Principles of Management
Exam Answer Key
Course Introduction
Principles of Management introduces the fundamental concepts, theories, and practices that underpin managerial roles within organizations. This course explores essential functions such as planning, organizing, leading, and controlling, while emphasizing decision-making, effective communication, motivation, and leadership strategies. Through real-world examples and case studies, students will develop a comprehensive understanding of how managers coordinate resources and people to achieve organizational goals in a dynamic business environment.
Recommended Textbook
Organizational Behavior V 1.1 by Talya Bauer and Berrin Erdogan
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15 Chapters
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2
Chapter 1: Organizational Behavior
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Sample Questions
Q1) __________ is to truth in measurement,as ___________ is to consistency in measurement.
Answer: Validity,reliability
Q2) Close-ended survey questions can be very time consuming to summarize and very hard to interpret.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Validity is
A)an entity that can take on different values.
B)the consistency in measurement.
C)the strength of the relationship between two variables.
D)the truth of a measurement.
Answer: D
Q4) ______________ is the strength of a relationship between two variables. Answer: Correlation
Q5) In general,the higher the ________,the more money you will make. Answer: degree you attain
Q6) A single observation is ________,multiple observations are ________.
Answer: datum,data
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Managing Demographic and Cultural Diversity
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Sample Questions
Q1) The tendency for individuals to be attracted to similar individuals is called the ____________-_____________ phenomenon.
Answer: similarity/attraction
Q2) Which of the following statements regarding diversity in the workplace is correct?
A)The wage gap between Hispanic and Caucasian workers is smaller than the wage gap between male and female workers.
B)While female workers face a glass ceiling,other minorities face no such issue to attainment of upper level managerial jobs.
C)Company policies requiring disclosure of sexual orientation lead to higher job satisfaction and organization commitment among lesbian,bisexual,gay and transgender employees.
D)Federal law requires reasonable accommodation be considered when an employee brings up a disability.
Answer: D
Q3) IBM is a pioneer in programming for a diverse workforce.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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4
Chapter 3: Understanding People at Work: Individual
Differences and Perception
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Sample Questions
Q1) If Dan complains about his instructors being boring every time they lecture,he is demonstrating high consistency.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Hofstede found that countries differ on the equality or hierarchy among people or its A)uncertainty avoidance.
B)power distance.
C)masculinity.
D)individualism
Answer: B
Q3) Agnes failed her accounting exam and complains that the exam was too difficult.Marta just ignores her because Agnes did not study at all in the three weeks prior to the exam.Marta is making an __________ for Agnes's failure. Answer: internal attribution
Q4) Stanley always sees "the glass as half empty." Stanley is a ___________ person. Answer: negative affective
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Chapter 4: Individual Attitudes and Behaviors
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Sample Questions
Q1) Rosaline is the superintendent of a school district.A new board of directors,to whom she is responsible,has just been elected and the philosophical direction the board wishes to take varies from the direction Rosaline has taken the district over the past five years.Rosaline is going to tender her resignation.How can she do so gracefully?
Q2) A departing employee's manager is the best person to conduct the exit interview.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following factors is not a cause of high levels of absenteeism in a firm?
A)positive work attitudes
B)health problems
C)age of the worker
D)work/life balance issues
Q4) All stress on the job is bad.
A)True
B)False
Q5) An _______ is an opinion,belief or feeling about an aspect of the environment.
Q6) The feelings people have toward their job is called ______ ___________.
Q7) Describe the link between work attitudes and turnover.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Theories of Motivation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Michele is being considered for a managerial position at Halliburton.She completes a TAT as part of an assessment center exercise for prospective managers.Facilitators will examine the results carefully for their manager choices knowing that
A)individuals high in need for achievement may find it difficult to delegate authority to subordinates.
B)individuals high in need for affiliation are especially effective at providing critical feedback to employees.
C)individuals high in need for power have difficulties disciplining poor performers.
D)individuals high in need for achievement are especially effective at coaching and meeting with subordinates.
Q2) Reinforcement theory is based on behavioral and operant conditioning.
A)True
B)False
Q3) One effective way of achieving procedural justice is to allow employees a voice in decision making.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Designing a Motivating Work Environment
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Sample Questions
Q1) Adequate notice ensures that there is two-way communication during the performance appraisal process.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following is an advantage to job specialization?
A)Training costs are higher,but because of the specialized nature of tasks,they are learned more fully.
B)The nature of the jobs leads to lower absenteeism.
C)Staffing costs are lower because the repetitive nature of tasks makes skill requirements lower.
D)The nature of the jobs is especially effective in rapidly changing environments.
Q3) Leaving employees free to choose job performance methods is an important element of scientific management techniques.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A one-time reward that follows a specific accomplishment is called a _________.
Q5) Using the concepts of job design,goal setting and incentive systems,discuss how Nucor Steel Company successfully motivates its employees.
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Chapter 7: Managing Stress and Emotions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Differentiate between surface,deep and genuine acting.
Q2) Stress is
A)a fact of nature.
B)decreasing in the American workplace.
C)a mental barrier,but not a physical one.
D)always negative.
Q3) Emotional resonance
A)is a technique that ignores the negative emotions of clients.
B)is the gap between individuals' words and their true feelings.
C)is a technique that identifies employees' feelings about their work.
D)Is an emotional barrier between individuals.
Q4) Describe Affective Events Theory.
Q5) Flexible scheduling is one approach to addressing _________-______ conflict.
Q6) Stress-related issues cost companies billions of dollars annually due to absenteeism,lost productivity,and accidents.
A)True
B)False
Q7) Role conflict is the strongest predictor of poor performance on the job.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Communication
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Sample Questions
Q1) The word or term "secretary" is an example of biased language.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What has research shown to be true about nonverbal communication?
A)Nonverbal cues are only minimally important.
B)Our gestures and other nonverbal movements are largely habitual and really do not convey much to your audience.
C)When individuals are lying,they blink more frequently,shift their feet,and shrug more often.
D)Only 7% of our message is conveyed through nonverbal communication while 55% is conveyed through the actual words of the message.
Q3) Communication fulfills all of the following organizational functions EXCEPT
A)transmitting information.
B)sharing emotions.
C)control.
D)coordination.
Q4) The process of translating ideas into words is ______________.
Q5) Give an example of a communication freezer and indicate why it ends effective communication.
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Chapter 9: Managing Groups and Teams
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Sample Questions
Q1) Hackman identified three major classes of tasks.List those classes and describe them.
Q2) Describe task interdependence levels as they relate to teams.
Q3) Which of the following statements regarding ethics and teams is INCORRECT?
A)Research demonstrates that hierarchical systems always constrain team members more than a self- managed team does.
B)Self- managed teams are viewed as a technique to overcome the negative aspects of bureaucracy.
C)Team pressure can be more powerful than managerial control.
D)Team pressure can result in unethical behavior by team members.
Q4) A firm's top management team often represents a variety of functional areas.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The more diverse a team is with regard to expertise,gender,age,and background,the more likely the team is to avoid groupthink.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Describe the three general categories of work team roles and then give an example of each.Describe the nature of each example role given.
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Conflict and Negotiations
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Sample Questions
Q1) The conflict handling style in which people are highly assertive but low on cooperation is _______________.
Q2) The party with the best alternative to a negotiated agreement is in the best negotiating position.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Intrapersonal conflict is
A)a type of conflict between two people.
B)conflict that takes place between different groups such as between different departments.
C)a process that involves people disagreeing.
D)a type of conflict that arises when a person is uncertain about what is expected or wanted or has a sense of being inadequate to the task.
Q4) List the steps in the negotiation process.
Q5) The platinum rule of negotiations is to care for others enough to treat them the way they want to be treated and long-term relationships will be established.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: Making Decisions
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Sample Questions
Q1) The insightful or "eureka" moment in the creative decision-making process is the ___________ phase.
Q2) In the intuitive decision-making process,only one choice is considered at a time.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Given research on anchoring bias,individuals are more likely to focus on "60% of all people taking the test pass",rather than "40% of all people taking the test fail."
A)True
B)False
Q4) When a decision is important and outcomes need to be maximized,use the __________ ___________ __________ __________ to make your decision.
Q5) Wildstorming is a process where the group focuses on ideas that are impossible and then tries to imagine what would need to happen to make them possible.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Give an example of a strategic decision and indicate who usually makes it.
Q7) The generation of new,imaginative ideas is ___________.
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Chapter 12: Leading People Within Organizations
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Sample Questions
Q1) The information system department's employees are highly skilled individuals who possess a very internal locus of control.The firm is looking to hire a manager for the department to replace the retiring manager.What type of leadership style would likely be most effective with this group?
A)supportive
B)achievement-oriented
C)directive
D)participative
Q2) Fiedler's contingency theory suggests different people can be effective in different situations.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A ______ ______ score from Fiedler's contingency theory means that an individual has a people-oriented personality and can separate his liking of a person from his ability to work with that person.
Q4) In House's path-goal theory,the leader's style is viewed as fixed and the environment changes; Fiedler's theory assumes just the opposite.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Power and Politics
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Sample Questions
Q1) When a target agrees to a request and actively supports it,the target's response is A)resistance.
B)compliance.
C)commitment.
D)conformity.
Q2) When the influence target does not wish to comply with the request and either passively or actively repels the influence attempt,they are exhibiting A)conformity.
B)compliance.
C)commitment.
D)resistance.
Q3) What are some organizational antecedents of political behavior?
Q4) Which of the following is not an aspect of the verbal strategy of impression management?
A)tone of voice
B)rate of your speech
C)intent of your speech
D)what you choose to say
Q5) What is conformity? Give an example of an instance where people conformed.
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Chapter 14: Organizational Structure and Change
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Sample Questions
Q1) Marta has been a part-time faculty member at the university for nine years.She has been teaching two to three writing courses a semester.Last month,the dean held a meeting where he announced that next academic year,part-time instructors would be limited to teaching only two classes during the entire year.Marta is very upset and tells her husband,"I may look into teaching at the community college next year but don't let anyone at the university know." This is an example of what kind of change reaction?
A)passive resistance
B)enthusiastic support
C)compliance
D)active resistance
Q2) What is the first step in Lewin's model of planned change?
A)refreeze
B)unfreeze
C)assess
D)change
Q3) Describe some forms that organizational change takes.
Q4) ___________ structures are highly formalized and centralized.
Q5) The most negative reaction to a proposed change attempt is ___________
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Chapter 15: Organizational Culture
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Sample Questions
Q1) ABC Corporation has its sights clearly set on XYZ Company.The firm's employees often talk about "cutting XYZ off at the knees." Recently a lawsuit was filed against ABC by XYZ because ABC "raided" the middle-level management level of XYZ and hired away 5 of its 7 managers.ABC has a(n)____________________ culture.
A)service
B)outcome
C)stable
D)aggressive
Q2) The Japanese culture emphasizes harmony,so it is highly unlikely a Japanese company would have an aggressive culture.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Individuals high in agreeableness would likely seek out firms with aggressive cultures.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A statement of purpose describing who the company is and what it does is a
Q5) How do leaders influence culture?
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