Principles of Diagnostic Medical Sonography
Pre-Test Questions
Course Introduction
Principles of Diagnostic Medical Sonography provides an in-depth introduction to the foundational concepts, physics, and instrumentation involved in sonographic imaging. This course explores the use of high-frequency sound waves to create diagnostic images of organs, tissues, and blood flow within the human body. Students will learn essential topics such as acoustic physics, transducer types and operation, image formation, Doppler principles, and safety considerations. Emphasis is placed on understanding the technical aspects of image acquisition, optimization, and interpretation to ensure accurate clinical assessment. The course also covers the roles and responsibilities of sonographers, patient care principles, and ethical considerations within diagnostic medical sonography.
Recommended Textbook
Sonography Principles and Instruments 9th Edition by Frederick W. Kremkau PhD
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7 Chapters
473 Verified Questions
473 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction
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Sample Questions
Q1) Vertical parallel scan lines are seen with which transducer format?
A) vector.
B) convex.
C) linear.
D) curvilinear.
Answer: C
Q2) Echoes produced by ________ objects have different ________ than the pulses sent into the body.
A) stationary; frequencies
B) stable; directions
C) moving; frequencies
D) moving; echoes
Answer: C
Q3) Animals have applied ultrasound to detect and capture prey.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Ultrasound
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108 Verified Questions
108 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Wavelength is the _______ over which one cycle occurs.
A) time
B) length
C) area
D) power
Answer: B
Q2) When frequency increases,the period decreases.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Attenuation encompasses ________.
A) absorption
B) scattering
C) reflection
D) all of the above
Answer: D
Q4) The average propagation speed in soft tissue is 1.54 m/s.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Page 4
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Chapter 3: Transducers
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Sample Questions
Q1) The frequency of a transducer is determined by the diameter and the propagation speed of the element.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) The near-zone length is determined by the size and the _________ of the element.
A) thickness
B) propagation speed
C) operating frequency
D) All of the above.
Answer: C
Q3) Beam width can be reduced by focusing to improve lateral resolution.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) Minimum reflector separation in the direction perpendicular to the beam direction describes axial resolution.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 4: Instruments
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85 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ________ and ________ determine the maximum imaging depth.
A) operating frequency; propagation speed
B) attenuation; maximum amplifier gain
C) minimum amplifier gain; attenuation
D) transducer element; propagation speed
Q2) Which of the following instrument components protects the sensitive input components?
A) Amplifiers.
B) Beam former.
C) Pulse delays.
D) Transmit/receive switch.
Q3) Pixel interpolation,persistence,and panoramic imaging are examples of ________.
A) preprocessing
B) spatial compounding
C) postprocessing
D) signal processors
Q4) Intensity of the echo information is stored as binary numbers in memory elements.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Doppler Principles
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Sample Questions
Q1) Multiple foci are used in color Doppler imaging.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following Doppler techniques must be time shared?
A) Color Doppler
B) Duplex imaging
C) Spectral analysis
D) Continuous wave
Q3) Which system control eliminates low-frequency Doppler shifts?
A) Range gate
B) Wall filter
C) Dynamic range
D) Angle correction
Q4) The Doppler shift is proportional to the blood flow speed.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Higher operating frequencies produce larger Doppler shifts.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Artifacts
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80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following artifacts appears as a series of closely spaced discrete echoes distal to a strongly reflective structure?
A) Ring down.
B) Comet tail.
C) Refraction.
D) Grating lobes.
Q2) Mirror image artifact is not a factor in color Doppler imaging.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The Nyquist limit describes the ________.
A) flow speed through a stenosis
B) driving force behind blood flow
C) resistance of blood flow in a straight tube
D) minimum number of samples required to avoid aliasing
Q4) Aliasing is caused by over-sampling of the Doppler shifts.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Beam width parallel to the scan plane causes partial volume artifact.
A)True
B)False
8
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Chapter 7: Performance and Safety
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Sample Questions
Q1) The American College of Radiology (ACR) Ultrasound Accreditation Program requires at least ________ testing for instrument quality control.
A) semimonthly
B) monthly
C) semiannual
D) annual
Q2) In soft tissue,a temperature rise is considered significant once it exceeds
A) 2 °C
B) 4 °C
C) 2 °F
D) 4 °F
Q3) For exposure duration up to fifty hours,there have been no significant adverse biological effects observed from temperature increases £ 2 °C above normal.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Doppler test objects and flow phantoms are not able to evaluate gate location.
A)True
B)False
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