Pre-Physical Therapy Final
Test Solutions
Course Introduction
Pre-Physical Therapy is a foundational course designed to introduce students to the field of physical therapy and prepare them for advanced study in physical therapy programs. The course covers essential topics such as human anatomy and physiology, movement science, rehabilitation principles, and the role of physical therapy in healthcare. Students will explore the ethical and professional standards of the profession, basic patient care skills, as well as observation and communication techniques vital for interacting with patients and healthcare teams. Emphasis is placed on understanding common musculoskeletal and neurological conditions, as well as developing a foundational knowledge of therapeutic exercises and assessments to promote patient well-being.
Recommended Textbook
Basic Biomechanics 6th Edition by Susan Hall
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15 Chapters
825 Verified Questions
825 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: What Is Biomechanics
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55 Verified Questions
55 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following are anthropometric factors?
A) the length of a forearm
B) the shape of a body
C) the weight of the trunk
D) all of the above
Answer: D
Q2) Which of the following is an example of equipment designed to enhance performance?
A) Klapskate
B) aerodynamic helmet
C) both A & B
D) none of the above
Answer: C
Q3) Within the fields of kinesiology and exercise science, the living organism most commonly of interest to the biomechanist is the human body.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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3
Chapter 2: Kinematic Concepts for Analyzing Human Motion
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55 Verified Questions
55 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is/are examples of superficial muscle(s)?
A) biceps
B) triceps
C) gastrocnemius
D) all of the above
Answer: D
Q2) Which of the following limb movements occur during "jumping jacks"?
A) flexion and abduction
B) extension and adduction
C) flexion and extension
D) adduction and abduction
Answer: D
Q3) Which imaginary cardinal plane bisects the body into right and left halves?
A) sagittal
B) frontal
C) transverse
D) none of the above
Answer: A
Q4) Translation is a synonym for __________________ motion. Answer: linear
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Chapter 3: Kinetic Concepts for Analyzing Human Motion
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55 Verified Questions
55 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is/are true regarding vector algebra?
A) In vector resolution, when a vector is resolved into two components, they are always perpendicular.
B) In vector composition, only perpendicular components can be composed into a resultant.
C) both A and B
D) none of the above
Answer: A
Q2) The metric units for volume of solids and volume of liquids are the same.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Which of the following is true regarding volume?
A) units are cm<sup>3</sup>
B) units are liters
C) directly proportional to mass
D) both A and B
E) all of the above
Answer: D
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Page 5
Chapter 4: The Biomechanics of Human Bone Growth and Development
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55 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following terms is defined as deformation divided by original length?
A) stress
B) strain
C) strength
D) elasticity
Q2) Which of the following statements is/are true regarding the strength of bone?
A) Cortical bone can withstand more stress than trabecular bone.
B) Trabecular bone can withstand more strain than cortical bone.
C) both A and B
D) none of the above
Q3) Appropriate strategies to lessen the likelihood of acquiring osteoporosis include which of the following?
A) adequate dietary calcium intake
B) regular weight-bearing exercise
C) both A and B
D) none of the above
Q4) A condition of reduced bone mineral density that predisposes the individual to fractures is called ___________________.
Q5) Explain the female athlete triad.
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Chapter 5: The Biomechanics of Human Skeletal
Articulations
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the result when a ligament is stretched beyond its elastic limit?
A) A sprain occurs.
B) Joint stability may be temporarily compromised.
C) Joint stability may be permanently compromised.
D) both A and B
E) all of the above
Q2) Joint stability is affected by which of the following?
A) shape of the articulating bones
B) arrangement and size of ligaments
C) area of contact between the bones
D) all of the above
Q3) The term "hypermobile" is used to describe what?
A) a joint with an unusually large range of motion
B) a joint with an unusually small range of motion
C) a gymnast
D) a sprinter
Q4) The myosynaptic reflex, also known as __________________ reflex, is provoked by the activation of the muscle spindles in a stretched muscle.
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Q5) The articular fibrocartilage partial disc in the knee is called
Chapter 6: The Biomechanics of Human Skeletal Muscle
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55 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is true regarding the stretch-shortening cycle?
A) When a muscle is stretched just prior to contraction, the resulting contraction is more forceful.
B) An eccentric contraction is followed by a concentric contraction.
C) The SSC promotes storage of elastic energy.
D) both A and B
E) all of the above
Q2) The torque of a muscle (rotary component) is greatest in what position?
A) when the moment arm is longest
B) when the muscle insertion is 90° to the bone
C) both A and B
D) position does not affect torque
Q3) Which of the following most accurately describes a motor unit?
A) a single muscle fiber and a single motor neuron
B) a single motor neuron and all muscle fibers it innervates
C) a single muscle fiber and several motor neurons
D) none of the above
Q4) A muscle contraction which does not result in a change in length is called
Q5) List and describe four common muscle injuries.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: The Biomechanics of the Human Upper Extremity
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Sample Questions
Q1) The rim of soft tissue located on the periphery of the glenoid fossa that adds stability to the glenohumeral joint is called the glenoid __________________.
Q2) Describe the two types of epicondylitis, including common names, involved muscles, symptoms and probable causes.
Q3) Which of the following activities may promote the development of rotator cuff impingement syndrome?
A) throwing
B) swimming
C) serving in tennis
D) all of the above
Q4) Proper pitching mechanics in youth pitchers can help prevent elbow injuries by reducing the valgus load on the elbow.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Workers who use vibrating tools are particularly susceptible to carpal tunnel syndrome.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: The Biomechanics of the Human Lower Extremity
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55 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe iliotibial band friction syndrome, including affected area, symptoms and probable causes.
Q2) Patellofemoral pain syndrome is likely associated with what?
A) weakness of vastus medialis relative to vastus lateralis
B) weakness of vastus lateralis relative to vastus medialis
C) weakness of biceps femoris relative to semitendinosus
D) weakness of semitendinosus relative to biceps femoris
Q3) Which of the following is not true about pelvic girdle movements?
A) position the acetabulum favorably for femoral movement
B) occurs in all 3 planes
C) occurs around the lumbosacral joint
D) all of the above are true
Q4) Which of the following statements is/are true?
A) When the knee undergoes a significant amount of flexion, it is necessary for the femur to slide forward on the tibia in order to prevent its rolling off of the tibial plateau.
B) During extension, the femur must slide backwards on the tibia.
C) both A and B
D) none of the above
Page 10
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Chapter 9: The Biomechanics of the Human Spine
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Sample Questions
Q1) A slight forward lean during sitting increases the load on the spine.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which part of the vertebrae bears the most weight?
A) lamina
B) superior articulating facet
C) body
D) inferior articulating facet
Q3) What action(s) do posterior trunk muscles cause when they contract unilaterally?
A) extension
B) hyperextension
C) lateral flexion
D) both A and B
E) all of the above
Q4) Spinal relaxation phenomenon explains what?
A) inactivity of spinal extensors during full flexion
B) inactivity of spinal flexors during full flexion
C) sit and reach flexibility test
D) yoga
Q5) The term "slipped disc" is often used to describe a ___________________ disc.
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Chapter 10: Linear Kinematics of Human Movement
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55 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The meter is the unit of measurement for which of the following?
A) distance
B) displacement
C) speed
D) both A and B
E) all of the above
Q2) A ball is tossed vertically upward from a height of 2 m with an initial velocity of 10 m/s. Just before the ball hits the ground, its velocity will be what?
A) 10 m/s
B) less than 10 m/s
C) greater than 10 m/s
D) not possible to predict
Q3) Vector mechanics apply to which of the following?
A) displacement
B) velocity
C) speed
D) both A and B
E) all of the above
Q4) The highest point in the trajectory of a projectile is the ___________________.
Q5) When acceleration is 0, velocity is ___________________.
12
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Chapter 11: Angular Kinematics of Human Movement
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55 Verified Questions
55 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is/are correct units for angular speed?
A) rpm
B) deg/s
C) rad/s
D) both A and B
E) all of the above
Q2) Which of the following expressions defines angular velocity?
A) change in angular position over a given time
B) angular displacement divided by time
C) both A and B
D) neither A nor B
Q3) If angular acceleration is constant, then angular velocity must be
A) constant
B) increasing or decreasing
C) equal to zero
D) none of the above
Q4) Once a thrown ball is released, the tangential and radial acceleration become zero.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Linear Kinetics of Human Movement
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following relationships is always true?
A) <sub>k</sub> < <sub>s</sub>
B) <sub>s</sub> < <sub>k</sub>
C) <sub>k</sub> = <sub>s</sub>
D) none of the above
Q2) A 500N gymnast performing a giant swing with an angular velocity of 5 rad/sec, exerts 90 Nm of torque on the support bar. How much torque is exerted by the bar on the gymnast's hands?
A) 100 Nm
B) 2500 Nm
C) 590 Nm
D) 90 Nm
Q3) Two common forces that act to reduce momentum are ___________________ and __________________ __________________.
Q4) The 2 variables that determine momentum are
A) velocity and time
B) velocity and mass
C) mass and acceleration
D) velocity and acceleration
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Chapter 13: Equilibrium and Human Movement
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Sample Questions
Q1) When other factors remain constant, an increase in the mass of an object will subsequently increase the object's stability.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which one of the following incorrectly identifies the parts of a lever within the human body?
A) a bone is the rigid bar
B) a joint is the axis of rotation
C) a muscle insertion provides the point of force
D) COM of the moving segment is the point of resistance
E) all of the above are correct
Q3) A motionless body is in a state of static equilibrium.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The ratio of force arm to resistance arm defines ___________________
Q5) Explain 1 lever system within the human body, including the lever, axis, force, resistance, class, mechanical advantage and practical advantages.
Q6) Discuss the factors that determine the force-generating capability of a muscle.
15
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Chapter 14: Angular Kinetics of Human Movement
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following are accurate units for centripetal force?
A) kg·m<sup>2</sup>/s
B) kg·deg<sup>2</sup>/s
C) N
D) N-kg·m
Q2) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of a small body size (including muscle mass) for a gymnast performing full body rotations.
Q3) Which of the following acts to produce a change in angular momentum?
A) moment of inertia
B) torque
C) angular impulse
D) none of the above
Q4) Where is radius of gyration located in relation to center of gravity (COG)?
A) closer to the axis
B) further from the axis
C) same distance from the axis
D) need more information
Q5) The angular analogue of Newton's second law can be stated algebraically as T=I .
A)True
B)False
16
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Chapter 15: Human Movement in a Fluid Medium
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ski jumpers attempt to do which of the following?
A) increase lift and increase drag
B) increase lift and decrease drag
C) decrease lift and decrease drag
D) decrease lift and increase drag
Q2) The Bernoulli Principle explains the inverse relationship between velocity and pressure.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Lift force occurs in which direction?
A) up
B) down
C) sideways
D) all of the above
Q4) Which of the following describes the drag created by a pressure differential between the lead and rear sides of a body moving through a fluid?
A) form drag
B) profile drag
C) surface drag
D) both A and B above
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