies want to come up with short names for their products with catchy phrases? How did researchers measure this?
Q3) Which of the following is not directly regulated by the autonomic nervous system?
A) heart rate
B) vigilance
C) blood pressure
D) respiration
Q4) The amygdala receives sensory input from the thalamus and the cerebral cortex.
A)True
B)False
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Page 9
Chapter 8: Cognitive Memory
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Sample Questions
Q1) When material is analyzed from its superficial physical qualities to its deep level of meaning it is called __________.
A) organization depth
B) organizational level
C) level of processing
D) encoding depth
Q2) The man who discovered Velcro developed it after he saw that burrs stick to a dog's fur. This is a specific example of a(n) ___________.
A) creative procedure
B) matching-to-sample problem
C) implicit memory
D) exemplar
Q3) While taking a psychology test you put down a researcher's name but it was from your biology notes that you had studied before studying for psychology. This is an example of __________ interference.
A) proactive
B) retroactive
C) active
D) passive
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Episodic Memory
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Sample Questions
Q1) Familiarity and recollection are two independent processes.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Between the ages of 20 and 30 there is a relatively high number of memories, called the __________.
A) infantile bump
B) middle age bump
C) reminiscence bump
D) recency bump
Q3) Tulving compared episodic and semantic memory on the basis of their representations of _________.
A) favorability
B) time
C) strength
D) repetitiveness
Q4) Our memories for specific past events are specifically called __________ memory.
A) semantic
B) implicit
C) episodic
D) explicit
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Chapter 10: Semantic Memory
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Sample Questions
Q1) A specific spatial reference system that works independently of the viewer is called ________.
A) egocentric
B) survey
C) environmental
D) unbiased
Q2) A ___________ is a network of associations that coordinate memories stored in the cerebral cortex.
A) relational network
B) module network
C) semantic network
D) flexible network
Q3) The organization by the __________ allows for fuzzy boundaries.
A) exemplar
B) hierarchical
C) prototype
D) network
Q4) Describe Farah and McClelland's (1991) model of semantic memory.
Q5) Explain how Reed and colleagues (1999) tested amnesics and found that they were able to learn general rules for categorization.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Memory Consolidation
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Sample Questions
Q1) __________ is considered to be a bridge between initial learning and permanent memory storage.
A) Conservation
B) Consolidation
C) Contraindication
D) Collection
Q2) Evidence suggests that the _________ does not seem to be involved in memory consolidation.
A) parietal cortex
B) hippocampus
C) entorhinal cortex
D) parahippocampal region
Q3) Discuss how temporally graded retrograde amnesia is related to memory consolidation.
Q4) Bob got hit by a baseball and has memory loss for the last month. Bob suffers from _________ amnesia.
A) retrograde
B) anterograde
C) selective
D) inconvenient
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Chapter 12: Short-Term Memory and Working Memory
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Sample Questions
Q1) When an individual has cortical damage in the temperoparietal area they can remember _______ in a serial list of items.
A) the first couple of items
B) the last item
C) the first couple and middle items
D) only the first and last items
Q2) The "magic number" refers to the average amount of information we can hold in our
A) sensory store
B) short-term memory
C) long-term memory
D) buffered memory
Q3) Frontal patients are susceptible to ________.
A) delays in encoding
B) semantic errors
C) retroactive interference
D) proactive interference
Q4) Describe the components of working memory according to Baddeley (2000) and how they work together.
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