Practical Nursing Fundamentals
Exam Solutions
Course Introduction
Practical Nursing Fundamentals introduces students to the essential knowledge, skills, and attitudes required for entry-level nursing practice. The course covers foundational concepts such as the nursing process, patient-centered care, safety, infection control, basic human needs, and effective communication with patients and healthcare teams. Students learn about legal and ethical responsibilities, medical terminology, and documentation principles. Through a combination of classroom instruction, laboratory practice, and simulation, students develop proficiency in basic nursing procedures, vital signs assessment, personal care techniques, and the use of medical equipment. This course prepares students for clinical experiences by emphasizing critical thinking, cultural sensitivity, and professionalism in healthcare settings.
Recommended Textbook
Success in Practical Vocational Nursing 7th Edition by Hill
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24 Chapters
615 Verified Questions
615 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Adult Learner: Hints to Succeed
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31 Verified Questions
31 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nursing student states,"I have taken advantage of informal learning experiences." Another student asks,"Could you give me an example?" The best example of an informal learning experience is
A) caring for a disabled family member.
B) taking a continuing education course.
C) enrolling in an academic program.
D) attending credit classes at the mall.
Answer: A
Q2) To explain clinical evaluation to a new student,what information would best describe where responsibility for the process of clinical evaluation lies?
A) The instructor evaluates the student's performance in the clinical area.
B) Peers evaluate change in clinical skills in each other in the clinical area.
C) The student continuously monitors his or her performance of selected clinical skills.
D) Clinical evaluation is a shared responsibility between instructor and student.
Answer: D
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3
Chapter 2: Time Management: Making Time Work for You
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nursing instructor advises a student nurse to set a long-term goal.An example of a long-term goal is
A) graduating from nursing school within 2 years.
B) writing a paper on the ramifications of childhood obesity.
C) giving two oral reports during clinical preconference and postconference.
D) earning a grade of C or better on each of the current semester exams.
Answer: A
Q2) A nurse states,"I enjoy writing my 'to do' list daily." From this statement one can conclude that this strategy appeals to the student's
A) creative mind.
B) ethical mind.
C) right cerebral hemisphere.
D) left cerebral hemisphere.
Answer: D
Q3) Using a schedule allows a nursing student to A) develop inflexibility.
B) increase anxiety related to deadlines.
C) allocate adequate study time.
D) find time to do everything.
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: Learning Methods and Skills: How Do You
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29 Verified Questions
29 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following are intelligences identified by Gardner?
A) Spatial
B) Musical
C) Mathematical
D) Perceptual
E) Intrapersonal
F) Interpersonal
G) Kinesthetic
H) Linguistic
Answer: A,B,C,E,F,G,H
Q2) An African-American nursing student tells a classmate,"I think our nursing textbook is inadequate.When I read about assessing skin,they didn't mention anything about how to spot bruises or jaundice in a person of color." This is an example of
A) the need to focus textbook content on the majority culture.
B) failure to use multicultural resources, leading to racial bias.
C) stereotyping, leading to devaluation of minorities.
D) seeking to allay racial tension by focusing on similarities.
Answer: B
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5
Chapter 4: Using Your Methods and Skills: Studying and Testing
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26 Verified Questions
26 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which is a strategy of effective reading?
A) Read in a monotone with no inflection.
B) Read in phrases, a few words at a time, rather than word by word.
C) Read at the same pace regardless of difficulty.
D) Do not mark your book or ebook.
Q2) The rationale for use of short,frequent study periods that focus on understanding the material is
A) to memorize facts.
B) to lay down a neural trace.
C) to prevent old knowledge from interfering with recall of new knowledge.
D) to motivate learning by developing a positive attitude toward the subject matter.
Q3) A nursing student is asked to identify distractions that limit the ability to concentrate.An example of an external distraction is
A) anxiety.
B) daydreaming.
C) mental fatigue.
D) background noise.
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Learning During School: Using Available Resources
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which behaviors indicate that a nursing student is taking responsibility for learning during a lecture-discussion or a cooperative learning session?
A) Advance preparation
B) Discussion participation
C) Listening closely
D) Heated argument
Q2) A nursing student asks a peer,"Why do we need a course outline when we have a course syllabus?" The response that best explains the importance of course outlines is
A) "They replace the teacher."
B) "They substitute for the textbook."
C) "They eliminate the need for class attendance."
D) "They indicate the level of understanding needed to pass the course."
Q3) A nursing student has a course syllabus and a course outline.When anticipating what topics to study for an examination,it is best to refer to the
A) course objectives.
B) unit objectives.
C) bibliography.
D) course policies.
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Chapter 6: Personal Health Promotion: A Role Model for Patients
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Sample Questions
Q1) The LPN/LVN notices that another nurse has made errors in practice and judgment over the past few weeks.In addition,the nurse's personality has undergone changes,such as irritability and unpredictability when responding to others.A patient mentioned to the LPN/LVN that when the nurse administered medication for pain relief,it didn't work as well as it had earlier in the day.Based on this information the LPN/LVN should
A) notify the state board of nursing.
B) confront the nurse with the observations.
C) call Employee Health and discuss the matter.
D) report these findings to the nurse in charge.
Q2) The nurse who works in the ICU leaves the room of a patient and bursts into tears.She tells a co-worker,"I have to touch the patient to provide care,but when I was turning her,a big piece of skin just sloughed off her back.How can I justify giving care when it seems to do more harm than good?" The nurse is most likely experiencing A) burnout.
B) detachment.
C) negative outcomes.
D) secondary traumatic stress.
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Page 8
Chapter 7: How Practical/Vocational Nursing Evolved: 1836 to
Present
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Sample Questions
Q1) The event that had the most profound influence in changing practical/vocational nursing was the
A) depression of the 1930s, when nurses worked for room and board in lieu of salary.
B) post-World War II movement of practical/vocational nurses into hospital positions.
C) American Medical Association (AMA) proposal to develop registered care technicians as new health care workers.
D) first computer-adaptive test for practical/vocational nursing graduates.
Q2) The first formal training for practical nurses focused on
A) care for victims of war injuries.
B) home care for children and people with chronic illness.
C) training visiting nurses and public health nurses.
D) creating nursing instructors for nursing programs.
Q3) In what year was practical nurse licensure utilized for the first time?
A) 1903
B) 1914
C) 1938
D) 1941
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Page 9
Chapter 8: Critical Thinking: A Lifelong Journey
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Sample Questions
Q1) The NCLEX-PN examination includes items that require various levels of thinking to answer a test item.These various levels are called ____________________.
Q2) The nursing student has learned the principles of determining and recording intake and output.When the student cares for a patient who has had a liquid breakfast and has voided twice and vomited once,the student documents intake and output in the patient's chart using the cognitive level known as
A) knowledge.
B) comprehension.
C) application.
D) analysis.
Q3) A nursing student demonstrates the ability to use learned material in new situations.This is an example of what cognitive level?
A) Analysis
B) Knowledge
C) Application
D) Comprehension
Q4) The cognitive levels used on the NCLEX-PN examination are knowledge,comprehension,application,and ____________________.
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10
Chapter 9: Nursing Process: Your Role
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Sample Questions
Q1) Identify the outcome that would be appropriate to include in the nursing care plan of a patient who has undergone total knee replacement.
A) The patient will be stronger by (date).
B) The patient will transfer from the bed to a chair with the assistance of a walker and one staff member by the third postoperative day.
C) The nurse will help the patient ambulate the length of the hall twice daily.
D) The nurse will evaluate the patient's strength based on his ability to ambulate in the hall on the first postoperative day.
Q2) How does the LPN/LVN use nursing diagnosis in patient care?
A) To set patient-centered goals
B) To convert nursing diagnoses to patient problems
C) To implement independent nursing interventions
D) To justify participation in data collection
Q3) A blood pressure of 110/70 at 8 PM is most accurately described as an example of A) planning data.
B) subjective data.
C) objective data.
D) reassessment data.
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11
Chapter 10: Nursing Theory,Research,and Evidence-Based Practice
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Sample Questions
Q1) A guest speaker is addressing a group of practical nursing students.The speaker informs the students that she is actively pursuing a doctoral degree in research and is in the process of collecting and measuring numerical data using statistics to describe variables of this study.The nursing students are aware that this type of study is most likely a
A) quantitative research study.
B) subjective research study.
C) qualitative research study.
D) grounded theory research study.
Q2) A newly admitted patient reports to the practical nurse that she is "hungry." The nurse confirms that the patient is on a regular diet and promptly retrieves a meal and provides it to the patient.According to Maslow's needs theory,the nurse is meeting the patient's
A) physiological needs.
B) safety needs.
C) self-actualization need.
D) love and belonging needs.
Q3) ______________________________ was the first to emphasize the environment as influencing the course of illness and is often spoken of as the first nursing theorist.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Ethics Applied to Nursing: Personal
vsProfessional Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which nursing actions are examples of use of the ethical principle of beneficence? (Select all that apply)
A) The LPN/LVN tells a patient to ask for a second doctor's opinion.
B) The LPN/LVN provides emotional support when the patient cries.
C) The LPN/LVN places the bed in a low position before leaving the room.
D) The LPN/LVN places medication the patient brought from home at the nurses' station.
E) The LPN/LVN provides report for the staff of the oncoming shift.
Q2) When a treatment team decides to go to court to obtain permission to provide chemotherapy for a child whose parents refuse to give consent for the treatment based on religious grounds,the ethical principles that are in conflict are
A) fidelity and justice.
B) beneficence and autonomy.
C) justice and beneficence.
D) autonomy and fidelity.
Q3) A system of standards or moral principles that direct actions as being right or wrong is called ____________________.
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Page 13
Chapter
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35 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) The instructor tells a student nurse,"You have functioned at a substandard level of clinical performance recently.Now you have a chance to redeem yourself.I'm assigning you to a complex nursing situation.I expect you to function without asking for assistance." The most appropriate response from the student nurse would be
A) "I'll try my best, but I will need someone on staff to answer my questions."
B) "Is this your way of asking for my resignation from the program?"
C) "I cannot accept the assignment. Complex nursing situations are beyond my abilities."
D) "You'd better remember that if anything goes wrong, the hospital will hold you responsible."
Q2) When documenting patient behavior,the LPN/LVN should
A) record subjective interpretations of patient behavior.
B) avoid mentioning communicating with supervisors to report changes in condition.
C) record all interventions performed and patient instruction given.
D) use Wite-Out to erase errors in documentation.
Q3) A legal document that describes the kind of medical or life-sustaining treatments the person would want if seriously or terminally ill is known as a(n)____________________.
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Chapter 13: Straightforward Communication: Instructors,
Coworkers, and Patients
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Sample Questions
Q1) Characteristics of one-way communication include all of the following except A) it is sender controlled.
B) receiver feedback is not expected.
C) it always has negative value.
D) it is useful to give commands.
Q2) A patient tells the nurse,"I don't know what to expect in the hospital.Everybody speaks medical-talk.Nobody tells me if I'm getting better or worse.Doctors march in and poke and prod me without asking my permission.And another thing,I can't stay here forever; I have to look after my elderly mother." From these data the nurse can correctly determine that the patient is
A) experiencing a difficult transition to the patient role.
B) unnecessarily sensitive to loss of independence.
C) excessively fearful of unknown aspects of hospitalization.
D) suffering from sensory overload.
Q3) The nurse enters a patient's room and asks,"How are things today?" The nurse has used
A) an open-ended question.
B) a focused question.
C) probing.
D) paraphrasing.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Assertiveness: Your Responsibility
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Sample Questions
Q1) What are the expected outcomes of using assertive communication in the nursing workplace?
A) It enmeshes the person and the issue.
B) It promotes positive relationships.
C) It is clear and unequivocal.
D) It respects the rights of oneself and others.
E) It is focused on the personal needs of the nurse.
F) It guarantees the user will get his or her way.
Q2) A student nurse is assigned to care for a patient who is known to be angry.During the caregiving process,the patient hits the student nurse.The action the student nurse should initially take is to
A) indicate that he does not like being hit and continue to provide care to the patient.
B) leave the patient in a safe situation and immediately report the event to the instructor.
C) immediately leave the room and call the patient's physician for an order to medicate the patient.
D) go to the telephone and call the local police to report the incident.
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Page 16
Chapter 15: The Health Care Team: Where the
Practical/Vocational Nurse Fits In
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement best describes the relationship between the student nurse assigned to a hospital unit for clinical experience and the unit staff?
A) The student is under direct supervision of the nurse manager of the unit at all times.
B) Students are on the clinical unit to give service to the hospital as they care for patients.
C) The student applies classroom learning under the supervision of faculty members during clinical training.
D) Practical nursing students form a nursing team of their own and are not a part of the larger unit team.
Q2) The LPN/LVN describes herself as "working in an expanded role in a long-term care facility." What is the most correct interpretation of this statement?
A) The LPN/LVN is able to administer oral medications.
B) The LPN/LVN is a first-line manager responsible to the RN.
C) The LPN/LVN formulates nursing diagnoses and care plans.
D) The LPN/LVN interprets and implements research findings.
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Page 17
Chapter 16: Cultural Uniqueness, Sensitivity, and Competence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Recently a community has experienced an influx of individuals from Afghanistan.What action should the nurse suggest to modify the agency environment to better accommodate these culturally diverse patients?
A) Provide handouts and patient teaching materials in appropriate languages.
B) Hold meetings in the community to explain the Afghan culture.
C) Provide reference guides about Far Eastern cultures to all nursing staff.
D) Utilize the cookbook method of learning to accommodate this immigrant group.
Q2) Which statement about culture will help the nurse implement culturally competent care?
A) Each culture measures other cultures using its own ways as the norm.
B) Culture is primarily based on genetic inheritance.
C) Stereotypes about cultures can be accepted as true.
D) Cultural diversity is based entirely on race.
Q3) A behavior to avoid when interacting with a person of a different culture is
A) diversity.
B) acculturation.
C) stereotyping.
D) behavior based on unbiased attitudes.
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Chapter 17: Spiritual Needs, Spiritual Caring, and Religious Differences
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse is caring for an Orthodox Jewish patient who has terminal cancer.The nurse demonstrates cultural sensitivity toward the patient by stating
A) "Would you like me to assist you in praying to Jesus?"
B) "I'm sure you will go to heaven. You're a good person."
C) "Would you like me to ask your rabbi to come to visit you?"
D) "Would you like me to bring you a copy of the New Testament?"
Q2) A religion that was founded by Joseph Smith in the nineteenth century is
A) Mormonism.
B) Catholicism.
C) Lutheranism.
D) Mennonite.
Q3) A patient who is terminally ill describes himself as "agnostic." The nurse caring for this person can correctly assume that the patient
A) does not possess spirituality.
B) will not experience spiritual distress.
C) will practice the rituals of a particular denomination.
D) will benefit from general spiritual care interventions.
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Page 19
Chapter 18: Health Care Settings: Potential Job Sites
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following are types of health care agencies in which the LPN/LVN would most likely find work?
A) Board and care home
B) Emergency unit facility
C) Skilled nursing facility
D) Adult day care center
E) Hospice
Q2) A patient who had a cerebrovascular accident needs nursing care,physical therapy,and speech therapy.The patient's spouse would like to provide care at home but needs assistance.During the planning conference,the nurse should suggest that the agency that could best meet the patient's needs is
A) a home health agency.
B) the American Red Cross.
C) the American Heart Association.
D) a local wellness center.
Q3) Accountability of private health care agencies is assumed by the A) taxpayer.
B) government.
C) owners of the agency.
D) board of directors of the agency.
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Chapter 19: Health Care System: Financing, Issues, and Trends
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Sample Questions
Q1) The LPN/LVN charge nurse has been designated to participate in the orientation of a new LPN/LVN by explaining cost-containment measures.Measures the charge nurse should mention include which of the following?
A) Charge patients for all supplies used in their care.
B) Document patient care according to the policy for reimbursement.
C) Use time management principles to work efficiently.
D) Use supplies carefully to avoid waste.
E) Implement measures to prevent complications.
F) Advise insured patients to select higher tiers whenever possible.
Q2) A student nurse asked to identify the types of services currently provided in the U.S.health care delivery system should mention which of the following?
A) Restructuring
B) Health promotion
C) Diagnosis and treatment
D) Illness prevention
E) Seamless systems
F) Alliances and networks
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21
Chapter 20: Leadership Skills
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Sample Questions
Q1) The LPN/LVN nursing home charge nurse encourages nursing assistants to make suggestions regarding improvement of nursing care and shows concern for the staff.This leadership style is called
A) laissez-faire.
B) democratic.
C) autocratic.
D) situational.
Q2) To discover the expanded role of the practical nurse,the LPN/LVN should investigate A) the state's Nurse Practice Act.
B) job descriptions for the practical nurse in local health care agencies.
C) information gained from practical nurses working in various clinical settings.
D) the opinions of physicians who service area nursing homes and extended care facilities.
Q3) Which quality is rarely found in democratic leaders?
A) Assertiveness
B) Arrogance
C) Desire for new learning
D) Effective communication
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22
Chapter 21: LPN/LVN Charge Nurse Skills: Management, Including
Assignment and Delegation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Assuming all the following are staff members on the unit,to whom should the LPN/LVN charge nurse assign a newly admitted 65-year-old resident with left hemiplegia and a large sacral decubitus requiring a sterile dressing change?
A) LPN/LVN orientee with 1 week of experience
B) LPN/LVN with 2 years of experience
C) Nursing assistant with 3 years of experience
D) Nursing assistant who is a nursing student at a local college
Q2) Examples of tasks the LPN/LVN charge nurse of the extended care unit might assign to a nursing assistant (NA)include which of the following?
A) Bathing a resident who is in stable condition
B) Administering a nasogastric tube feeding
C) Assisting a resident with Parkinson disease to ambulate
D) Transferring a resident from bed to chair with the assistance of another NA
Q3) The most fundamental requirement for assuming the practice role of LPN/LVN charge nurse is
A) licensure in the state of practice.
B) experience with resident assignment.
C) the ability to coordinate patient care services.
D) a knowledge of the principles of delegation.
Page 23
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Chapter
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Sample Questions
Q1) During an employment interview,the interviewee is asked,"What do you believe are your greatest weaknesses?" The best reply would be
A) "I'm not aware of any weaknesses."
B) "My instructors told me I was disorganized."
C) "My biggest problem is lack of clinical experience."
D) "I work hard to do my job and meet expectations for my work."
Q2) Which statement indicates that a nurse is knowledgeable about good résumé preparation?
A) "My résumé is comprised of nearly three and a half pages."
B) "It was difficult to write a good objective statement, but I finally managed."
C) "I used a bulleted style to call attention to my list of job skills."
D) "To make sure my résumé catches the eye, I used bright pink paper."
Q3) Which statement is true with regard to making a follow-up call after submitting a résumé and cover letter for a position?
A) Do not call; the employer will call the applicant if interested.
B) Call on the date and at the time mentioned in the cover letter.
C) Call on a Monday before 8 AM if possible.
D) Call on a Friday between 2 PM and 4 PM if possible.
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Chapter 23: The NCLEX-PN Examination
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Q1) Which statement best explains the purpose of the NCLEX-PN examination?
A) It is a comprehensive test developed by the NLN and administered at the end of the nursing program by an instructor.
B) It is an examination that measures the minimum competencies needed to practice practical/vocational nursing.
C) It is an LPN/LVN test that allows one to enter an ADN program after passing the examination.
D) It is a comprehensive examination that permits one to function as an LPN/LVN or RN, depending upon the score attained.
Q2) The SP/VN reviewing for the NCLEX-PN examination should study based on an understanding that the category of patient need that is most heavily tested is
A) the clinical problem-solving process.
B) safe, effective care environment.
C) health promotion and maintenance.
D) physiological integrity.
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Chapter 24: Future Career Decisions: Choosing What Is
Right for You
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Sample Questions
Q1) What situation is responsible for certain practical/vocational nurse graduates being unprepared to work in a behavioral/mental health clinical setting?
A) Historically, only RNs have been permitted to work with the mentally ill.
B) Some practical/vocational nursing programs do not include a specific mental health nursing component.
C) Practical/vocational nursing students are too fearful of mentally ill patients to learn enough during their programs.
D) Because the number of mentally ill people in the United States is declining, little emphasis needs to be placed on that portion of the educational program.
Q2) The National League for Nursing (NLN)membership is open
A) only to registered nurses.
B) only to licensed practical nurses.
C) only to advanced practice nurses.
D) to anyone interested in nursing issues.
Q3) The area of nursing in which churches employ their own nurse to take care of basic health needs of the congregation is called __________________ nursing.
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