Political Science 101
Mock Exam
Course Introduction
Political Science 101 introduces students to the fundamental concepts, theories, and institutions that shape political systems and government structures around the world. The course explores key topics such as the nature of power and authority, the functions of political parties, the processes of policy-making, and the roles of citizens in democracies and other forms of governance. Through the study of comparative politics, international relations, and political philosophy, students gain a deeper understanding of how political dynamics influence societal issues, public administration, and global affairs, laying the foundation for more advanced studies in political science.
Recommended Textbook
We the People 10th Edition by Benjamin Ginsberg
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Page 2
Chapter 1: American Political Culture
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Q1) Affirmative action is controversial because
A) Americans argue about whether it promotes or restrains equality.
B) the unemployment rate for Caucasian males has tripled since the 1970s.
C) some argue that it limits political equality in order to promote cost effectiveness.
D) it is a legacy of the Jim Crow era.
E) some argue that it undermines popular sovereignty.
Answer: A
Q2) Prior to the eighteenth century,
A) governments were primarily democratic.
B) totalitarian rule was common.
C) governments rarely sought the support of their people.
D) most governments were based on respect for the rule of law.
E) autocracies were extremely rare.
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: The Founding and the Constitution
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Q1) The 1787 convention to draft a new constitution was held in ________.
A) Boston
B) New York City
C) Philadelphia
D) Washington, DC
E) Richmond, VA
Answer: C
Q2) Which of the following was designed by the framers to be an office directly elected by the people?
A) a member of the U.S. House of Representatives
B) a U.S. senator
C) a U.S. president
D) a federal court judge
E) a U.S. vice president
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: Federalism
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Q1) The Constitution stipulates which of the following about relationships between states?
A) No state may ever enter into a contract or agreement with another state.
B) No state shall enter into a contract or agreement with another state without the approval of Congress.
C) States may have treaties with either states or Indian reservations with the approval of Congress.
D) The Senate controls all interstate relationships.
E) No state shall enter into a contract or agreement with another state without the approval of the president.
Answer: B
Q2) A definitive role for the states in the American federal republic was preserved by the ________ Amendment.
A) First
B) Fifth
C) Ninth
D) Tenth
E) Sixteenth
Answer: D
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Civil Liberties
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Q1) Which of the following is true about high school students in public schools?
A) High school students have the same free speech rights as adults.
B) The justices have always provided a broad protection of free speech rights for high school students.
C) both a and b
D) High school students have conditionally protected speech.
E) High school students have no free speech rights whatsoever.
Q2) The Religious Freedom Restoration Act, passed by Congress in 1993, was an attempt to
A) recognize Judeo-Christianity as the unofficial religion of the United States.
B) give more protection to religious freedoms than the Supreme Court allowed.
C) establish a federal school voucher program.
D) permit prayer in public schools.
E) limit the kinds of religious ceremonies that nonmainstream religious organizations conducted at their services.
Q3) What is the right to privacy? How and under what circumstances have the Supreme Court justices articulated this right? Describe some of the forms that the right to privacy has taken.
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Chapter 5: Civil Rights
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Q1) ________ civil rights acts were passed during the first decade after the 1954 Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education.
A) No
B) Three
C) Ten
D) Twenty
E) Thirty-two
Q2) What does the term Jim Crow mean?
A) northern whites who sympathized with African Americans
B) the civil rights movement of the mid-twentieth century
C) the system of racial segregation in the South after Reconstruction
D) African American politicians during Reconstruction
E) white politicians from northern states who moved to the South during the Reconstruction era
Q3) The NAACP had the most success with ________ for combating racism.
A) mass marches and protests
B) civil disobedience
C) lawsuits
D) passive resistance
E) radio and television advertising
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Chapter 6: Public Opinion
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Q1) Some contend that while Americans may be divided by ideology or opinion, they are united by fundamental political values. Describe these core values. How do they serve to unite American public opinion?
Q2) Which of the following statements about political opinions is FALSE?
A) Race, income, and education cause important differences in opinion.
B) The poor are generally more supportive of economic and social programs than the wealthy.
C) The poor are generally less supportive of economic and social programs than the wealthy.
D) Whites and blacks have differing views on racism.
E) Women are more opposed to military intervention than men.
Q3) What did the framers identify as the greatest source of political conflict for the United States?
A) racial inequalities
B) geographic differences
C) differences between the rich and poor
D) conflicts between central and local governments
E) conflicts between members of different racial groups
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8
Chapter 7: The Media
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Q1) Which of the following is NOT a reason that Americans prefer online news?
A) the convenience of getting the news online
B) the up-to-the-moment currency of the information available online
C) the depth of the information available online
D) the diversity of online viewpoints
E) the accuracy and objectivity of the information found online
Q2) Despite its widespread availability, ________ typically provide(s) the least depth of news coverage.
A) radio
B) television
C) the Internet
D) newspapers
E) magazines
Q3) Describe some ways in which journalists can influence governments and political actors. What types of influence do journalists have on the substance and style of politics? Provide examples.
Q4) Describe the different types of news sources. What are some of the distinct characteristics of each medium? How do the sources differ from each other in terms of how they disseminate news as well as the audiences they reach?
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Chapter 8: Political Participation and Voting
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Questions
Q1) What are some of the ways in which Americans have been mobilized into political participation? What are some of the groups that have been mobilizing? What are some of the conditions under which citizens are more likely to participate in political life?
Q2) Which of the following is NOT a key factor affecting one's level of participation?
A) age
B) income
C) geographic region
D) education
E) occupation
Q3) ________ conducts its elections entirely by mail.
A) New Mexico
B) Oklahoma
C) Oregon
D) Louisiana
E) Michigan
Q4) Describe the influence of race, ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic status in political participation. How do these differences affect the character and level of political participation?
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Political Parties
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Q1) The two major parties in the United States during the 1830s and 1840s were the ________ and the ________.
A) Federalists; Jeffersonians
B) Federalists; Whigs
C) Democrats; Whigs
D) Democrats; Republicans
E) Federalists; Democrats
Q2) ________ warned Americans against the dangers of political parties in his farewell address.
A) George Washington
B) John Adams
C) Thomas Jefferson
D) James Madison
E) James Monroe
Q3) What issue led to the demise of the Whig Party?
A) slavery
B) economic regulations and tariffs
C) the admission of California into the Union
D) the death of Andrew Jackson
E) industrialization
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Chapter 10: Campaigns and Elections
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Q1) Which of the following statements is true?
A) Federal law since 2002 requires that all states use the same type of voting equipment.
B) The Supreme Court justices have mandated that all voting machines provide a paper ballot.
C) Voting equipment varies from county to county throughout the United States.
D) Since 2000, all voting equipment has been required to use a butterfly ballot.
E) The Supreme Court has ruled that elections using electronic voting machines are unconstitutional.
Q2) Which of the following statements is FALSE?
A) Most voters in America use paper ballots.
B) The butterfly ballot caused some people to vote for candidates that they did not support in 2000.
C) Some of the electoral devices that are used in the United States are prone to error.
D) Legislative districts in the United States must conform to the principle of "one person, one vote."
E) none of the above
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Chapter 11: Groups and Interests
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Q1) The free-rider phenomenon
A) becomes increasingly problematic in very large groups.
B) becomes increasingly problematic in very small groups.
C) is not affected in any way by the size of the group in question.
D) is not related to groups in any way because it is an individual-level problem.
E) makes collective action considerably easier.
Q2) In the lobbying world, to be "Microsofted" means that a company has
A) become vulnerable to adverse legislation and investigation as a result of failing to lobby the federal government.
B) only lobbied members of one political party, who have just lost their majority. C) lobbied only the federal government, opening itself up to adverse actions by state governments.
D) allowed other companies to become free-riders on its costly lobbying efforts.
E) been legally prohibited from lobbying members of Congress as a result of its overuse of political action committees.
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13
Chapter 12: Congress
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Q1) One reason why redistricting is controversial is that
A) computer technologies allow legislatures to know statistically what kinds of people live where, and this can be used to give one party an advantage over the other.
B) it is unclear whether state legislatures or the federal government have/has the authority to redraw districts.
C) incumbents never lose when districts are redrawn.
D) it is unclear whether districts have to be drawn in such a way that each district includes roughly the same number of people.
E) interest groups and PACs exert a great deal of influence over the specific shape of each district.
Q2) Which of the following is NOT a service often provided by representatives to their constituents?
A) attempting to influence the decision of a regulatory commission on behalf of a constituent
B) presenting a special bill for constituents
C) offering constituents legal advice regarding new administrative laws
D) writing and mailing out newsletters
E) talking to constituents
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14
Chapter 13: The Presidency
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Q1) When members of Congress delegate power to the executive branch, it
A) substantially reduces the power of the federal government compared to state governments.
B) has no impact on the importance of the presidency at all.
C) violates the Constitution by violating the separation of powers.
D) substantially reduces the importance of the presidency.
E) substantially enhances the importance of the presidency.
Q2) Presidential spouses are an important resource for the president in order to carry out the duty of ________.
A) head of government
B) head of state
C) commander in chief
D) legislative initiator
E) chief diplomat
Q3) Describe the different constitutional powers of the president. What are some of the president's most important powers? What are some of the checks placed upon the president's powers? What was the framers' vision of the office of president?
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Chapter 14: Bureaucracy in a Democracy
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Q1) Civil servants were given legal protection against being fired without a show of cause in order to
A) meet the Constitution's strict requirements for the treatment of public employees.
B) force the bureaucracy to respond more to political pressures from parties, interest groups, and elected officials.
C) cleanse bureaucracy of political interference while upgrading performance.
D) end the abuses of the merit system.
E) enhance the public's trust in bureaucracy.
Q2) One drawback of devolution is that
A) the standards associated with particular programs become increasingly rigid and hard to enforce.
B) the standards associated with particular programs become increasingly variable between states.
C) Congress is removed completely from the United States' foreign policy process.
D) programs become much more difficult to budget.
E) states have a much harder time implementing programs than the federal government does.
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Chapter 15: The Federal Courts
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Q1) The Supreme Court's power to review acts of Congress has not been seriously questioned because
A) the Court only overturns laws that are unpopular with a majority of voters.
B) Congress granted the power of judicial review to the Court in the Federal Judicial Review Act of 1798.
C) Congress and the president always agree with the decisions made by the Court.
D) the Constitution explicitly grants this power to the Court in the judicial review clause of Article III.
E) the Court has been reluctant to strike down congressional laws and has overturned only a small number over the last 200 years.
Q2) When a private individual brings a suit against a company for breaking a contract, this is an example of ________ law.
A) criminal
B) civil
C) public
D) constitutional
E) common
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Page 17
Chapter 16: Government and the Economy
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Q1) Which of the following statements is true?
A) The people do not support cutting specific government programs.
B) The people believe that government is too wasteful.
C) Republicans supported adding a prescription drug benefit to Medicare in 2003.
D) Neither Republicans nor Democrats wish to cut expensive, popular entitlement programs.
E) all of the above
Q2) Something that must be supplied by the government because it cannot be provided by the marketplace is called ________.
A) a public good
B) a commodity
C) a governmental appropriation
D) pork
E) the public option
Q3) During the 1960s, Ralph Nader was influential as a(n) ________.
A) environmental activist
B) consumer advocate
C) presidential candidate
D) corporate spokesman
E) member of Congress
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Chapter 17: Social Policy
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Q1) Charter schools are best described as
A) the first schools built in any local district.
B) schools that a district uses as the median by which to judge test scores.
C) private schools that are funded with tax vouchers.
D) public schools that are free to design special curricula.
E) private schools run by large corporations.
Q2) The "individual mandate" of the Affordable Care Act refers to
A) the requirement that Medicare cover all individuals living in the United States by 2014.
B) a tax credit that is given to all people who are unemployed and do not have health insurance coverage.
C) the requirement that uninsured individuals purchase health insurance.
D) the requirement that health insurance companies accept all applicants, regardless of preexisting conditions.
E) a system of health care where the government owns and operates all medical facilities.
Q3) What are some different types of social policies? Describe the differences between contributory and noncontributory programs and provide examples of both. What are some current concerns regarding social policy spending?
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Chapter 18: Foreign Policy and Democracy
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Q1) An agreement between the president and another country that has the force of a treaty but does not require the Senate's "advice and consent" is called an ________.
A) executive memorandum
B) executive agreement
C) international protocol
D) international accord
E) executive order
Q2) The UN Security Council has ________ permanent members and ________ elected members.
A) 5; 5
B) 10; 10
C) 5; 10
D) 10; 25
E) 10; 5
Q3) Who and what are some of the most important actors in American foreign policy? What is the difference between a maker and a shaper of policy? How does the Constitution distribute the responsibility for formulating foreign policy? How do interest groups influence foreign policy?
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