Principles of Criminal Justice Pre-Test
Questions
Course Introduction
Principles of Criminal Justice offers an in-depth overview of the foundational concepts, institutions, and processes that make up the criminal justice system. The course covers the structure and functions of law enforcement, courts, and corrections, exploring how these components interact to uphold the rule of law and maintain social order. Key topics include the definition and measurement of crime, the rights of the accused, due process, criminal law, and the ethical considerations that guide practitioners in the field. Designed to foster critical thinking, this course also examines contemporary issues, challenges, and reform efforts within criminal justice, preparing students to understand and engage with the system both academically and professionally.
Recommended Textbook
Introduction to Criminal Justice 4th Edition by Robert M. Bohm
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14 Chapters
943 Verified Questions
943 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Crime and Justice in the United States
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74 Verified Questions
74 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) If defendants are not satisfied with the outcome of their trials,then they have the right to:
A) declare a mistrial.
B) appeal.
C) demand a retrial.
D) request new counsel.
Answer: B
Q2) In the Florida burglary case described in the text,what criminal justice function cost the most?
A) law enforcement
B) defense
C) prosecution and court
D) corrections
Answer: D
Q3) Herbert Packer characterizes the due process model as:
A) "assembly-line justice."
B) focused on speed and efficiency.
C) more concerned with guilt than with innocence.
D) "obstacle-course justice."
Answer: D
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Chapter 2: Crime and Its Consequences
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68 Verified Questions
68 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the National Crime Victimization Survey,in 2003 the total economic loss to victims of crime in the United States was:
A) $15 million.
B) $1.5 billion.
C) $15 billion.
D) $115 billion.
Answer: C
Q2) Never married,divorced,or separated people
A)More likely to be a victim of violent crime
B)Less likely to be a victim of violent crime
Answer: A
Q3) People aged 65 or older
A)More likely to be a victim of violent crime
B)Less likely to be a victim of violent crime
Answer: B
Q4) The United States Constitution forbids ex post facto laws.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 3: Explaining Crime
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What did Lombroso call a person predisposed to crime?
A) a stigmata
B) an atavist
C) a criminaloid
D) a psychopath
Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following is NOT a problem with psychotherapy?
A) it rests on faith; much of its theoretical structure is scientifically untestable
B) the emphasis of psychotherapy as an approach to rehabilitation is on the individual offender and not the individual offender in interaction with the environment in which the criminal behavior occurs
C) the behaviors that are treated in psychotherapy are not criminal, but are the deep-seated problems
D) it is unable to make patients aware of unconscious and deep-seated problems in order to resolve the symptoms associated with them
Answer: D
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5
Chapter 4: The Rule of Law
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73 Verified Questions
73 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT a provision of the USA PATRIOT Act?
A) the FBI is allowed to search private records without a warrant and probable cause and without having to reveal to anyone what it has done
B) the FBI no longer needs probable cause to conduct some types of wiretaps of criminal suspects
C) it creates the new crime of "domestic terrorism"
D) it prohibits the government from initiating surveillance or prosecution of U.S. citizens who only provide lodging to "terrorists"
Q2) Administrative or regulatory agencies are important to the criminal law because:
A) they render decisions that have the force of law
B) habitual violations of their rules may be addressed through criminal proceedings
C) legislatures often enact criminal statutes based on their recommendations
D) all of the choices are correct
Q3) What is the most important contributing factor to wrongful convictions?
A) inadequate legal representation
B) eyewitness misidentification
C) guilty pleas made voluntarily by innocent defendants
D) judicial errors, bias, or neglect of duty
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6
Chapter 5: History and Structure of American Law
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58 Verified Questions
58 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Among federal law enforcement agencies in 2002,the ______ employed the largest percentage of women,while the ______employed the smallest percentage of women.
A) Federal Bureau of Investigation-Federal Bureau of Prisons
B) U.S. Marshals Service-U.S. Secret Service
C) Internal Revenue Service-Drug Enforcement Agency
D) U.S. Customs Service-Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms
Q2) Under the <b>tithing system</b>,groups of 10 families (or a tithing)would follow three of the principles listed below.Which one does NOT belong?
A) Agree to follow the law
B) Keep the peace in their areas
C) Select one man from each parish as chief peacekeeper
D) Bring law violators to justice
Q3) The idea of ____ remains very popular in the South and the West.
A) federal police protection
B) police commissioners
C) self-protection
D) mounted militia units
Q4) Your textbook lists Peel's Principles of Policing.Name 5 of these 12 principles.
Q5) Briefly explain what the acronym PEPPAS stands for.
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Chapter 6: Police Work
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66 Verified Questions
66 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Your textbook lists nine critical functions of investigators.Name five of these.
Q2) Arrest is used only as a last resort to resolve any disturbance of the peace.
A)Legalistic
B)Watchman
C)Service
Q3) The crime triangle is a view of crime and disorder as an interaction among three variables,which are:
A) preventive patrol, investigation, and follow-up.
B) citizens, police, and criminals.
C) urban, suburban, and rural locations.
D) victim, offender, and location.
Q4) Criminal investigation has been defined as a lawful search of people and things to achieve three of the following goals.Which of the following is NOT one of the goals of criminal investigation?
A) Apprehend or determine the guilty party.
B) Reconstruct the circumstances of an illegal act.
C) Aid in the state's prosecution of the offender.
D) Conduct preventive patrol to ferret out crime.
Q5) Name the three essential and complementary components or operational strategies.
Q6) Name and define James Q.Wilson's three operational styles of policing.
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Chapter 7: Policing America: Issues and Ethics
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58 Verified Questions
58 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Police officers cannot make an arrest for every violation of law-that is,they cannot provide:
A) limited discretion.
B) selective enforcement.
C) high discretion.
D) full enforcement.
Q2) Your textbook names three successful police recruitment programs,which are listed below.Which of the programs listed below is NOT one of these programs?
A) Public safety officer programs
B) High school tech prep programs
C) Police Cadet programs
D) Police Athletic Leagues
Q3) Affirmative action has been relatively successful in increasing the percentage of women in policing.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Your textbook states that a number of conditions can lead to job stress and then names four of them.List these four conditions,with at least one example each.
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Page 9
Chapter 8: The Administration of Justice
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67 Verified Questions
67 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) This type of sentencing allows a judge to retain some sentencing discretion,subject to appellate review.
A)Indeterminate sentence
B)Determinate sentence
C)Flat-time sentencing
D)Mandatory sentencing
E)Presumptive sentencing
Q2) For most offenses,a majority of defendants are sentenced either on the day of conviction or the next day.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following is a problem with victims' rights laws and their implementation?
A) victims' rights vary greatly among states and at the federal level
B) victims' rights are often ignored, suffer from arbitrary implementation, or depend on the whims of criminal justice officials
C) victims from other cultures and those with disabilities frequently are not informed of their rights
D) all of the choices are correct
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Sentencing, Appeals, and the Death Penalty
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Sample Questions
Q1) The practical effect of the Furman decision was that the Supreme Court voided the death penalty laws of some 35 states.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In July 2000,the president of the ABA called for a moratorium on executions for five reasons.Three are listed below.Which is NOT one of the reasons listed in your textbook?
A) The execution of the mentally retarded and juveniles
B) Gender profiling
C) A lack of due process
D) Racial profiling
Q3) State and federal legislative bodies enact ____ that specify appropriate punishments for each statutory offense or class of offense.
A) indeterminate sentences
B) forms of restitution
C) flat-time sentences
D) penal codes
Q4) Name and explain the three procedural reforms approved by the Supreme Court in Gregg for death penalty cases.
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Chapter 10: Institutional Corrections
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74 Verified Questions
74 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In 2002,what percent of state prison inmate deaths were attributable to AIDS-related causes.
A) 0
B) 7
C) 12
D) 32
Q2) Which of the following was designed for younger,less hardened offenders,between 16 and 30 years of age?
A) The penitentiary
B) Transportation
C) The reformatory
D) Banishment
Q3) In which of the following types of jails do correctional officers constantly supervise inmates from secure control booths that overlook inmate living areas?
A) first-generation jails
B) second-generation jails
C) third-generation jails
D) fourth-generation jails
Q4) Define supermaximum,maximum,medium,and minimum prison security levels.
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Chapter 11: Prison Life, Inmate Rights, and Release
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64 Verified Questions
64 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ironically,the Eighth Amendment has done little to protect inmates from staff brutality because:
A) brutality is hard to prove without an adequate number of witnesses.
B) brutality is normally construed as a tort rather than a constitutional issue.
C) acts of brutality are frequently conducted in places where video cameras and other surveillance equipment are not present.
D) inmates are not allowed full constitutional rights in regard to the Eighth Amendment.
Q2) The process of<b> importation </b>occurs when an inmate enters prison for the first time,and is socialized into the customs and principles of the inmate society.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Women's prisons are usually not characterized by the ____ found in men's institutions.
A) antistaff mentality
B) interracial tension
C) violence
D) all of the choices are correct.
Q4) Explain the four typical ways in which inmates may be released from prison.
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Community Corrections
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67 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is conducted by the probation agency at the request of the judge,usually during the period between the finding (or plea)of guilt and sentencing?
A) The presentence investigation
B) The probation subsidy
C) Shock incarceration
D) Termination of probation
Q2) Serves parolees,prereleases,probationers,pretrial detainees,and persons on furlough from prison
A)Intensive-Supervision Probation and Parole
B)Day Reporting Centers
C)Structured Fines, or Day Fines
D)Home Confinement/Electronic Monitoring
E)Halfway Houses
Q3) Organized temporary release programs date back to the 1960s in American corrections.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Define four of the five types of intermediate sanctions discussed in your textbook.
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Juvenile Justice
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following standards of proof is necessary for arresting a juvenile?
A) reasonable suspicion
B) probable cause
C) preponderance of evidence
D) clear and convincing evidence
Q2) A number of studies have found that male status offenders are more likely to be formally processed than female ones.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Involves the provision of services to assist youths in successfully making the transition from juvenile institutions to life back in the community
A)Probation
B)Intensive-supervision probation
C)Restitution
D)Wilderness probation (outdoor adventure) programs
E)Day treatment programs
F)Foster homes
G)Group homes
H)Aftercare programs
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Understanding and Predicting the Future of Criminal Justice
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55 Verified Questions
55 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Approximately what percent of the identity-theft losses are borne by individuals (as opposed to businesses and financial institutions)?
A) 0
B) 10
C) 25
D) 50
Q2) Which of the following is NOT smuggled by some transnational organized groups?
A) commodities such as weapons or human beings
B) illegal drugs
C) protected species
D) all of the choices are smuggled
Q3) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of transnational organized crime groups,according to a recent survey by the United Nation's Centre for International Crime Prevention?
A) the majority of groups have a strong social or ethnic identity
B) for the majority of groups, violence is essential to the undertaking of their activities
C) the majority of groups are of moderate size (between 20 and 50 participants)
D) all of the choices are characteristics
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