Politics of Developing Nations
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Course Introduction
This course examines the political dynamics, institutions, and challenges faced by developing nations across Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East. Students will explore key themes such as state formation, colonial legacies, governance, democratization, economic development, conflict, and globalization. The course analyzes how internal and external factors shape political systems and policies, and evaluates the impact of international organizations, foreign aid, and social movements on development outcomes. By engaging with comparative case studies and theoretical frameworks, students will gain a comprehensive understanding of the complexities and diversity characterizing the politics of the developing world.
Recommended Textbook Essentials of Comparative Politics 4th Edition by Patrick H. ONeil
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11 Chapters
390 Verified Questions
390 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Introduction
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Sample Questions
Q1) Politics is defined in our text as the:
A)ability to impose your values on others.
B)struggle in any group for the power to make decisions for the larger group.
C)battle over economic resources and their use.
D)result of conflict between cultures.
E)relationship between international actors.
Answer: B
Q2) The earliest political thinker who practiced a form of comparative analysis was: A)Plato.
B)Machiavelli.
C)Thucydides.
D)Aristotle.
E)Marx.
Answer: D
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Chapter 2: States
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Q1) States have been the dominant form of political organization for how long?
A)The past five decades.
B)The past few centuries.
C)The past 2,000 years.
D)Since human beings first organized.
E)Since the end of the Cold War.
Answer: B
Q2) Modern states are built primarily on what form of legitimacy?
A)Traditional.
B)Charismatic.
C)Technocratic.
D)Rational-legal.
E)Revolutionary.
Answer: D
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Chapter 3: Nations and Society
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Q1) Chinese radicals, in their political values and goals, would have much in common with American:
A)radicals.
B)conservatives.
C)reactionaries.
D)liberals.
E)Marxists.
Answer: B
Q2) What is the distinction between ethnicity and society?
A)They mean the same thing.
B)A single society can be made up of several ethnicities.
C)A society cannot exist unless it has one ethnic identity.
D)Ethnicity refers to religion, whereas society refers to politics.
E)Ethnicity refers to politics, whereas society refers to religion.
Answer: B
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Chapter 4: Political Economy
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Q1) Restrictions that make it difficult to sell foreign goods in local markets are examples of:
A)tariffs.
B)quotas.
C)nontariff regulatory barriers.
D)regulatory fees.
E)free-trade zones.
Q2) Social democracy can be defined as a system that:
A)attempts to balance freedom and equality.
B)favors equality over freedom.
C)favors freedom over equality.
D)opposes both freedom and equality.
E)favors environmental concerns over freedom and equality.
Q3) In the United States, the government cannot take a citizen's property without just compensation.This is an example of:
A)democracy.
B)capitalism.
C)a property right.
D)a weak state.
E)social democracy.
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Chapter 5: Democratic Regimes
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Q1) Which of the following best describes the relationship between the executive and the electoral system used to elect the legislature?
A)Countries that use a single-member district (SMD) have presidential executives, while those with prime ministers rely on proportional representation (PR).
B)Countries that use SMD have prime ministers, while presidential systems rely on PR.
C)Semi-presidential systems rely on mixed SMD and PR.
D)There is no connection between executives and the kind of electoral system used to elect parliament.
E)Semi-presidential systems use PR to elect both the president and the legislature.
Q2) Who should be allowed to vote? What should be the voting restrictions on such things as age and citizenship? Should voting be compulsory? Why or why not?
Q3) Should democracies rely more on initiatives or referenda to decide policy, or are forms of indirect democracy better? Why or why not?
Q4) Which is a better or more democratic form of leadership-presidents or prime ministers? Why?
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Chapter 6: Nondemocratic Regimes
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Q1) Which of the following is commonly cited as an example of an illiberal regime?
A)Cuba.
B)Colombia.
C)Chile.
D)Brazil.
E)North Korea.
Q2) Which of the following best describes the record of economic growth under military rule?
A)In almost every case of military rule, economic growth has been negative.
B)In some cases of military rule, economic growth has been high, but in many more cases it has led to instability and poor development.
C)Some cases of military rule have led to instability and violence, but in many more cases they have led to high economic growth.
D)Military rule produced high levels of economic growth in Latin America but not in Asia.
E)In almost every case, military rule has emphasized agriculture over industrialization.
Q3) Is authoritarianism a more "efficient" means of rule than democracy? Why or why not?
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Chapter 7: Political Violence
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Q1) What is the relationship between religion and political violence?
A)It can only be found in monotheistic religions that believe in "one true God."
B)Fundamentalism inevitably leads to political violence.
C)Religious violence and political violence are separate issues.
D)Religion and politics can lead to violence when they clash over modernity.
E)Politics forces religion to become violent.
Q2) A political organization that uses violence largely against the state is best defined as a:
A)criminal organization.
B)terrorist organization.
C)guerrilla organization.
D)group of freedom fighters or revolutionaries.
E)group of reactionaries.
Q3) What is the difference between a revolution and a coup d'état?
A)The role of violence.
B)The role of the public.
C)The speed of change.
D)The likelihood of a successful regime change.
E)The ideology involved in the action.
Q4) In your opinion, what are the most effective ways to limit political violence?
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Advanced Democracies
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Q1) Many now speak of the European Union as a body that has become:
A)quasinational.
B)antinational.
C)supranational.
D)subnational.
E)imperial.
Q2) A recent setback for European Union integration was:
A)difficulties with the euro.
B)its public's rejection of membership for Poland and the Baltic states.
C)its brief war with Serbia.
D)its public's rejection of a unified military.
E)the exit of Iceland and Greece.
Q3) Is devolution a good thing? Should more power be sent down from state to local authorities? What might be the benefits or dangers of such a policy?
Q4) Integration within the European Union has been:
A)a result of a series of agreements negotiated over several decades.
B)the result of a "constitution moment" when power was transferred in the 1950s.
C)weakening until its eventual dissolution.
D)largely unchanged since the 1960s.
E)opposed by most of its members.
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Chapter 9: Communism and Postcommunism
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Questions
Q1) Why was communism unable to provide the benefits that it promised in theory? Are there inherent flaws in this line of thinking, or did those in power misapply its principles?
Q2) Communist political-economic systems relied on a system known as:
A)decentralized planning.
B)central planning.
C)economic voluntarism.
D)spontaneous production.
E)anarchism.
Q3) Central planning was weakened by:
A)its emphasis on consumer goods over infrastructure.
B)its inability to create incentives and competition.
C)its overreliance on market forces to determine prices.
D)its overreliance on international trade.
E)the lack of computers to crunch data.
Q4) Given all the changes that Communist countries have undergone, how would one measure their progress toward democracy and capitalism?
Q5) Is communism dead? If so, could it be resurrected as a political force?
Q6) Could communism have been reformed and preserved in the Soviet Union? Why or why not?
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Less-Developed and Newly Industrializing Countries
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Q1) One of the problems with external attempts to reform less-developed states has been:
A)the requirement to disband their armed forces.
B)a failure to think about the role of political institutions.
C)an overemphasis on cultural differences.
D)the use of loans with high interest rates.
E)soil erosion.
Q2) Which of the following best describes social identities in places under imperial control?
A)Strong ethnic identities existed before imperialism but were suppressed.
B)Strong national identities existed before imperialism but were suppressed.
C)Neither strong national nor ethnic identities existed before imperialism.
D)Both strong national and ethnic identities existed long before and survived imperialism.
E)All communities converted to Christianity.
Q3) Why have less-developed countries had such difficulty in building effective states? Why have newly industrializing countries been more successful in this regard?
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Globalization and the Future of Comparative
Politics
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Q1) Greenpeace would be a good example of a(n):
A)multinational corporation.
B)nongovernmental organization.
C)intergovernmental organization.
D)global regime.
E)global civic state.
Q2) Liberals view globalization as a:
A)threat to free trade.
B)mechanism for future prosperity.
C)process that will inevitably be halted by democracy.
D)source of war.
E)temporary phase of political change.
Q3) Is globalization primarily a beneficial or detrimental development?
Q4) Studies of younger people indicate that they may view themselves as:
A)world citizens and citizens of their nations.
B)citizens of their nations and neighborhoods.
C)virtual citizens.
D)opposed to politics and democracy.
E)primarily attached to social media over other identities.
Q5) Can globalization benefit everyone or just some?
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