Physiology for Health Sciences Practice
Exam
Course Introduction
Physiology for Health Sciences is an introductory course that explores the fundamental principles and mechanisms underlying normal human body function. Emphasizing the integration of cellular, organ, and system-level processes, the course covers topics such as homeostasis, neurophysiology, cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, digestive, endocrine, and musculoskeletal systems. Through lectures, practical examples, and critical analysis, students gain a foundational understanding of how physiological processes maintain health, and how imbalances can lead to disease, preparing them for advanced studies and clinical applications in the health sciences.
Recommended Textbook
Human Physiology 12th Edition by Stuart Ira Fox
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20 Chapters
2819 Verified Questions
2819 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: The Study of Body Function
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113 Verified Questions
113 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An integrating center sends information to a(n)
A)sensor.
B)effector.
C)brain region.
D)thermostat.
Answer: B
Q2) What produces "goose bumps"?
A)secretion of sweat
B)contraction of the arrector pili muscle
C)flow of sebum onto the skin
D)dilation of cutaneous blood vessels
Answer: B
Q3) Adult stem cells may be found in A)hair follicles.
B)the brain.
C)red bone marrow.
D)skeletal muscle.
E)All of these choices are correct.
Answer: E
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Chemical Composition of the Body
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109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Molecules with polar covalent bonds are hydrophobic.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) An example of a monosaccharide is
A)maltose.
B)sucrose.
C)glucose.
D)glycogen.
Answer: C
Q3) Hydrophobic molecules would contain _______________ bonds.
A)nonpolar covalent
B)polar covalent
C)hydrogen
D)ionic
Answer: A
Q4) Acids release hydrogen ions into solutions.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 3: Cell Structure and Genetic Control
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132 Verified Questions
132 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The _____________ of the messenger RNA is recognized by the _____________ of the transfer RNA.
A)triplet,codon
B)codon,anticodon
C)anticodon,codon
D)anticodon,triplet
Answer: B
Q2) What organelle functions to chemically modify cellular products and package them in vesicles?
A)Golgi apparatus
B)mitochondrion
C)lysosome
D)ribosome
Answer: A
Q3) The cytoskeleton of a cell can serve as a railway that can transport organelles and molecules to different intracellular destinations.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Enzymes and Energy
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99 Verified Questions
99 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Enzymes which remove hydrogen atoms from their substrates are referred to as
A)dehydrogenases.
B)hydrolases.
C)catalases.
D)peroxidases.
Q2) Enzymes ______________ the rate of a specific chemical reaction.
A)decrease
B)increase
C)have no effect on
Q3) At saturation,enzyme activity is maximal.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Most enzymes are lipids.
A)True
B)False
Q5) FAD and NAD are coenzymes that act as _______ in biochemical reactions.
A)hydrogen carriers
B)oxygen carriers
C)energy carriers
D)vitamin carriers
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Chapter 5: Cell Respiration and Metabolism
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107 Verified Questions
107 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What percentage of energy released by aerobic respiration of glucose is captured by ATP?
A)25-30%
B)30-34%
C)38-40%
D)42-46%
Q2) The Cori cycle involves formation of glucose made by gluconeogenesis in the liver from lactic acid produced by fermentation in skeletal muscles.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What vitamin is a required coenzyme for transamination?
A)B<sub>3</sub>
B)B<sub>6</sub>
C)B<sub>9</sub>
D)B<sub>12</sub>
Q4) A deficiency of ______________ would limit production of coenzyme A.
A)pantothenic acid
B)linoleic acid
C)folic acid
D)thiamine
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Chapter 6: Interactions Between Cells and the Extracellular Environment
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118 Verified Questions
118 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Osmosis and simple diffusion do NOT require the actions of carrier proteins.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Glucose entry into the cell is by facilitated diffusion.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A cell placed in a 9% saline solution (molecular weight = 58.5g)would
A)lyse.
B)crenate.
C)not change.
D)swell.
Q4) A 0.1 Osm plasma sample would
A)stimulate the action of osmoreceptors.
B)be hypertonic to the cells.
C)stimulate an increase in blood volume.
D)inhibit the release of antidiuretic hormone.
Q5) The rate of diffusion increases as the concentration gradient increases. A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: The Nervous System: Neurons and Synapses
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178 Verified Questions
178 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which cells are needed for the formation of synapses in the CNS?
A)ependymal
B)microglia
C)astrocytes
D)dendrites
Q2) The nerve is the basic structural and functional unit of the nervous system.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Once an EPSP is created on the postsynaptic neuron,a new action potential is produced down the axon.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The blood-brain barrier prevents hydrophobic molecules from diffusing into the brain.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Astrocytes can be excited by changes in intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> concentration.
A)True
B)False
Page 9
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Chapter 8: The Central Nervous System
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149 Verified Questions
149 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Except for the sense of __________,all sensory information is relayed through the thalamus.
A)taste
B)vision
C)balance
D)smell
Q2) Neurogenesis in the hippocampus may be involved in learning and memory.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Damage to the _____ prefrontal area will cause a lack of motivation and sexual desire and deficient cognitive functions.
A)lateral
B)orbitofacial
C)posterior
D)palatine
Q4) Interpretation of auditory inputs would be most affected by
A)ablation of the intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus.
B)ablation of the hypothalamus.
C)ablation to the medial geniculate nuclei of the thalamus.
D)ablation of the lateral geniculate nuclei of the thalamus.
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Chapter 9: The Autonomic Nervous System
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102 Verified Questions
102 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT an example of the cooperative effects of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS?
A)micturition
B)male sexual function
C)saliva production
D)sweating
Q2) Autonomic motor nerves do NOT innervate
A)smooth muscle.
B)B.skeletal muscle.
C)cardiac muscle.
D)glands.
Q3) Neural crest cells form
A)the adrenal medullA.
B)postganglionic sympathetic nerves.
C)the hypothalamus.
D)both the adrenal medulla and postganglionic sympathetic nerves.
Q4) Autonomic motor pathways utilize two neurons while somatic motor pathways utilize one neuron
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Sensory Physiology
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175 Verified Questions
175 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sweet,umami,and bitter receptors activate gustducin G-proteins that lead to depolarization.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The function of the inner hair cells of the organ of Corti is to amplify low sound intensities.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Only absorbed light can produce photochemical reactions that result in vision.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Solutions containing a high concentration of hydrogen ions would maximally stimulate taste buds for sweet.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Vision would be impaired by
A)damage to the superior colliculus.
B)ablation of the medial geniculate nucleus.
C)damage to the temporal lobe.
D)damage to the vestibulocochlear nerve.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Endocrine Glands: Secretion and Action of Hormones
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157 Verified Questions
157 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT one of the three functional categories of corticosteroids?
A)mineralocorticoids
B)glucocorticoids
C)thyrocorticoids
D)sex steroids
Q2) Molecules that are produced within one tissue but regulate a different tissue of the same organ are called
A)autocrine regulators.
B)endocrine regulators.
C)paracrine regulators.
D)exocrine regulators.
Q3) Water-soluble hormones bind to receptors located within the plasma membrane.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following is NOT one of the three stages in the response to stress?
A)stage of exhaustion
B)alarm reaction
C)stage of denial
D)stage of resistance
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Chapter 12: Muscle: Mechanisms of Contraction and Neural Control
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146 Verified Questions
146 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Muscle hypertrophy is due to
A)increased number of myofibrils in the muscle fiber.
B)increased number of muscle fibers.
C)increased size of the myofibrils.
D)Both increased number of myofibrils in the muscle fiber and increased size of the myofibrils are correct.
Q2) In regards to the relationship between resting muscle fiber length and tension generated,
A)maximal tension is generated when the thick and thin filaments slightly overlap.
B)maximal tension is generated when the thick and thin filaments do not overlap.
C)maximal tension is generated when the thick and thin filaments greatly overlap.
D)the amount of overlap is unimportant in determining maximal tension.
Q3) The ______________ reflex prevents excessive muscle contraction.
A)flexor
B)cross-extensor
C)Golgi tendon
D)muscle spindle
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Blood,Heart and Circulation
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151 Verified Questions
151 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The possibility of an individual developing ischemic heart disease
A)is decreased by increasing exercise.
B)is increased by stopping smoking.
C)is decreased by diets containing 50% fat.
D)is increased by diets low in saturated fat.
Q2) Systole refers to the ______ of the heart.
A)relaxation
B)filling
C)contraction
D)blood flow
Q3) What occurs when the pressure in the ventricles drops below the pressure of the atria?
A)AV valves open
B)AV valves close
C)SL valves open
D)SL valves close
Q4) Arteries usually carry blood high in oxygen toward the heart.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 14: Cardiac Output, Blood Flow, and Blood Pressure
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148 Verified Questions
148 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Tripling blood vessel radius would increase blood flow 64-fold.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Hydrostatic pressure is ______ and colloid osmotic pressure is ______ at the arterial end of a capillary.
A)higher,higher
B)higher,lower
C)lower,lower
D)lower,higher
Q3) Immersion in water will lead to increased diuresis.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Shock is characterized by hypotension.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Under resting conditions,all of the body's blood is pumped through the left ventricle in one minute.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 15: The Immune System
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137 Verified Questions
137 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Mineralocorticoids stimulate immune suppression by inhibiting interleukin-1 production.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Interferons stimulate macrophage replication.
A)True
B)False
Q3) _____________ tissues serve as a barrier to microbial infection.
A)Epithelial
B)Muscular
C)Nervous
D)Connective
Q4) What molecule is used to produce lymphokine-activated killer cells to treat some types of cancer?
A)interleukin-2
B)interleukin-1
C)interleukin-4
D)G-CSF
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Page 17
Chapter 16: Respiratory Physiology
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166 Verified Questions
166 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Forced expiratory volume tests are used to differentiate between restrictive and obstructive lung disorders.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Limits on stretching the lungs are due to the A)Haldane effect.
B)law of Laplace.
C)Hering-Breuer reflex.
D)None of the choices is correct.
Q3) The primary drive to breath is elicited by which of the following:
A)reduced P<sub>O2</sub>.
B)reduced P<sub>CO2</sub>.
C)increased P<sub>O2</sub>.
D)increased P<sub>CO2</sub>.
Q4) The chloride shift and its reverse play an important role in the acid-base balance of the blood.
A)True
B)False
Q5) From the following lab data,predict whether the patient has
Q6) From the following lab data,predict whether the patient has
Page 18
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Chapter 17: Physiology of the Kidneys
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152 Verified Questions
152 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An increase in plasma osmolality will cause the secretion of ADH.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Granular cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus respond to decreased blood volume and increased sympathetic nerve activity by secreting
A)renin.
B)inulin.
C)angiotensinogen.
D)natriuretic hormone.
Q3) The proximal tubule and loop of Henle are subject to hormonal regulation of sodium and water.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The __________ surface of the simple cuboidal epithelia in the proximal convoluted tubule contains microvilli.
A)lateral
B)basal
C)basolateral
D)apical
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Chapter 18: The Digestive System
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172 Verified Questions
172 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Gastric hydrochloric acid secretion is regulated through both negative and positive feedback mechanisms.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following is NOT a function of intestinal microbiota?
A)production of B vitamins
B)ferment indigestible contents of the chyme
C)production of vitamin K
D)hydrolyze proteins
Q3) Anemia often results due to a lack of intrinsic factor.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Triglycerides are remade in intestinal epithelial cells before combining with proteins to form chylomicrons.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Stress would cause GI motility and secretions to be A)increased.
B)decreased.
C)unchanged.
Page 20
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Chapter 19: Regulation of Metabolism
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138 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A free radical has
A)paired electrons.
B)unpaired electrons.
C)unbonded electrons.
D)bonded electrons.
Q2) Which of the following is NOT a caloric energy expenditure of the body?
A)BMI
B)physical activity
C)BMR
D)adaptive thermogenesis
Q3) Glucose regulation by hydrocortisone (cortisol)would be impaired by ablation of the A)adrenal medullA.
B)thyroid gland.
C)Islets of Langerhans
D)adrenal cortex.
Q4) The oral glucose test is a measure of the ability of the alpha cells to secrete insulin and of the ability of insulin to increase blood glucose levels.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 20: Reproduction
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164 Verified Questions
164 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Regions of DNA that read the same forward as backward are called ______ and include the testis-specific genes on the Y chromosome.
A)palindromes
B)autosomes
C)haploid
D)genomic
Q2) Genetic screening of newborns using only a drop of blood can determine which of the following genetic disorders?
A)hypothyroidism
B)cystic fibrosis
C)sickle cell anemia
D)All of the choices are correct.
Q3) The __________ provides enzymes that allows the sperm to digest a pathway through the zona pellucida to the oocyte.
A)chorion
B)zygote
C)acrosome
D)blastocyst
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