Policing and Psychology
Exam Materials
Course Introduction
This course examines the intersection of policing and psychology, exploring how psychological theories, principles, and methods apply to law enforcement practices. Topics include the psychological assessment and selection of police officers, stress and coping mechanisms within the profession, decision-making under pressure, and the impact of police work on mental health. The course also covers the role of psychology in criminal profiling, crisis negotiation, interrogation techniques, and community relations. Through case studies and applied research, students gain insight into how psychological factors influence police behavior, public perceptions of law enforcement, and the effectiveness of policing strategies.
Recommended Textbook
Psychology of Criminal Behaviour A Canadian Perspective 2nd Edition by Shelley Brown
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14 Chapters
529 Verified Questions
529 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/311
Page 2
Chapter 1: Crime in Canada Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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47 Verified Questions
47 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/5127
Sample Questions
Q1) James has a history of anti-social behavior,his parents notice that he is restlessly aggressive,he maintains ideas that rationalize crime,and he has many close associations with other criminals.According to correlates of crime which risk factors does James have?
A)minor risk factors
B)the "Big Four" risk factors
C)social class risk factors
D)no real risk factors
Answer: B
Q2) Definitions of crime may include legal,moral,social,or psychological explanations of criminal behaviour.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Variations in criminal conduct between individuals are called inter-group differences.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Biological and Evolutionary Explanations
Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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37 Verified Questions
37 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/5128
Sample Questions
Q1) The "gene-crime" link is a direct conduit and not influenced by mediating effects such as low intelligence and impulsivity.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Biology can predispose an individual to future antisocial behaviour.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) One of the reasons why researchers think there is a link between serotonin and antisocial behaviour is that:
A)low levels of serotonin makes it difficult for people to learn from punishment
B)low levels of serotonin are associated with high levels of impulsivity
C)those with antisocial personality disorder tend to have low serotonin levels
D)committing crimes has a direct effect on neurotransmitter levels
Answer: B
Q4) Evolutionary theories are considered to be proximate explanations of crime.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 3: Learning and Environment Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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42 Verified Questions
42 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/5129
Sample Questions
Q1) The ego attempts to mediate between one's primal needs and society's demands.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) In Hirschi's social control theory,the explanation that one does not commit crime because one doesn't want to jeopardize valued relationships is called the "attachment bond".
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Sutherland's differential association theory postulates that four factors of association strongly impact the likelihood of being involved in antisocial behaviour.The four factors are:
A)frequency,duration,previous violations,and age of subject
B)frequency,attitude,timing and intensity of contact
C)frequency,duration,priority and intensity of contact
D)age of subject,age of contact,status of group members,duration of contact
Answer: C
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Chapter 4: Canadian Corrections in Practice Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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36 Verified Questions
36 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/5130
Sample Questions
Q1) All correctional systems screen for suicide risk at intake,given that it is a time of increased risk.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The three main factors considered for custody placement on the Custody Rating Scale are:
A)suicide risk,escape risk,and age of offender
B)institutional adjustment,escape risk,and public safety rating
C)institutional adjustment,escape risk,and sex of offender
D)public safety rating,escape risk,and age of offender
Q3) Social and political confidence in offender rehabilitation in Canada is very high.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Describe the Conceptual Model of Offender Transition.
Q5) Describe the four generations of risk assessments as proposed by Bonta (1996).
Q6) The link between punishment and deterrence of crime is strong.
A)True
B)False
Q7) Outline the five types of restorative justice approaches..
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Chapter 5: Adolescent Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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43 Verified Questions
43 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/5131
Sample Questions
Q1) Explain why the strongest predictor of adolescent offending is the presence of aggressive behaviour before the age of 13.
Q2) When considering antisocial behaviour and criminological risk factors the general finding is that:
A)one risk factor alone can be sufficient to lead to offending
B)the presence of several criminological risk factors increases a youth's likelihood of offending
C)the presence of numerous risk factors guarantee a youth will become a adolescent offender
D)risk factors rarely have interactive effects
Q3) Part of the intent of the Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA) is to treat antisocial youth as any adult offender would be treated.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Reactive aggression is defined as:
A)emotionally aggressive response to a perceived threat or frustration
B)aggression directed at achieving a goal or receiving positive reinforcers
C)planned aggression
D)distorted aggression
7
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Chapter 6: Economically Motivated Offenders Psychology of
Criminal Behaviour
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38 Verified Questions
38 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/5132
Sample Questions
Q1) The main difference between identity theft and identity fraud is:
A)theft is the physical act of stealing identify documents,while fraud is intent to steal identify documents
B)theft is possession of identity documents with intent to use them deceptively,while fraud is actual deceptive use of identity documents
C)theft can be committed with your own identity documents,but fraud cannot be committed with your own identity documents
D)theft is a criminal offence and fraud is a civil offence
Q2) The fraud triangle,a theory used to explain criminal fraud,is comprised of which three facets?
A)Tools to commit fraud,antisocial associates who commit fraud,and cost-benefit analysis of fraud
B)Opportunity to commit fraud,pressure to commit fraud,and rationalization of the fraud
C)Opportunity to commit fraud,motivation for fraud,and the act of committing fraud
D)Actions prior to,during,and after committing fraud
Q3) Discuss the role of street gangs in organized crime.
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Chapter 7: Substance Abusing Offenders Psychology of
Criminal Behaviour
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33 Verified Questions
33 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/5133
Sample Questions
Q1) In Canada,rates of recreational marijuana use are estimated to be ______ for all adults and _____ for young adults.
A)70-75%; 5-10%
B)5-10%; 30-35%
C)20-30%; 10-15%
D)10-15%; 20-30%
Q2) Success rates for the National Substance Abuse Program (NSAP) show:
A)all versions of the NSAP are successful at decreasing serious institutional misconducts and recidivism
B)only the high-intensity NSAP is successful at decreasing serious institutional misconducts and recidivism
C)recidivism rates actually increase if the offender completes only 50 percent of the program
D)100% of offenders complete the program,but it does not have an effect on either institutional misconduct or recidivism
Q3) Mitchell,Wilson,and Mackenzie (2006) conducted a meta-analysis of research on corrections-based substance abuse programming.Explain their methodology and findings.
Q4) Describe the Disease Model of addiction to substances.
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Violent Offending Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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36 Verified Questions
36 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Violence that is premeditated and aimed at achieving some secondary goal is the definition of:
A)instrumental violence
B)hostile violence
C)secondary violence
D)purposeful violence
Q2) Outline how the Social Learning theory and General Aggression Model (GAM) differ in explaining the development of violence and aggression.
Q3) All violence risk assessments are roughly equal in how accurately they predict violence recidivism.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Outline the four types of homicide identified in the Canadian Criminal Code.
Q5) Identify and briefly describe the three violence risk assessment tools outlined in the text.
Q6) Discuss the challenges to concluding,based on current research,that treatments for violent offenders are successful at decreasing recidivism.
Q7) Describe the offence characteristics of violence in Canada.
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Chapter 9: Intimate Partner Violence Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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40 Verified Questions
40 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/5135
Sample Questions
Q1) In 2013,one of the main research findings from the World Health Organization (WHO) in their review of 79 countries was that:
A)East Asia has the highest rate of violence in intimate relationships
B)intimate partner violence has become less of a societal concern over time
C)the global lifetime prevalence of violence in intimate relationships is 30%
D)males are more likely to be killed by their intimate partners than females
Q2) The Duluth Model of treatment for men who engage in intimate violence has great success in reducing or eliminating violence among perpetrators.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The World Health Organization (2013) has concluded that intimate partner violence is linked to physical,sexual,reproductive,mental health disorders in victims and their children.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Describe two risk assessment tools that are used to estimate intimate partner violence recidivism.
Q5) What factors does the textbook say keep women in abusive relationships?
Q6) Describe the ecological model of family violence.
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Chapter 10: Mentally Disordered Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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37 Verified Questions
37 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/5136
Sample Questions
Q1) Explain the DSM and its usage.
Q2) The general conclusion about treatment for offenders with mental illnesses is that they should:
A)not be treated because offender treatment does not work
B)receive correctional treatment only
C)receive psychiatric treatment only
D)receive both correctional and psychiatric treatment
Q3) Why are the police often referred to as "street corner psychiatrists"?
A)Police officers to speak to the public about how they are feeling about crime in their neighbourhoods as part of their job
B)Police can develop mental health issues on the job and often look to their colleagues for assistance on how to cope
C)Police officers are becoming the frontline contact for many mentally-ill victims and perpetrators of crime
D)Police training is now comprised of equal parts law enforcement training and clinical counselling training
Q4) From the textbook,describe the situations that highlight why the criminal justice system "cares" about the issue of mental disorder:
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Psychopathic Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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34 Verified Questions
34 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/5137
Sample Questions
Q1) How has the concept of psychopathy evolved over time?
Q2) Which of the following statements accurately reflects the cognitive model of psychopathy?
A)Once psychopaths focus their attention,they fail to use information to modify their response or learn to inhibit behaviour
B)Psychopathy results from the failure of parents to instill negative emotions in children when they misbehave
C)Psychopaths are unable to plan ahead and this puts them at a disadvantage,causing them to seek out impulsive and criminal solutions to their problems
D)When people have particular genetic defects or neurological impairments,it prevents them from being able to acquire prosocial behaviours
Q3) There is a higher prevalence of psychopathy in male offenders than in female offenders.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Describe the recommended characteristics of treatment of adult psychopaths based on the findings of research on treatment of psychopathy.
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Chapter 12: Sexual Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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35 Verified Questions
35 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/5138
Sample Questions
Q1) Describe how the criminal justice system attempts to manage and treat the risk of sexual offenders.
Q2) Research on cognitive distortions in sexual offenders has concluded that they:
A)are more likely than non-sexual offenders to hold rape myths,and that changes in these beliefs result in changes in recidivism
B)are more likely than non-sexual offenders to hold rape myths,but that changes in these beliefs are not related to changes in recidivism
C)commit different types of sexual offences depending on the types of rape myths that they believe
D)commit various sexual offences regardless of the types of rape myths that they believe
Q3) Most research on sex offending has successfully establishing causal links between risk factors and sexual offending.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What is the association between childhood sexual abuse and sexual offending?
Q5) According to the DSM-5,what is pedophilia?
Page 14
Q6) How are sexually deviant interests measured?
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Chapter 13: Female Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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36 Verified Questions
36 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) You are responsible for designing a treatment program for youthful female offenders.Based on Dowden and Andrews (1999) study,you would be best to focus on A)no treatment at all B)empowerment training
C)programs based on the general responsivity principle
D)a program that does not adhere to any particular treatment principle
Q2) According to the Canadian data,males outnumber females in all forms of non-violent crime except:
A)prostitution
B)property crimes
C)theft
D)drug-related offenses
Q3) A main strength of the feminist pathways perspective is that it tends to be 'multi-dimensional',focusing multiple pathways to female criminal behaviour.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Describe the prevalence and nature of female perpetrated crime as revealed by official statistics and unofficial data.
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Chapter 14: Aboriginal Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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35 Verified Questions
35 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/5140
Sample Questions
Q1) Bill C-41,section 718.2(e),introduced by Parliament in 1996,has changed:
A)sentencing practices for Aboriginal offenders
B)policing policies for First Nations communities
C)the types of crimes that people of Aboriginal heritage can be charged with
D)the levels of secure custody that can be used with people of Aboriginal heritage
Q2) Describe the foundation,structure,and efficacy of the In Search of Your Warrior (ISOYW) program.
Q3) Research on the Custody Rating Scale conducted on Aboriginal offenders has revealed the following:
A)they are involved in more conflicts in prison than non-Aboriginal offenders
B)they receive fewer mental health services than non-Aboriginal offenders
C)females' risk of reoffending is lower on average than males'
D)their security classifications are often higher than their level of risk requires
Q4) Discuss the possible role of fetal alcohol syndrome in Aboriginal offending.
Q5) Discuss the success rates of Aboriginal-specific treatment programs.
Q6) Outline the four potential explanations of overrepresentation of Aboriginals in the Canadian justice system.
Page 16
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