Physiological Psychology
Question Bank
Course Introduction
Physiological Psychology explores the intricate relationship between biological processes and behavior, emphasizing how the brain, nervous system, hormones, and genetics influence human thought, emotions, and actions. The course covers topics such as neural structure and function, neurotransmitter systems, sensory and motor pathways, sleep, emotion, and the physiological underpinnings of psychological disorders. Through an integrative approach combining theory, research findings, and practical applications, students gain a foundational understanding of how physiological mechanisms shape psychological experiences and inform interventions in the field of psychology.
Recommended Textbook
Discovering Behavioral Neuroscience An Introduction to Biological Psychology 4th Edition by Laura
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16 Chapters
2642 Verified Questions
2642 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: What Is Behavioral Neuroscience?
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146 Verified Questions
146 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Microdialysis is used to
A) assess the chemicals present in a very small area of the brain.
B) apply chemicals directly to the brain.
C) produce lesions.
D) identify the function of a small area of the brain.
Answer: A
Q2) MEG involves the
A) analysis of evoked potentials.
B) recording of electrical activity from the brain during surgery.
C) recording of the magnetic output of the brain.
D) recording of electrical activity from the brain through electrodes placed on the scalp.
Answer: C
Q3) Which of the following technologies are most useful in analyzing brain activity during a seizure?
A) CT
B) PET
C) MEG
D) MRI
Answer: C
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System
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202 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The primary purpose of CSF is to
A) nourish the cells of the brain and spinal cord.
B) float the brain within the skull.
C) remove toxins from the brain and excrete them from the body.
D) synthesize chemical messengers.
Answer: B
Q2) The parietal lobes are found rostral to the occipital lobes and posterior to the frontal lobes.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Which part of the brain is also referred to as "the fifth lobe?"
A) the orbitofrontal cortex
B) the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
C) the insula
D) the fusiform face area
Answer: C
Q4) The ______ contributes to muscle coordination, muscle tone, balance, and some types of learning.
Answer: cerebellum
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Chapter 3: Neurophysiology: The Structure and Functions of the
Cells of the Nervous System
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163 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) There are many more neurons than glia in the nervous system. A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) The resting potential of a neuron is primarily dependent on the movement of A) sodium.
B) calcium.
C) chloride.
D) potassium.
Answer: D
Q3) Lethal injection interferes with the resting potential of cells by
A) increasing the concentration of extracellular sodium.
B) decreasing the concentration of extracellular sodium.
C) increasing the concentration of extracellular potassium.
D) decreasing the concentration of extracellular potassium.
Answer: C
Q4) Oligodendrocytes form the myelin sheaths in the central nervous system (CNS). A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Psychopharmacology
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180 Verified Questions
180 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A drug that mimics the action of a neurochemical is known as a(n)
A) agonist.
B) antagonist.
C) facilitator.
D) enabler.
Q2) When the body's compensation for a drug cancels out most of the drug's effects, ________ occurs, and when the compensatory effects occur alone, ________ occurs.
Q3) L-dopa is the precursor molecule in the synthesis of A) dopamine only.
B) dopamine and epinephrine.
C) dopamine and norepinephrine.
D) dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine.
Q4) When someone takes a drug, the drug must first get into the bloodstream. Once in the blood, the size of the drug's effect is directly related to A) the concentration of the drug in the blood supply.
B) the gender of the user.
C) whether the drug is an agonist or an antagonist.
D) whether or not the drug is fat soluble.
Q5) Alcohol produces its effects by acting on the ______ receptor.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain
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147 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) During the development of your four-year-old nephew's brain, a number of neurons died and many synapses were pruned. As a result, when he is older, he will
A) suffer from intellectual disability.
B) probably be totally normal.
C) not be able to learn to talk.
D) have normal speech, but his intellectual functioning will be lower than normal.
Q2) An allele that produces a phenotypical trait regardless of whether or not its pair is homozygous or heterozygous is A) imprinted.
B) dominant.
C) recessive.
D) an SNP.
Q3) Cells from the ectoderm of the developing embryo that do not develop into nervous tissue, develop into A) muscle and bone.
B) connective tissue.
C) skin.
D) internal organs.
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Chapter 6: Vision
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171 Verified Questions
171 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The reason we do not perceive our eye blinks as "blackouts" might be that
A) blinks happen too quickly to be perceived by the cerebral cortex.
B) during a blink, the visual cortex is deactivated.
C) we learn to ignore these interruptions in visual input.
D) during a blink, areas of the brain involved with consciousness become less active.
Q2) Amber's mom is in her mid-40s, and she's starting to complain about how long it takes her to see well when she shifts her vision from the speedometer of her car to the road ahead of her. It is likely that Amber's mom is experiencing age-related deficits in the ability of her lens to
A) assimilate.
B) accommodate.
C) transduce.
D) laterally inhibit.
Q3) Horizontal cells receive input from _________ and provide output to _________.
A) photoreceptors; bipolar cells
B) photoreceptors; ganglion cells
C) amacrine cells; bipolar cells
D) bipolar cells; photoreceptors
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Chapter 7: Nonvisual Sensation and Perception
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165 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Axons from the vestibular nuclei form connections with the _________ of the thalamus.
A) MGN
B) LGN
C) ventral posterior (VP) nucleus
D) intralaminar nuclei
Q2) Periaqueductal gray (PAG) contains large numbers of _________ receptors.
A) glutamate
B) substance P
C) endorphin
D) serotonin
Q3) Sound waves with a single frequency are known as
A) pure tones, which are rare in nature.
B) pure tones, which are common in nature.
C) complex tones, which are rare in nature.
D) noise, which is common in nature.
Q4) The processing of the sense of taste differs from most other senses, because taste information travels to the cortex before it travels to the thalamus.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Movement
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164 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Your friend was in an accident, and although his intelligence and personality are unchanged, he is no longer able to play his guitar, nor is he the coordinated athlete he once was. His symptoms may be the result of damage to which of the following areas?
A) the frontal lobes
B) the cerebellum
C) the occipital lobes
D) the hippocampus
Q2) The rubrospinal tract originates in the A) reticular formation of the brainstem.
B) superior colliculi of the pons.
C) red nucleus of the midbrain.
D) vestibular nuclei of the thalamus.
Q3) Droopy eyelids, slurred speech, and difficulty swallowing and breathing are characteristic of
A) myasthenia gravis.
B) muscular dystrophy.
C) Parkinson's disease.
D) Huntington's disease.
Q4) Describe the basal ganglia and the role it plays in initiating movement.
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Chapter 9: Homeostasis, Motivation, and Reward
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the most likely relationship between genetics and eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa?
A) There is no evidence for a genetic contribution to eating disorders.
B) Genes probably contribute a great deal to bulimia nervosa but not to anorexia nervosa.
C) Some studies have identified a genetic contribution, but others have found no evidence of such a factor.
D) Eating disorders can be accounted for almost entirely by genetic influences.
Q2) Anorexia nervosa affects approximately _________ percent of young females in America.
A) 1.5
B) 3
C) 5.5
D) 8
Q3) Hyponatremia results from
A) dangerously low sodium and fluid levels.
B) dangerously high sodium levels.
C) failure to drink enough plain water.
D) frequent urination.
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Sexual Behavior
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159 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Major histocompatibility complex genes code for
A) our immune system's ability to recognize intruders.
B) our immune system's ability to aid in reproduction.
C) our reproductive system's ability to produce androgens.
D) our reproductive system's ability to produce estrogens.
Q2) Physically, most men with a 47,XYY genotype are
A) unusually muscular.
B) lacking in male secondary sex characteristics.
C) shorter than normal.
D) unusually tall and lean and typically have severe acne.
Q3) Over the past 150 years in the United States, the average age at which puberty begins has
A) remained stable.
B) risen.
C) decreased.
D) decreased for males but not for females.
Q4) David entered puberty around age 12. His doctors were concerned because this was very early compared to most children.
A)True
B)False
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Sleep and Waking
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169 Verified Questions
169 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following substances are released primarily at night in humans?
A) dopamine and melatonin
B) norepinephrine and growth hormone
C) melatonin and growth hormone
D) acetylcholine and melatonin
Q2) According to Calvin Hall, we are more likely to dream about
A) familiar places and routine activities.
B) unfamiliar places and bizarre activities.
C) familiar people than imaginary strangers.
D) ourselves than other people.
Q3) Paul has been working the night shift for a long time. He likely has A) developed shift maladaptation syndrome.
B) developed a reduced need for sleep.
C) increases in NREM.
D) no observable symptoms.
Q4) Putting infants to sleep on their backs has greatly reduced the frequency of A) sleep apnea.
B) SIDS.
C) narcolepsy.
D) nocturnal enuresis.
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Chapter 12: Learning and Memory
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168 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The process that occurs following a strong stimulus, when the responses to subsequent stimuli are increased, is called
A) instinctive behavior.
B) habituation.
C) sensitization.
D) classical conditioning.
Q2) NMDA receptors ___________ when the nearby membrane is not depolarized.
A) allow both sodium and calcium to enter the cell
B) are blocked by a molecule of calcium
C) are blocked by a molecule of magnesium
D) allow potassium to leave the cell
Q3) The rapid series of shocks that is applied to demonstrate LTP is at a rate that is ______ that found in normal neuronal communication.
A) greater than
B) less than
C) about the same as
D) more irregular than
Q4) What is a Hebb (or Hebbian) synapse, and how is this concept related to LTP?
Q5) Summarize the role of the amygdala in the classical conditioning of fear.
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Chapter 13: Cognition
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168 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Brittany, who is right-handed, always holds her cell phone up to her left ear so she can do other things with her right hand at the same time. It is most likely that Brittany
A) is unusual for a right-hander, because she obviously must store language in her right hemisphere.
B) will not be able to understand either the words or emotional tone of her friends as well as if she listened with her right ear instead of her left.
C) will do a good job interpreting the emotional tone of her friends' voices, but she might miss a word or two of their conversation now and then.
D) will do a good job of hearing all of the words her friends say, but she might misinterpret the emotional tone of their voices now and then.
Q2) Studies on split-brain patients have revealed a wealth of data as to lateralization of brain functions. For the left side of the brain, explain which functions of right-handed patients are managed by this hemisphere.
Q3) Discuss separately the effects of damage to the area #3 in this illustration. Following that explanation, discuss the effects of damage to area #1 in this diagram.
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Chapter 14: Emotion, Aggression, and Stress
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160 Verified Questions
160 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The facial nuclei
A) are richly connected with one another.
B) do not communicate directly with one another.
C) are controlled primarily by the red nucleus.
D) are composed of eight subnuclei.
Q2) The use of anabolic steroids is
A) positively correlated with aggression in males.
B) negatively correlated with aggression in males.
C) positively correlated with aggression in females but not males.
D) not related to observed levels of aggression.
Q3) The activity of lymphocytes is
A) inhibited by cortisol.
B) enhanced by cortisol.
C) inhibited by serotonin.
D) enhanced by dopamine.
Q4) Describe the roles of the amygdala and prefrontal cortices in impulsive aggression.
Q5) Summarize the components of an emotion.
Q6) How well would the classic theories of emotion predict the behavior of people playing violent videogames?
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Chapter 15: Neuropsychology
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151 Verified Questions
151 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Botox injections are approved for the treatment of A) multiple sclerosis.
B) epilepsy.
C) migraine headaches.
D) encephalitis.
Q2) A balloon-like bulge in an artery is known as a(n) A) aneurysm.
B) embolism.
C) thrombosis.
D) cerebrovascular accident (CVA).
Q3) When low oxygen levels result from insufficiency in the blood supply to the brain, the resulting condition is known as A) ischemia.
B) aneurysm.
C) arteriovenous malformation.
D) cavernous malformation.
Q4) Summarize the symptoms and treatment of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND).
Q5) Describe the two major types of generalized seizures.
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Chapter 16: Psychopathology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Some patients given L-dopa to control the symptoms of Parkinson's disease reportedly
A) develop Tourette's syndrome.
B) become euphoric.
C) experience panic attacks.
D) develop symptoms similar to schizophrenia.
Q2) Autism spectrum disorder may be associated with A) larger than normal amounts of neurotrophins.
B) reduced amounts of neurotrophins.
C) childhood exposure to viruses.
D) parenting style.
Q3) Professor Ruggs tells her class that research has shown that schizophrenia occurs
A) most frequently among people from the upper and middle socioeconomic statuses.
B) most frequently among people from the lower socioeconomic status.
C) without respect to a person's socioeconomic status.
D) more commonly among men from the lower socioeconomic status and women from the upper and middle socioeconomic statuses.
Q4) Lala has been diagnosed with MDD. What treatments options are available to her?
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