Principles of Communication Exam Answer
Key
Course Introduction
Principles of Communication explores the fundamental theories, models, and processes that underlie human communication in various contexts. The course examines verbal and nonverbal communication, the impact of culture, perception, and language, as well as the barriers that can impede effective interaction. Students gain a solid foundation in both interpersonal and group communication, learning how messages are constructed, transmitted, received, and interpreted. Practical applications are emphasized through analysis of real-world scenarios, preparing students for effective communication in academic, professional, and social environments.
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Interpersonal Communication Relating to Others 8th Edition by Steven A. Beebe
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Chapter 1: Introduction to Interpersonal Communication
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Q1) What makes interpersonal communication inescapable?
Answer: Unless you live in isolation, you communicate interpersonally every day.Listening to your roommate, talking to a teacher, texting a friend, and talking to your parents or your spouse in person or via Skype are all examples of interpersonal communication.People always interpret what you say or do as a message, whether they are correct or not.So, as long as people are in contact with other people, communication will take place.
Q2) The message transfer model of communication portrays human communication as a ________ process.
A)revolving
B)linear
C)circular
D)helical
Answer: B
Q3) Mediated communication is a new, recent form of communication.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 2: Interpersonal Communication and Self
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Q1) The set of enduring internal predispositions and behavioral characteristics that describe how you react to your environment is your
A)self-concept.
B)true self.
C)reflexive self.
D)personality.
Answer: D
Q2) People with low self-esteem are likely to be more A)critical of others.
B)open to seeking opportunities to improve skills that need improving.
C)comfortable having others observe them when they perform.
D)open to admitting to having both strengths and weaknesses.
Answer: A
Q3) Your understanding of who you are is your A)self-disclosure.
B)self-worth.
C)self-knowledge.
D)self-awareness.
Answer: D
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Introduction to Interpersonal Communication
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Q1) When Lori got an A on her music history paper, she concluded that she was indeed smart.The next week, however, when she failed her biology test, she blamed the professor's "confusing" questions for her poor result.Lori is using what barrier to accurate perception?
A)fundamental attribution error
B)implicit personality theory
C)self-serving bias
D)horn effect
Answer: C
Q2) Rob met Frank in an online chat group for race car enthusiasts.Based on briefly looking over Frank's online profile, Rob decided that Frank is a typical show off, know-it-all race car owner.This tendency to stereotype someone based on the few cues online interactions provide is known as
A)social identity model of deindividuation effects (SIDE).
B)attribution theory.
C)impression formation theory.
D)implicit personality theory.
Answer: A
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5
Chapter 4: Interpersonal Communication and Diversity: Adapting to Others
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Q1) Your text claims that assuming similarity and assuming differences are barriers to effective intercultural communication.How can these two seemingly contradictory barriers both be true?
Q2) Which of the following cultures values an equal, or decentralized, distribution of power?
A)Israel
B)Russia
C)France
D)China
Q3) Virtually every organization or group develops a hierarchy that makes status distinctions.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Buying your friend flowers to apologize after a fight is an example of
A)adapting predictively.
B)adapting reactively.
C)accommodating.
D)refining the relationship.
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Q5) In what way might ethnocentrism be viewed as a positive cultural characteristic?
Q6) Define co-culture and give an example of a co-culture within the United States.
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Page 7
Chapter 5: Listening and Responding Skills
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Q1) Which barrier to effective listening is displayed when Helga listens to Sven very carefully until he says something she can use against him, and then she interrupts?
A)criticizing the speaker.
B)distracting emotional noise
C)differing speech rate and thought rate
D)being self-absorbed
Q2) Kaitlyn is excited about her new job and is telling Kendra about it.How can Kendra respond to Kaitlyn in ways that confirm her?
Q3) While listening to Marylou's story about a narrowly escaping a near-accident in her car, Phil is focused on the facts of the matter and is less concerned with Marylou's emotions and feelings.This is because Phil tends to be which kind of listener?
A)analytical
B)critical
C)relational
D)task-oriented
Q4) Explain the difference between fact and inference, and provide an example of each.
Q5) What is the difference between hearing and listening?
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Page 8
Chapter 6: Verbal Communication Skills
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Q1) We are more likely to apologize to people we barely know than we are to those with whom we share an intimate relationship.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Explain the concept of extended "I" language and how it can help soften what could be perceived as a harsh message.Give an example.
Q3) Janice and her family are enjoying their dinner meal together when the telephone rings.When Janice answers, the caller says, "Janet, this is Mr.Baxter with ABC Vacations.How are you doing today?" Janice corrects his mistake on her name and tells him that she's in the middle of dinner, to which Mr.Baxter replies, "Oh, I'm sorry, Janice.I just wanted to tell you about our great cruise offer that I can book for you here tonight..." Janice interrupts him, tells him she's not interested, and hangs up on the telemarketer.Which of Jack Gibbs' strategies for creating a supportive climate did Mr.Baxter most likely violate?
A)describe your feelings rather than evaluate others' behaviors
B)solve problems rather than try to control others
C)be genuine rather than manipulative
D)empathize rather than remain detached from others
Q4) What is the essence of linguistic determinism?
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Chapter 7: Nonverbal Communication Skills
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Q1) What is the first step to improving how you express your feelings to others?
A)being aware of your nonverbal behaviors
B)being aware of your verbal behaviors
C)practicing how you communicate verbally
D)asking others for feedback
Q2) Which function is involved when eye contact gives you information about another person's thought processes?
A)cognitive
B)monitoring
C)regulatory
D)expressive
Q3) Name and give examples of three of the five categories of movement and gestures identified by Ekman and Friesen.
Q4) In what stage of quasi-courtship behavior are we engaged when we move closer to someone, adopt an open body posture, and make eye contact?
A)courtship readiness
B)preening
C)positional cues
D)appeals to invitation
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Chapter 8: Conflict Management Skills
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Q1) Which myth about conflict has someone accepted if he or she believes that if only we listen harder and paraphrase, conflicts can be solved?
A)Conflict can always be avoided.
B)Conflict always occurs because of misunderstandings.
C)Conflict can always be resolved.
D)Conflict is always bad.
Q2) We experience physical changes when we are emotionally charged, including our adrenaline flowing faster, our strength increasing, our livers demanding more oxygen, our blood supply to our brains decreasing, and more blood being diverted to our extremities.Such changes fuel our
A)fight-flight responses.
B)cognitive thinking.
C)interpersonal power.
D)dialectical tension.
Q3) Describe three strategies to minimize misunderstandings and avoid pseudoconflict.
Q4) Name and define the five sources of power identified by French and Raven.
Q5) Name, describe, and give an example of each of the three types of interpersonal conflict.
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Chapter 9: Understanding Interpersonal Relationships
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Q1) When the decision about where to eat is in question, John usually defers to Phil.On the other hand, when it comes to which movie to see, John usually makes the decision.John and Phil's friendship seems to work that way in general.John is the expert and in charge of some things and Phil in others.Which of the following best characterizes their friendship?
A)complementary
B)symmetrical
C)parallel
D)dependent
Q2) Interpersonal intimacy is defined as the degree to which relational partners mutually confirm, value, and accept each other's sense of self.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Predicted outcome value theory asserts that people assess the potential rewards of a relationship based upon the possible costs to determine whether or not to invest in developing a relationship.
A)True
B)False
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12
Chapter 10: Managing Relationship Challenges
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Q1) When one researcher asked individuals to identify why their friendships with a friend of the same sex ended, first on the list of reasons was
A)new friends replacing old friends as circumstances changed.
B)physical separation.
C)people often just grow to dislike a characteristic of the friend's behavior or personality.
D)one friend's dating activity or romantic relationships interfering with the relationship.
Q2) According to the research by Michael Cody concerning students' assessments of what caused their intimate heterosexual relationships to break up, the number one cited cause was
A)faults.
B)infidelity.
C)unwillingness to compromise.
D)feeling constrained.
Q3) Jealousy and envy are interchangeable terms.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Why do people lie to each other? Use examples to support your explanations.
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Page 13
Chapter 11: Interpersonal Relationships: Friendship and Romance
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Q1) Miguel and Maria have been married for several years.Maria has been coming home from work and complaining bitterly about the new boss and all the changes that are going on.Miguel is getting a little tired of hearing her complaints but knows that Maria really needs to let off some steam.So instead of telling her to quit, he gives her a hug, asks her to sit down, and tell him all about it.Which strategy for escalating and maintaining a relationship is Miguel employing?
A)engaging in relationship talk
B)socially decentering and adopting an other-oriented perspective
C)seeking compliance
D)managing conflict cooperatively
Q2) What are the four skills and strategies used primarily to initiate a relationship? Give an example.
Q3) What is meant by relationship-specific social decentering? Provide an example.
Q4) The term relationship-specific social decentering describes other-oriented skills based on the knowledge and understanding gained in a specific intimate relationship.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Define friendship and list at least six of the qualities of friendship.
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Chapter 12: Interpersonal Relationships: Family and Workplace
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Q1) Darlene and Bill have always been firm disciplinarians.Family has always come first in every decision.They expect their children to be well behaved and obey the rules.Their oldest boy is now 17 years old and is displaying some alarming behaviors.He is increasingly argumentative, refuses to do his chores, and consistently violates curfew.When grounded or punished with loss of privileges, he says he doesn't care.Use the circumplex model of family interaction to explain what you think is going on in this family and what might be done about it.
Q2) Heidi and Gunther live with their biological parents.What type of family is this?
A)natural family
B)blended family
C)extended family
D)single-parent family
Q3) Regardless of the current status of your family, you have only one family of origin.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Explain leader-member exchange (LMX)theory.
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