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Principles of Managerial Accounting Exam Solutions - 5590 Verified Questions

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Principles of Managerial Accounting Exam Solutions

Course Introduction

Principles of Managerial Accounting introduces students to the fundamental concepts and techniques used by managers to make informed business decisions. The course covers topics such as cost behavior, budgeting, performance evaluation, and decision-making processes within organizations. Emphasis is placed on the use of accounting information for planning, controlling, and evaluating operations, as well as the role of managerial accounting in strategic decision-making. By analyzing real-world scenarios and utilizing various financial tools, students develop skills necessary to interpret and apply accounting data to support managerial functions in diverse business environments.

Recommended Textbook

Horngrens Financial and Managerial Accounting 6th Edition by Tracie L. Nobles

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Chapter 1: Accounting and the Business Environment

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Sample Questions

Q1) An accounting firm collected cash on account.As a result of this transaction,total assets,liabilities,and equity are all unchanged.

A)True

B)False

Answer: True

Q2) Dividends are the expenses of a business.

A)True

B)False

Answer: False

Q3) The Securities and Exchange Commission allows U.S.businesses to choose whether they follow U.S.GAAP or International Financial Reporting Standards.

A)True

B)False Answer: False

Q4) Members of a limited-liability company (LLC)are not personally liable for the debts of the business.

A)True

B)False Answer: True

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Chapter 2: Recording Business Transactions

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Sample Questions

Q1) A business makes a cash payment of $12,000 to a creditor.Which of the following accounts is credited?

A)Cash

B)Accounts Payable

C)Bank

D)Accounts Receivable

Answer: A

Q2) Which of the following statements is true of a trial balance?

A)A trial balance is the first step in the accounting cycle.

B)A trial balance is also known as a balance sheet.

C)A trial balance is a list of all accounts with their balances.

D)A trial balance is also known as the chart of accounts.

Answer: C

Q3) Posting a transaction means ________.

A)calculating the balance in an account

B)transferring data from the journal to the ledger

C)preparing a summary of account balances

D)finding the account number in the chart of accounts

Answer: B

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Chapter 3: The Adjusting Process

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Sample Questions

Q1) On December 15,2018,Donald Services,Inc.collected revenue of $3,000 in advance from a new client,and agreed to provide services to the client for the period of December 15 through January 15 of the following year.Assume that the company records deferred revenues using the alternative treatment.Prepare the December 15,2018 journal entry.Omit explanation.

Answer: 11ea86ed_2cf8_1b58_8b27_197aadf06dea_TB3056_00

Q2) The revenue recognition principle tells accountants when to record revenue and requires companies to follow a three step process.

A)True

B)False

Answer: False

Q3) In the case of deferred revenue,the cash is received first,and the revenue is earned later.

A)True

B)False

Answer: True

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Chapter 4: Completing the Accounting Cycle

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Sample Questions

Q1) Which of the following statements is true of the accounting cycle?

A)It takes place only at the end of an accounting period.

B)It involves preparation of adjusting entries after the closing entries.

C)It ignores the beginning balances of accounts.

D)It is a process by which financial statements for a period are produced.

Q2) After closing entries have been posted ________.

A)the ending balance of Retained Earnings has been properly updated

B)only permanent accounts carry balances

C)dividends have been closed into Retained Earnings

D)All of the statements are correct.

Q3) The permanent accounts-assets,liabilities,and stockholders' equity-are closed to the Common Stock account.

A)True

B)False

Q4) The balance sheet is the first financial statement that is prepared at the end of the period.

A)True

B)False

Q5) Why are temporary accounts not included in the post-closing trial balance?

Page 6

Q6) List the steps of the accounting cycle that take place at the end of the period.

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Chapter 5: Merchandising Operations

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Sample Questions

Q1) The entry to close Sales Revenue includes a debit to Income Summary.

A)True

B)False

Q2) On the income statement,a service company reports the cost of merchandise inventory that has been sold to customers.

A)True

B)False

Q3) The last step of the closing process of a merchandiser is to make the expense accounts equal zero via the Income Summary account.

A)True

B)False

Q4) Under the periodic inventory system,which of the following statements is correct?

A)During the period,the business records the cost of all inventory bought in the Merchandise Inventory account.

B)Purchase Returns and Allowances and Purchase Discounts are contra expense accounts.

C)Freight in is debited to the Purchases account.

D)Purchase discounts are recorded as credits to the Purchases account.

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Chapter 6: Merchandise Inventory

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Sample Questions

Q1) A high rate of inventory turnover indicates difficulty in selling inventory.

A)True

B)False

Q2) The tracking of inventory shrinkage due to theft,damage,or errors is done with the help of a(n)________ of inventory.

A)authorization

B)sale

C)physical count

D)delivery

Q3) Companies try to manage their inventory levels such that they will have just enough inventory to meet customer demand without investing large amounts of money in inventory or having it sit on the shelves gathering dust.

A)True

B)False

Q4) What does inventory turnover measure? What does a low rate of inventory turnover indicate?

Q5) What does inventory turnover measure? What does a high rate of inventory turnover indicate?

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Chapter 7: Internal Control and Cash

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Sample Questions

Q1) An electronic funds transfers system ________.

A)does not include debit card transactions

B)is seldom used by businesses

C)transfers cash by electronic communication rather than by paper documents

D)uses forms such as checks and deposit tickets to transfer cash

Q2) Which of the following is NOT an internal control over the petty cash fund?

A)Petty cash tickets are sequentially numbered.

B)A specific amount of cash is designated to be kept in the petty cash fund.

C)Petty cash tickets serve as the authorization voucher and explanation.

D)Two custodians should be assigned responsibility for the petty cash fund.

Q3) A way to account for petty cash by maintaining a constant balance in the petty cash account and which at any time requires that cash plus petty cash tickets must total the amount allocated to the petty cash fund,is known as the ________.

A)control system

B)voucher system

C)balanced system

D)imprest system

Q4) Discuss the roles of the internal auditors and the external auditors.

Q5) List the four steps,the proper order,of the purchasing and payment process.

Page 9

Q6) Fifth National Bank requires mandatory vacations and job rotation.

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Chapter 8: Receivables

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Sample Questions

Q1) At the beginning of 2019,Patriots,Inc.has the following account balances: Accounts Receivable $45,000 (Debit) Allowance for Bad Debts $8,000 (Credit)

Bad Debts Expense $0

During the year,credit sales amounted to $810,000.Cash collected on credit sales amounted to $770,000,and $18,000 has been written off.At the end of the year,the company adjusted for bad debts expense using the percent-of-sales method and applied a rate,based on past history,of 3.5%.The amount of bad debts expense for 2019 is

A)$28,350

B)$56,875

C)$18,000

D)$18,350

Q2) The three major types of receivables are accounts receivable,notes receivable,and other receivables.

A)True

B)False

Q3) The acid-test ratio is also known as the quick ratio.

A)True

B)False

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Chapter 9: Plant Assets, natural Resources, and Intangibles

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Q1) A truck was acquired for $100,000 and has accumulated depreciation of $70,000.The business exchanges the truck for a new one.The new truck has a market value of $120,000 and the business pays $100,000 cash.Assume the exchange has commercial substance.Prepare the journal entry to record this transaction.Omit explanation.

Q2) All plant assets are depreciated.

A)True

B)False

Q3) A company's accountant capitalized a payment that should have been recorded as a revenue expenditure.How will this error affect the company's financial statements?

A)Net income will be overstated.

B)Revenues will be understated.

C)Assets will be understated.

D)Liabilities will be understated.

Q4) Intangible assets ________.

A)always have a definite life

B)are recorded at cost when purchased externally

C)are always expensed through amortization

D)do not include goodwill

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Chapter 10: Investments

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Sample Questions

Q1) On the maturity date of a bond investment,the journal entry includes ________.

A)a debit to Cash and a credit to Held-to-Maturity Debt Investments

B)a debit to Long-term Investments and a credit to Cash

C)a debit to the Interest Revenue and a credit to Cash

D)recording a gain or loss on disposition at maturity

Q2) Realized gains or losses on available-for-sale debt investments represent the difference between the ________.

A)historical cost and the average market value of the investment

B)fair value and the current market value of the investment

C)cash received at time of disposition and the fair value of the investment

D)cash received at time of disposition and the cost of the investment

Q3) Depending on the maturity date,held-to-maturity debt investments are categorized as current assets or long-term assets on the balance sheet.

A)True

B)False

Q4) A parent company is a company that is controlled by another corporation.

A)True

B)False

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Page 12

Chapter 11: Current Liabilities and Payroll

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Sample Questions

Q1) Which of the following is required to be deducted from employees' paychecks?

A)federal income tax

B)SUTA

C)FUTA

D)charitable contributions

Q2) If the likelihood of a future event is remote,how should the company report the contingency?

Q3) Unearned revenues are current liabilities until they are earned.

A)True

B)False

Q4) Extra compensation items that are not paid directly to an employee are called

A)bonuses

B)benefits

C)wages

D)commissions

Q5) Any portion of a long-term liability that is due with the next year is reported as a current liability.

A)True

B)False

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Chapter 12: Long-Term Liabilities

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Sample Questions

Q1) The interest rate that investors demand to earn for loaning their money is known as the ________.

A)stated interest rate

B)coupon rate

C)differential rate

D)market interest rate

Q2) The main reason companies retire bonds prior to their maturity date is to relieve the pressure of paying interest payments.

A)True

B)False

Q3) Adventure Travel signed a 14%,10-year note for $152,000.The company paid an installment of $2200 for the first month.After the first payment,what is the principal balance? (Do not round any intermediate calculations,and round your final answer to the nearest dollar. )

A)$149,800

B)$150,227

C)$151,573

D)$154,200

Q4) When computing the present value of a bond,which interest rate is used? Why?

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Chapter 13: Stockholders Equity

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Sample Questions

Q1) The journal entry to record the purchase of treasury stock includes a debit to Treasury Stock - Common for the shares purchased multiplied by the par or stated value of the stock.

A)True

B)False

Q2) Pumpkin Corporation issued 10,000 shares of common stock on January 1,2018.The stock has no par value and was issued at $17 per share.The journal entry for this transaction includes a ________.

A)debit to Cash for $170,000 and a credit to Common Stock-No-Par Value for $170,000

B)debit to Cash for $170,000 and a credit to Paid-In Capital in Excess of Par-Common for $170,000

C)credit to Cash for $170,000 and a debit to Common Stock-No-Par Value for $170,000

D)credit to Cash for $170,000,a debit to Paid-In Capital in Excess of Par-Common for $10,000,and a debit to Common Stock-No-Par Value for $160,000

Q3) Retired shares of treasury stock may later be reissued.

A)True

B)False

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Chapter 14: The Statement of Cash Flows

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Q1) Which of the following describes the operating activities section of the statement of cash flows?

A)It reports cash receipts and cash payments that increase or decrease long-term assets.

B)It includes cash inflows and outflows related to long-term liabilities and equity.

C)It reports on activities that create revenue or expenses for the entity's business.

D)It reports on how cash flows affect the total assets and total liabilities.

Q2) Which of the following is a cash outflow for a financing activity on the statement of cash flows?

A)payment of interest on a loan

B)payment for purchasing Merchandise Inventory

C)payment of dividends

D)payments to the government for taxes

Q3) The three major categories included on the statement of cash flows are ________.

A)investing,operating,and financing activities

B)investing,capital,and financing activities

C)investing,operating,and contracting activities

D)financial,operating,and internal control activities

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Chapter 15: Financial Statement Analysis

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Sample Questions

Q1) Grand Office Supply reported the following gross profit percentages: 2017: 37.5%;2018: 36.2%;2019: 20.8%.The industry average is 35%.What are some possible reasons for the decline in 2019?

Q2) In a vertical analysis of the balance sheet,each line item is shown as a percentage of stockholders' equity.

A)True

B)False

Q3) To accurately determine the financial performance of a company,it is necessary to compare the company's performance ________.

A)with a competing company

B)to the budget

C)with companies in different industries

D)only with profitable companies

Q4) Trend analysis is a form of horizontal analysis.

A)True

B)False

Q5) The price/earnings ratio shows the market price of $1 of earnings.

A)True

B)False

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Chapter 16: Introduction to Managerial Accounting

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Q1) Unlike merchandising companies,income statements of service companies include cost of goods sold as a line item.

A)True

B)False

Q2) The income statement of a service company will most likely include ________.

A)salaries expense

B)factory overhead

C)cost of goods sold

D)direct materials

Q3) The wages of factory janitors are considered to be direct labor costs because they are directly related to the manufacturing process.

A)True

B)False

Q4) At the end of the year,Mary's supervisor asked her to record sales transactions for products that would not ship until the following year,and she complied.Mary has violated IMA ethical standards.

A)True

B)False

Q5) Define indirect cost.

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Chapter 17: Job Order Costing

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Sample Questions

Q1) Which of the following accounts would be debited in the journal entry to record the issuance of direct materials?

A)Cost of Goods Sold

B)Work-in-Process Inventory

C)Finished Goods Inventory

D)Raw Materials Inventory

Q2) Fogelin Promotional Services uses a job order system for costing and billing promotional services for dance and ballet performances.Fogelin has four public relations specialists and office staff.At the beginning of the year,Fogelin estimated the total cost of salaries and benefits for the public relations specialists at $403,300 and a total of 7200 billable hours for the year.The office and administrative costs were estimated at $676,000.What direct labor rate would Fogelin use for the cost of its specialists? (Round your answer to the nearest cent. )

A)$93.89 per hour

B)$149.90 per hour

C)$37.88 per hour

D)$56.01 per hour

Q3) Define a job order costing system and list two types of businesses that would use a job order costing system.

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Chapter 18: Process Costing

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Q1) Garcia Manufacturing has two processes-Coloring and Mixing.The company assigned $390,000 to the 6000 gallons of paint transferred from Mixing Department to Finished Goods Inventory.The journal entry to record this assignment of cost is

A)debit Work-in-Process Inventory-Mixing,$390,000;credit Finished Goods Inventory,$390,000

B)debit Finished Goods Inventory,$390,000;credit Cost of Goods Sold,$390,000

C)debit Cost of Goods Sold,$390,000;credit Finished Goods Inventory,$390,000

D)debit Finished Goods Inventory,$390,000;credit Work-in-Process Inventory-Mixing,$390,000

Q2) Under process costing,a single Work-in-Process Inventory account is maintained for all processes,with a subsidiary ledger containing individual production cost reports for each process.

A)True B)False

Q3) The equivalent units of production for transferred in units are always 100%.

A)True B)False

Q4) What does the concept of equivalent units of production allow businesses to measure?

Page 20

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Chapter 19: Cost Management Systems:

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Sample Questions

Q1) Target pricing starts with the full product cost,and it then adds the desired profit to arrive at the sales price.

A)True

B)False

Q2) An activity-based costing system is developed in four steps:

A.Compute the predetermined overhead allocation rate for each activity.

B.Identify activities and estimate their total indirect costs.

C.Identify the allocation base for each activity and estimate the total quantity of each allocation base.

D.Allocate indirect costs to the cost object.

Which of the following is the correct order for performing these steps?

A)a,b,c,d

B)c,a,b,d

C)b,c,a,d

D)b,a,c,d

Q3) Use of a single plantwide overhead rate assumes that there is a direct relationship between the allocation base and overhead costs in all plant activities.

A)True

B)False

Page 21

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Chapter 20: Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis

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Q1) Costs that have both variable and fixed components are called ________.

A)fixed costs

B)variable costs

C)mixed costs

D)contribution costs

Q2) A(n)________ groups cost by behavior;costs are classified as either variable costs or fixed costs.

A)balance sheet

B)contribution margin income statement

C)traditional income statement

D)absorption costing income statement

Q3) Advantage,Inc. ,a tennis equipment manufacturer,has variable costs of $0.60 per unit of product.In August,the volume of production was 27,000 units,and units sold were 21,800.The total production costs incurred were $30,600.What are the fixed costs per month?

A)$14,400

B)$17,520

C)$3600

D)$16,200

Q4) How is the contribution margin ratio calculated?

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Chapter 21: Variable Costing

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Sample Questions

Q1) For short-term pricing decisions,variable costing is an appropriate costing method to use.

A)True

B)False

Q2) Palmer's Plant Food Company sells two products,Quo-Eco and Quo-Pre,with a sales mix of 65% and 35%,respectively.Quo-Eco has a contribution margin per unit of $10,and Quo-Pre has a contribution margin per unit of $15.The company sold 1,000 total units in March.

Requirements:

a)Calculate the total contribution margin for the company.

b)Assume the sales mix shifted to 50% for each product,and calculate the total contribution margin for the company.

Q3) Gross profit is calculated by deducting ________ from sales revenue.

A)total fixed costs

B)cost of goods sold

C)total variable costs

D)selling and administrative costs

Q4) When units produced are less than units sold,how does operating income differ between variable costing and absorption costing? Explain your answer.

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Chapter 22: Master Budgets

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Q1) To calculate budgeted direct labor costs,multiply the number of units to be produced by the number of projected direct labor hours.Next,multiply that total by the actual direct labor cost per hour.

A)True

B)False

Q2) When a manufacturing company prepares the budgeted balance sheet,the balance of the Accounts Payable account is taken from the cash budget.

A)True

B)False

Q3) In a company with different business units,individual managers make decisions by changing various assumptions of its budget in order to determine how the modifications would affect the operational and financial results.This is an example of ________.

A)financial statement analysis

B)responsibility accounting

C)sensitivity analysis

D)zero-based budgeting

Q4) List the three sections of the cash budget for a manufacturer.

Q5) What is the cornerstone of the master budget for a merchandising company? Why?

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Chapter 23: Flexible Budgets and Standard Cost Systems

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Q1) Aunt Emily's Food Products is famous for its frosted fruit cake.The main ingredient of the cake is dried fruit,which Aunt Emily's purchases by the pound.In addition,the production requires a certain amount of direct labor.Aunt Emily's uses a standard cost system,and at the end of the first quarter,there was a favorable direct materials cost variance.Which of the following is a logical explanation for that variance?

A)The production manager negotiated a lower wage package for production staff,bringing direct labor costs down.

B)The factory lost two experienced workers at the beginning of the quarter,and their replacements worked at a much slower pace during their training period.

C)The purchasing manager was able to secure a volume discount on dried fruit,purchasing the fruit for less than the amount set by standard.

D)The production staff changed the work flow process so that there was less wastage of direct materials during production.

Q2) What does the fixed overhead cost variance measure?

Q3) List the direct labor variances and briefly describe each.

Q4) What does the fixed overhead volume variance measure?

Q5) List the direct materials variances,and briefly describe each.

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Chapter 24: Responsibility Accounting and Performance Evaluation

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Q1) Residual income compares the division's actual operating income with the minimum operating income expected by top management for the given size of the division's average total assets.

A)True

B)False

Q2) An investment center manager is responsible for generating profits and managing invested capital.

A)True

B)False

Q3) The production line of a manufacturing company is most likely to be considered to be a(n)________.

A)cost center

B)profit center

C)revenue center

D)investment center

Q4) How is the use of a balanced scorecard as a performance evaluation system helpful to companies?

Q5) Define cost-based transfer price.When should cost-based transfer pricing be used? Explain your answer.

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Chapter 25: Short-Term Business Decisions

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Q1) Voyage Boat Company manufactures 100 luxury yachts per month.A compact media center is included in each yacht.Voyage Boat manufactures the media center in-house but is considering the possibility of outsourcing this function.At present,the variable cost per unit is $280,and the fixed costs are $38,000 per month.Aaron Dalton,the CEO,wishes to increase operating income by $2000.He has an offer from a foreign producer to provide the media centers at a contract cost of $350 per unit.The required savings in fixed costs in order to achieve his objective would be ________.

A)$2000

B)$7000

C)$9000

D)$28,000

Q2) Identify the four steps in the decision-making process.

Q3) Qualitative information that a manager might evaluate in making a decision would include all of the following except ________.

A)calculating the breakeven point under two different alternatives

B)the effect of layoffs on employee morale

C)the reduction in control over delivery time due to subcontracting

D)upsetting regular customers by offering discounts to selected customers

Q4) Define the terms "Relevant Cost" and "Sunk Cost."

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Chapter 26: Capital Investment Decisions

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Q1) Two methods of analyzing potential capital investments-payback and accounting rate of return-ignore the time value of money.

A)True

B)False

Q2) Which of the following best describes the internal rate of return?

A)interest rate that makes the net present value of the investment equal to zero

B)discount rate that is used to evaluate funds borrowed from a lender for profitability

C)the ratio of average annual income to average amount invested

D)the rate at which the profitability of an investment increases

Q3) The payback method is a screening device and is rarely used as the sole method for deciding whether to invest in an asset.

A)True

B)False

Q4) Under what circumstances is the investment with the shortest payback the best choice? How should managers use the payback method?

Q5) When using the accounting rate of return,what is the rule for making the decision to make the investment?

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Chapter 27: Accounting Information Systems

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Q1) Cash purchases are recorded in the purchases journal.

A)True

B)False

Q2) If there is cash involved in a business transaction,the transaction should be recorded in either the ________.

A)cash payments journal or cash receipts journal

B)cash payments journal or general journal

C)cash payments journal or cash receipts journal and in general journal

D)sales journal or purchases journal

Q3) The purchases journal is a special journal that ________.

A)has special columns for credits to merchandise inventory

B)is used to record all purchases of merchandise inventory

C)has a special column for debits to accounts payable

D)is used to record merchandise inventory,office supplies,and other assets purchased on account

Q4) The sale of merchandise inventory for cash is recorded in the ________.

A)general journal

B)cash receipts journal

C)sales journal

D)accounts receivable journal

To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 29

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