Police Science
Textbook Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Police Science is an interdisciplinary field that explores the principles, methods, and practices of law enforcement within the context of modern society. This course covers foundational topics such as the history and evolution of policing, criminal law, crime prevention, investigation techniques, ethics, and community relations. Students will gain insight into the structure and functions of police organizations, the role of technology in modern policing, and contemporary issues such as police accountability and reforms. Through theoretical study and practical application, the course equips students with the critical thinking, problem-solving, and communication skills necessary for effective service in law enforcement and related professions.
Recommended Textbook
Criminal Investigation 11th Edition by Charles R Swanson
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Chapter 1: The Evolution of Criminal Investigation and Forensic Science
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Q1) Pinkerton's National Detective Agency's trademark was an open eye above the slogan "We are ever Vigilant."
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) The first foreigner trained in the use of the Henry classification system was New York City Detective ________ in 1904.
Answer: Joseph Faurot
Q3) _______________________ is considered most responsible for raising firearms identification to a science and for perfecting the bullet comparison microscope?
A) Paul Jeserich.
B) Henri Lacassagne.
C) Henry Balthazard.
D) Calvin Goddard.
Answer: D
Q4) The ________ Cases involved blood samples from about 5,500 men living in the area for DNA typing in an attempt to identify a rape suspect.
Answer: Enderby
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Legal Aspects of Investigation
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Q1) What is the Exclusionary Rule and how did it evolve?
Answer: Under early English common law,an illegal search and seizure that produced incriminating evidence was allowed,and the evidence obtained was admissible in court.Surprisingly,federal law enforcement officers in the United States were permitted to follow the same rule until 1914. In Weeks v.United States,the Court established what became known as the "Federal Exclusionary Rule." The Court ruled that any evidence unreasonably obtained by federal law enforcement officers could no longer be admissible in federal prosecutions. After the Weeks decision,very few states adopted their own exclusionary rule applicable within their own states.Following Dolree Mapp's conviction and the denial of her appeals in the state courts,her case was appealed to the United States Supreme Court.Mapp v.Ohio decided in 1961,established the rule that any evidence unreasonably searched and seized would no longer be admissible in any court-state or federal.The Exclusionary Rule was now applicable in all courts at all levels.
Q2) The Supreme Court held that law enforcement officers may enter a home without a warrant where there is an objectively reasonable basis to believe that an occupant is seriously injured or imminently threatened with serious injury.The case law is ________. Answer: Brigham City v.Stuart
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Investigators, the Investigative Process, and the Crime Scene
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Q1) A felony is an act usually punishable by incarceration for A) one or more years and/or a $500 fine.
B) six months and/or a $1,000 fine.
C) more than one year and/or death.
D) six months and/or a $500 fine.
Answer: C
Q2) Which search pattern has the searchers doubling back perpendicularly across the area being examined?
A) Spiral.
B) Strip/line.
C) Grid.
D) Zone/quadrant.
Answer: C
Q3) What are macroscopic and microscopic scenes?
Answer: The macroscopic scene is the "large view" of the crime scene,such as the victim's body,cars,and buildings.The microscopic scene is specific objects and pieces of evidence connected to the crime,such as knives,guns,hairs,fibers,and biological fluids.
Q4) Often ________ evidence is located using alternate light systems.
Answer: trace
Page 5
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Chapter 4: Physical Evidence
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Q1) It is possible to determine the direction from which a bullet penetrated glass: on the same side of the surface of initial impact,there will be a characteristic cone-shaped area.The larger area of the cone shape indicates the area from which the bullet was fired.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Collect soil samples from a depth that is consistent with the depth at which the questioned soil may have originated.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Laboratory examination may be able to determine which of the following for questioned documents?
A) Establish the source of the paper through watermarks.
B) Determine if the document is authentic or fake
C) Determine the age of the document
D) All of the above are possible determinations
Q4) You collect a shirt with wet bloodstains on it at the crime scene.What do you do with it?
Q5) How are unknown/questioned and known samples alike or different?
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Chapter 5: Interviewing and Interrogation
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Q1) Which of these behaviors are commonly observed when detecting deception?
A) Very animated hand gestures
B) Swearing to the truthfulness of their statements
C) Using the derogatory position
D) None of the above are commonly used
Q2) Despite the amount of reliance placed on information supplied by eyewitnesses,how reliable are they? Why?
Q3) It is important for interviewers/interrogators to provide a/an____________ for the witnesses and suspects that they are questioning.
A) Intimidating environment
B) Comfort zone
C) Stressful situation
D) None of the above
Q4) The best form of documenting an interview is
A) reliance on the investigator's memory.
B) reliance on notes taken by the investigator.
C) a handwritten and signed statement prepared by the witness.
D) electronic sound or sound and visual recordings.
Q5) What factors motivate witnesses to give or withhold information?
Q6) Define competency and how it could impact a witness's testimony.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Field Notes and Reporting
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Q1) Incident reports are a crucial source of investigative information and writing them are a popular "pastime" of the law enforcement community.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Supplemental,or follow-up,reports should be written no less frequently than every
Q3) Write ________ sentences and paragraphs because they are less likely to be confusing or misunderstood by the reader (such as the prosecutor).
Q4) Field notes are useful for all of the following reasons except A) they are more reliable than an officer's memory.
B) they are the secondary source for the incident report.
C) they may reduce the need to re-contact parties involved.
D) the can be used to defend the integrity of the incident report.
Q5) Write the report in ________,using "I arrived at the scene at 0821 hours".
Q6) After a uniformed supervisor accepts a report,there is a need for him/her to make a disposition of it.What are five dispositions which might be made?
Q7) Identify and briefly discuss four reasons why field notes are important.
Q8) Describe the significant role of field notes in a criminal investigation.
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Chapter 7: The Follow-Up Investigation and Investigative Resources
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Q1) __________ are areas where many incidents occur.
Q2) Identify three reasons why there must be periodic evaluations about whether to continue or terminate a surveillance operation?
Q3) Briefly discuss the steps in the intelligence/analytical cycle.
Q4) A supplemental report is filled out when patrolling officers identify persons or vehicles that are suspicious to them but are not connected with any particular offense.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Evidential intelligence,which is gathered and analyzed over time usually confirms new or newly discovered patterns of criminal activity.
A)True
B)False
Q6) _________________ provide information that is of investigative significance.They may expect to be paid or to receive consideration on charges pending against them.
Q7) State five ways that the Internet can be helpful to investigators.
Q8) Name seven things that should be in a surveillance kit.
Q9) Why should we check the booking reports of jailed suspects? Page 9
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Page 10
Chapter 8: The Crime Laboratory
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Q1) The FBI Crime Laboratory is one of the largest and most comprehensive forensic laboratories and is the only full-service forensic laboratory.When was it established?
A) 1873.
B) 1932.
C) 1979.
D) 2002.
Q2) The ________ Crime Laboratory is one of the largest and most comprehensive forensic laboratories and is the only full service forensic laboratory.
Q3) DNA evidence can
A) identify criminals with amazing accuracy when biological evidence exists.
B) be used to clear suspects.
C) exonerate persons who have been mistakenly accused or convicted of crimes.
D) all of the preceding are correct.
Q4) Contamination is a big issue in the collection and packaging of evidence containing DNA.Coughing or sneezing while handling DNA evidence can cause contamination. A)True
B)False
Q5) Describe the role and importance of DNA analysis in criminal investigation.
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Chapter 9: Injury and Death Investigations
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Q1) Homicides are divided into two broad categories which are
A) Murder and attempted murder
B) Felonious and nonfelonious homicides
C) Murder and homicide
D) None of the above are correct
Q2) Hangings are sometimes accidental.The individual may have himself in a modified hanging position while masturbating and accidentally slip resulting in death known as ________.
Q3) ______________ is described as a number of murders (four or more)occurring during the same incident,with no distinctive time period between the murders.
Q4) In a hanging death,where is livor mortis most pronounced?
A) In the lower portions of the arms and legs.
B) In the jaw.
C) Around the face and lips.
D) All of the preceding are where livor mortis is most pronounced in a death by hanging.
Q5) The weapon most frequently used in assaults resulting in ________ wounds once was the ice pick but is less common today.
Q6) What are the four degrees of burning?
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Chapter 10: Sex-Related Offenses
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Q1) Sexual offenders increasing use of the ________,such as Rohypnol and gamma hydroxybutyrate,as tools of submission accounts for much of the complexity surrounding these cases.
Q2) Which statement about the type and sequence of sexual acts occurring during an assault is most accurate?
A) A rapist reveals a great deal about himself and the motivation behind the assault through verbal activity with the victim.
B) Rapists are never polite nor do they ever express concern for the victim.
C) The attitude of the suspect is of no importance unless he was under the influence of alcohol and/or drugs at the time of the assault.
D) Most rapists take no action to keep from being identified by their victims.
Q3) What items can be surreptitiously collected in an effort to obtain DNA from suspects during questioning?
Q4) Rape is generally considered a woman-centered issue,but growing awareness has led to a rise in reports of homosexual male rape.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Why do women sometimes make false rape allegations?
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Chapter 11: Crimes Against Children
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Q1) Sixty five years ago,surveys of public school teachers indicated the most pressing classroom problems were
A) tardiness, talkative students, and gum chewing.
B) drugs and sexual assaults.
C) drugs and weapons on campus.
D) drugs, sex offenses and assaults against teachers.
Q2) Which federal law deals with child pornography and the Internet?
A) Child Pornography Prevention Act (CPPA).
B) U.S.A. Patriot ACT (USAPA).
C) The Federal Mann Act.
D) All of the preceding deals with some aspect of child pornography and the Internet.
Q3) Spill/splash injuries occur when a child falls or is placed into a container of hot liquid.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The ________ (CPPA)makes it a crime to sell,possess with intent to sell,download,or produce child pornography or any visual depiction that is intended to represent or resemble child pornography.
Q5) How is child pornography behaviorally defined?
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Chapter 12: Human Trafficking
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Q1) Worldwide,men suffer disproportionately from trafficking.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Most of the women and children trafficked in the United States come from A) Africa
B) Western Europe
C) Latin America
D) Australia and New Zealand
Q3) The majority of trafficking cases in the United States have been reported in New York,California,Texas,and __________,states with high concentrations of immigrants.
Q4) As many as _________women and children are trafficked into the United States annually
A) 10,000
B) 25, 000
C) 50,000
D) 100,000
Q5) The United States is a major destination for trafficked persons.Why are they here in the United States and in what types of services are they used?
Q6) Discuss the differences between human smuggling and trafficking.
Page 15
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Chapter 13: Robbery
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Q1) Banks have employed a wide variety of ________ strategies that are designed to make the bank interior appear inhospitable to would-be robbers.
Q2) The term "carjacking" originated in
A) Detroit.
B) Chicago.
C) New Orleans.
D) Los Angeles.
Q3) Taxicab drivers are easy targets because they work alone,are available at all times of the day and night,do business on a cash basis,and can be called or directed to locations that favor the offenders.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Convenience stores account for approximately 50% of all reported robberies as these stores do a lot of business in cash,are open 24 hours per day,have many locations,and little or no protection from robberies.
A)True
B)False
Q5) When is purse snatching a robbery?
Q6) Give three explanations for the increase in carjackings.
Page 16
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Chapter 14: Burglary
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Q1) Juvenile burglars commonly commit destructive acts of vandalism.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A burglary has occurred but no apparent force was used.This is referred to as a
A) SWAT entry.
B) stealth entry.
C) surreptitious entry.
D) quiet entry.
Q3) Burglary and other offenses are classified as crimes against habitation as long as the building is occupied (occupant does not have to be present during the burglary).
A)True
B)False
Q4) The scenes of safe burglaries are usually ________ with respect to physical evidence.
Q5) Which of the following would not generally be considered a burglary tool?
A) Knife.
B) Screwdriver.
C) Sledgehammer.
D) Gun.
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Chapter 15: Larceny Theft and White-Collar Crime
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Q1) Why do criminals want to launder money?
A) Avoid prosecution.
B) Increase their profits.
C) To appear legitimate.
D) All of the preceding are reasons why criminals want to launder money.
Q2) There are 5 types of shoplifters.Which of the following is not one of those types?
A) Kleptomaniac.
B) Thrill seekers.
C) Amateurs.
D) "Desperate Straits" people.
Q3) In reference to money laundering,in ________,the illegal funds that have been placed and layered are now clean and are virtually indistinguishable from wholly legal money and are then used to buy luxury items or to invest in legitimate businesses.
Q4) ________ is the illegal practice of filtering "dirty" money or ill-gotten gains through a series of transactions until the money is "clean."
Q5) ________ accidents are exactly that: no accident has occurred.This also requires collusion with a body shop to perpetrate the crime.
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Page 18
Chapter 16: Vehicle Thefts and Related Offenses
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Q1) The National Insurance Crime Bureau is
A) an agency in the U.S. Justice Department.
B) a branch of the FBI.
C) a non-law enforcement agency created by insurance companies.
D) a division of the U.S. Department of Transportation.
Q2) "Heavy equipment" is a descriptive term for
A) lawn and garden equipment.
B) construction and farm equipment.
C) all equipment manufactured by John Deere, Caterpillar, Ford, and Navistar.
D) mechanical equipment weighing over 25,000 pounds.
Q3) When an insurance fraud is committed by the owner alone,the fraud is often referred to as an "owner give-up."
A)True
B)False
Q4) Describe some of the principal investigative steps in determining whether a vehicle fire is accidental or arson.
Q5) Ownership and financial disputes over ________ vessels can be resolved in the federal courts.
Q6) What is avionics and why is avionics theft prevalent?
Q7) What is odometer fraud and why is it a significant offense?
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Chapter 17: Cybercrime
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Q1) The most profitable type of crime is
A) cybercrime
B) drug trafficking
C) bank robbery
D) all of the above
Q2) A small program that sends itself to other computers,rather than relying on user actions,is a
A) virus.
B) Malicious Mobile Code.
C) Trojan horse.
D) worm.
Q3) Cybercrime tools and services are being mass marketed on the Internet.They are found on publically accessible web forums,such as Internet Relay Chat (IRC); the major vendors are principally located in
A) Russia
B) Eastern Europe
C) Malaysia.
D) All of the above are correct
Q4) Discuss the differences between "black hatters" and "white hatters."
Q5) A/an _______________,may be the most common form of spyware.
Page 20
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Chapter 18: Agricultural, Wildlife, and Environmental Crimes
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Q1) Fossil hunters who invade public and private lands are known as
A) fossil rustlers.
B) fossil wranglers.
C) bone rustlers.
D) bone diggers.
Q2) When used to identify horses,the ________ is applied to the inside of the top lip,on cattle,the inside of the ear near the mid vein.
Q3) Unlike thieves who must sell what they steal to fences for pennies on the dollars,thieves involved in timber theft get full value for their efforts.
A)True
B)False
Q4) To transport cattle legally,certain written documents may be required,such as a bill of sale,a certificate of consignment,a brand inspector's certificate and/or a shipping or transportation permit among others.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What generalizations can be made about livestock and tack theft?
Q6) List five of the seven signs of illegal dumping.
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Chapter 19: Arson and Explosives Investigations
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Q1) Spontaneous ignition is fairly common in residences and small businesses.
A)True
B)False
Q2) If arson is suspected,why should firefighters not disarrange the premises by mopping up or overhauling the scene of the fire,especially at the point of origin?
Q3) Most chemical ignition units leave some residue; have a distinctive odor,or both.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Once the origin,or epicenter,of the explosion has been identified,the investigator should determine what type fuel was employed.How is that done?
A) By conducting an analysis of the chemicals in the air near the explosion site.
B) By comparing the nature and type of damage to the known available fuels at the scene.
C) By analyzing the dirt found at the explosion site.
D) All of the preceding are methods of determining the type of fuel employed.
Q5) A ________ is used to spread the fire.It is ignited by the blaze from the plant.
Q6) List some of the more common causes for accidental and natural fires?
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Page 22
Chapter 20: Recognition, Control, and Investigation of Drug Abuse
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Q1) What is the name of the drug that is a psychomotor stimulant with a chemical structure similar to methamphetamine that was originally patented in Germany in 1928?
A) Bayer Aspirin.
B) Methcathinone.
C) Cat or Goob.
D) Both B and C.
Q2) What rule states that courts will exclude any evidence that is obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment's provisions against unreasonable searches and seizures,no matter how pertinent it is to the case at hand?
A) Illegal search warrant rule.
B) Fourteenth Amendment.
C) Terry v. Ohio.
D) Exclusionary Rule.
Q3) Liquid hashish is produced by concentrating the basic active ingredient in A) cocaine.
B) heroin.
C) mescaline.
D) marijuana.
Q4) What are the major exceptions to searching without a search warrant?
23
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Chapter 21: Terrorism
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Q1) What does Hizbollah mean?
Q2) As defined by the FBI,domestic terrorism is the unlawful use,or threatened use,of violence by a group or an individual based and operating entirely within the United States or its territories,without foreign direction,committed against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government in furtherance of political or social objectives.
A)True
B)False
Q3) If terrorists attempted to use anthrax against the U.S.as a weapon,this would be an example of a
A) chemical attack.
B) limited biological attack.
C) haz-mat attack.
D) limited chemical attack.
Q4) What types of events are associated with the Palestinian group known as HAMAS?
Q5) The U.S.PATRIOT Act authorizes an Internet surveillance program that was formerly designated as "Carnivore."
A)True
B)False
Q6) Discuss how terrorist organizations are financed.Give examples.
Page 24
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Chapter 22: The Trial Process and the Investigator As a Witness
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Q1) Describe the manner in which circumstantial evidence is used in a criminal prosecution.
Q2) Regarding the proper clothing to wear while testifying in court,all authorities agree that
A) a uniform should always be worn while testifying.
B) civilian clothes should always be worn while testifying.
C) the investigator should wear what he or she was wearing at the time of the arrest.
D) regardless of what is worn it should be neat and clean.
Q3) An inference is similar to a presumption but differs in that the jury has more latitude in accepting or rejecting an inference.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Weight of evidence deals with the elements of persuasion and believability. A)True
B)False
Q5) When and how may a witness use notes on the witness stand?
Q6) During an ongoing criminal investigation,what factors must the criminal investigator consider in deciding whether to make an arrest and when to make it?
Page 25
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