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Physical Therapy Clinical Practice Exam Solutions - 512 Verified Questions

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Physical Therapy Clinical Practice

Exam Solutions

Course Introduction

Physical Therapy Clinical Practice provides students with hands-on experience in real-world healthcare settings, allowing them to apply theoretical knowledge and develop essential clinical skills under the supervision of licensed physical therapists. The course emphasizes patient assessment, individualized treatment planning, therapeutic interventions, and effective communication with patients and healthcare teams. Students also learn about professional ethics, documentation, and multidisciplinary collaboration, preparing them for competent and compassionate physical therapy practice.

Recommended Textbook

Therapeutic Exercise Foundations and Techniques 7th Edition by Carolyn Kisner

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26 Chapters

512 Verified Questions

512 Flashcards

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Chapter 1: Therapeutic Exercise: Foundational Concepts

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24 Verified Questions

24 Flashcards

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Sample Questions

Q1) According to the definition of therapeutic exercise and the goal of designing an individualized program of therapeutic exercise, the physical therapist might develop a therapeutic exercise program in order to:

A)Restore function through the elimination of body structure impairments.

B)Improve function but not to remediate or reduce disability.

C)Optimize overall health status, fitness, or sense of well-being.

D)Remediate activity limitations but not to reduce health-related risk factors.

Answer: C

Q2) As a result of supraspinatus impingement syndrome, Mrs.J is unable to lift her arm fully overhead without pain.You plan to design an exercise program consisting of both discrete and serial tasks.You do not want to include continuous tasks at this time.Which of the following should not be included?

A)ROM exercises using a cloth to wipe down the wall

B)Active reaching exercises to place small objects in a cabinet

C)Active assisted stretching by lifting a cane overhead in supine

D)Warming up on the upper extremity (UE) ergometer (UE cycling)

Answer: D

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Page 3

Chapter 2: Prevention, Health, and Wellness

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13 Verified Questions

13 Flashcards

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Sample Questions

Q1) The goals of Healthy People 2020 are based on the nation's vision to:

A)Eliminate HIV and develop an immunization for prevention of AIDS.

B)Develop a cure for the common cold.

C)Promote smoking cessation, eliminate tobacco use, and pass legislation in all states banning smoking in public places.

D)Foster a society in which all people live long and healthy lives.

Answer: D

Q2) Each of the following is a prescreening question that should be addressed before participation in a health promotion program, except:

A)Have you ever been diagnosed with a heart condition?

B)What are your blood pressure and heart rate normally?

C)Do you experience chest pain when you engage in physical activity?

D)Do you ever lose your balance or lose consciousness?

Answer: B

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4

Chapter 3: Range of Motion

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Sample Questions

Q1) In order to maintain the web space of the hand, it is important to maintain which of the following motions of the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb?

A)Adduction and flexion

B)Abduction and extension

C)Adduction and extension

D)Abduction and flexion

Answer: B

Q2) Which of the following is a true statement about ROM exercises?

A)Passive ROM is synonymous with stretching.

B)If a joint is hypermobile, PROM exercises are contraindicated.

C)Passive ROM can be carried out manually or mechanically.

D)Whenever possible, active-assistive ROM should be performed in positions that eliminate the effect of gravity on the weak muscle that is actively contracting.

Answer: C

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5

Chapter 4: Stretching for Improved Mobility

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Sample Questions

Q1) Which is the safest (for protection of the long arch of the foot) and most effective way to apply a long-duration self-stretch of the gastrocnemius-soleus muscle group?

A)Stand facing a wall; lean into the wall while keeping both heels on the floor.Sustain that position for as long as possible.

B)Assume a long-sitting position on the floor; loop a towel or strap under one foot (strap should be at the heads of the metatarsals) and pull on the towel or strap.

C)Stand on a solid wedge (5°, 10°, or 15° angle) for an extended period of time.

D)Stand on a step with your heels hanging over the edge and let your heels drop slightly below step level and maintain that position as long as tolerated.

Q2) When applying a stretch, you first feel some resistance; as you maintain the stretch, you feel as though you can move into a greater range using the same amount of force.This describes what mechanical property of connective tissue?

A)Stress relaxation

B)Tissue failure

C)Elastic limit

D)Creep

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6

Chapter 5: Peripheral Joint Mobilizationmanipulation

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Sample Questions

Q1) Your patient had a cast removed last week following a distal tibiofibular fracture.He now has limited motion of the ankle and foot.Which of the following joint-mobilization techniques would you use to increase ankle dorsiflexion?

A)Dorsal glide of calcaneus on talus

B)Plantar glide of navicular on talus

C)Anterior glide of talus on tibia

D)Posterior glide of talus on tibia

Q2) If a patient exhibits signs of joint hypermobility or joint effusion/inflammation, which of the following mobilization techniques is contraindicated?

A)Sustained grade I

B)Sustained grade II

C)Sustained grade III

D)Oscillation grade II

Q3) A normal accessory joint movement that occurs with roll is:

A)Sliding.

B)Swing.

C)Distraction.

D)Compression.

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Chapter 6: Resistance Exercise for Impaired Muscle

Performance

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40 Verified Questions

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Sample Questions

Q1) Which of the following best describes cross-training or cross-exercise, a phenomenon that has been observed as a result of resistance training?

A)When resistance exercise is carried out by a muscle, the antagonist to that muscle also shows an increase in strength.

B)When exercise is carried out concentrically against resistance, an increase in eccentric muscle strength in the same leg also occurs.

C)When resistance exercise is carried out by a muscle group on the right side of the body, small gains in strength occur in the same unexercised muscle on the opposite side of the body.

D)When training is carried out for the purpose of developing strength, muscular endurance also develops in that same muscle.

Q2) Each of the following is a true statement about isokinetic exercise except:

A)Current technology provides resistance only to concentric muscle contractions.

B)It accommodates for a painful arc.

C)It provides maximal resistance throughout the available ROM.

D)It accommodates for muscle fatigue.

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8

Chapter 7: Principles of Aerobic Exercise

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Sample Questions

Q1) Which of the following is correct about the intensity of exercise and achieving a conditioning response?

A)For a young, healthy individual, training at an intensity of 70% maximum heart rate is considered the maximum-level stimulus for a safe training program.

B)If an adult is young, healthy, and accustomed to exercise, training at 100% of the maximum heart rate is recommended to achieve a conditioning response.

C)For a sedentary, deconditioned individual, an initial training intensity at 70% of the maximum heart rate is the level of training typically required to achieve a conditioning response.

D)For a sedentary, deconditioned individual, low-intensity exercise at the 40% to 60% level is usually sufficient to induce an initial conditioning response.

Q2) If jogging for 20 minutes requires 50 units of work output and 200 units of work input, what is the exercise efficiency?

A)2%

B)2.5%

C)20%

D)25%

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Chapter 8: Exercise for Impaired Balance

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22 Flashcards

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Sample Questions

Q1) The center of gravity in most adult humans is located slightly:

A)Posterior to the L2 vertebra.

B)Posterior to the S2 vertebra.

C)Anterior to the L2 vertebra.

D)Anterior to the S2 vertebra.

Q2) Individuals who become unstable or fall in condition 5 (standing on foam with eyes closed) and condition 6 (standing on foam wearing a dome) during the Clinical Test of Sensory Integration on Balance Test (Foam and Dome Test) most likely have deficits in:

A)Proprioception.

B)Somatosensation.

C)Vestibular function.

D)Vision.

Q3) The semicircular canals of the vestibular system would contribute the most to balance control during which of the following activities?

A)Standing and quickly turning the head to look at a person

B)Sitting in a chair reading a newspaper

C)Standing on a bus that suddenly accelerates forward

D)Standing on an elevator that suddenly accelerates downward

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Chapter 9: Aquatic Exercise

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18 Flashcards

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Sample Questions

Q1) A 55-year old man with stable congestive heart failure is unable to tolerate land-based exercises for strengthening his back because of chronic low back pain.He has expressed concern with attempting pool therapy because of his inability to swim and his use of pain medications.Which of the following statements is true about his ability to participate in aquatic therapy?

A)Pool therapy is contraindicated because of the chronicity of his pain.

B)Pool therapy can be used to decrease pain, improve mobility, and strengthen muscles.

C)Fear of water and use of pain medications are a contraindication.

D)Pool therapy is contraindicated for any individual with congestive heart failure.

Q2) After a musculoskeletal injury of the lower extremity, you develop an aquatic exercise program for your patient.An aquatic exercise program is the least effective for:

A)Transfer of training to land-based functional activities.

B)Reducing risk of re-injury during the early stage of rehabilitation.

C)Enabling early weight bearing.

D)Increasing range of motion.

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11

Chapter 10: Soft Tissue Injury, Repair, and Management

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Sample Questions

Q1) All of the following are considerations for interventions when establishing a rehabilitation program for a patient diagnosed with chronic inflammation resulting from repetitive trauma except:

A)Tissues subjected to repetitive trauma may never completely heal.

B)Connective tissue sustains structural weakening as a result of the perpetuated inflammatory tissue response.

C)Initiation of resistance exercise should begin with eccentric (muscle lengthening) techniques as soon as pain subsides to avoid tissue contracture.

D)Inflammatory response must first be managed by controlling the inflammation with modalities or other conservative measures.

Q2) What is the best method for determining the progression of exercise during the subacute stage of healing?

A)Increase range of motion 10° each treatment session

B)Increase strength training by 1 lb each treatment session

C)Increase endurance exercises by 3 repetitions each treatment session

D)Let patient response guide the progression of exercise

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Chapter 11: Joint, Connective Tissue, and Bone Disorders and Management

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Sample Questions

Q1) All of the following are recommendations of the National Osteoporosis Foundation for ways to prevent osteoporosis except:

A)Maintain a diet rich in calcium and vitaminD.

B)Routinely participate in weight bearing and aerobic exercises.

C)Strengthen the core and protect the spine with flexion exercises (curls and sit-ups).

D)Stop smoking and decrease excessive alcohol consumption.

Q2) Your patient has osteoarthritis of the left hip and states he experiences hip and thigh pain after walking for more than 20 to 30 minutes.As a therapist, which of the following is the most appropriate intervention for you to recommend?

A)A period of complete rest or immobility

B)Application of heat and massage after periods of walking

C)Measures to decrease the mechanical stresses on the hip joint, such as use of a cane when walking over an extended period of time

D)Use of anti-inflammatory medication

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13

Chapter 12: Surgical Interventions and Postoperative Management

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20 Verified Questions

20 Flashcards

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Sample Questions

Q1) Active ROM is not possible at a joint that has undergone:

A)Arthrodesis.

B)Arthroplasty.

C)Synovectomy.

D)Osteotomy.

Q2) Which of the following is correct about a tendon transfer versus a tendon realignment procedure?

A)A tendon realignment procedure, such as realignment of the extensor mechanism of the knee, not only alters the line of pull of the quadriceps, but it also alters the action of the quadriceps.

B)A tendon transfer from one bony surface of a joint to the opposite bony surface of the same joint changes the action of the muscle.

C)After tendon realignment or transfer, the muscle-tendon unit is immobilized in a lengthened position to prevent contracture.

D)Tendon transfer cannot be done to adjacent soft tissue but, rather, must be done to a different bony surface.

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Chapter 13: Peripheral Nerve Disorders and Management

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15 Verified Questions

15 Flashcards

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Sample Questions

Q1) Your patient sustained a traumatic injury to his shoulder 3 weeks ago.You have been treating him because of decreased shoulder ROM and strength and general lack of functional reaching and overhead use of the upper extremity.Today he reports that he has been experiencing increased pain, swelling, and stiffness of his hand.What can you conclude?

A)These signs are the result of a thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS); begin treating this region as well.

B)The patient is possibly developing complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS); treatment should be initiated to reduce swelling, maintain range, and increase use of the hand.

C)These signs are a normal reaction to trauma; it is important to tell the patient he is engaging in too much activity.

D)These are signs of a possible clot; immediately send him to the emergency room.

Q2) The pain associated with CRPS characteristically is:

A)Entirely psychogenic and responsive to antidepressants.

B)Intermittent and related to body and head position.

C)Out of proportion to the report of history of injury or precipitating event.

D)Always responsive to modalities, primarily cold and electrical stimulation.

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Chapter 14: The Spine: Structure, Function, and Posture

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16 Verified Questions

16 Flashcards

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Sample Questions

Q1) Postural stability of the spine is provided by:

A)Elasticity of passive restraints.

B)Interaction of passive restraints and muscle control.

C)Interaction of muscle control modulated by the central nervous system and passive restraints.

D)Muscle activity maintaining balance in the neutral zone.

Q2) Your patient describes having cervical and upper thoracic pain progressing throughout the day at work where she works by reaching forward and overhead on an assembly line.On evaluation you determine she is experiencing "stretch weakness" from prolonged postural positioning.The treatment program you design should primarily include all of the following except:

A)Posture training for safe body mechanics.

B)Muscular endurance and strengthening.

C)Stretching for the involved postural muscles.

D)Environmental adaptations for ergonomic relief and protection.

Q3) The anterior pillar of the spine:

A)Consists of the vertebral bodies and the vertebral arches.

B)Includes the sternum and the 12 pairs of ribs.

C)Is the weight-bearing portion of the spinal column.

D)Provides the gliding mechanism for movement.

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Chapter 15: The Spine: Management Guidelines

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Sample Questions

Q1) All resistive flexion and extension activities and exercises are contraindicated when there is an acute disk lesion because:

A)They cause increased pain.

B)They cause swelling of the nucleus against pain-sensitive structures.

C)They increase the intradiscal pressure.

D)Resisted extension is all right-but not flexion because it increases the bulge.

Q2) All of the following are techniques to increase temporomandibular joint (TMJ) motion except:

A)Place tongue blades between the front teeth and progressively adding more as tolerated.

B)Place your thumb and index finger against the patient's incisors or molars and press the mandible caudally.

C)Teach self-manipulation of the joints by placing dental rolls between the patient's molars and asking him to bite down while attempting to close the front teeth.

D)Instruct the patient to chew gum for at least 10 minutes, three times a day to build endurance.

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17

Chapter 16: The Spine: Exercise and Manipulation

Interventions

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Sample Questions

Q1) Positional traction is used to:

A)Allow the patient to relax the musculature and therefore get greater separation of the vertebrae.

B)Isolate a passive distraction stretch to a specific facet.

C)Substitute for mechanical traction when a traction unit is not available.

D)Apply traction when the therapist is not strong enough to apply a sufficient amount of manual traction.

Q2) Your patient is in the chronic phase of healing with decreased ROM of C4-5 resulting in activity restrictions related to flexion and rotation of her head.You perform a spinal manipulation technique consisting of small amplitude oscillations for 1-2 minutes that go through the restrictive joint barrier with a goal to improve her joint ROM.What grade of manipulation will you document?

A)Grade II

B)Grade III

C)Grade IV

D)Grade V

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18

Chapter 17: The Shoulder and Shoulder Girdle

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Sample Questions

Q1) Your patient exhibits a forward head posture and excessive thoracic kyphosis.Considering the muscles that typically are weak with this faulty posture, which of the following muscles of the shoulder girdle are most important to strengthen?

A)Pectoralis minor and levator scapulae

B)Serratus anterior and levator scapulae

C)Upper and lower trapezius and serratus anterior

D)Upper and lower trapezius and pectoralis minor

Q2) Results of numerous outcome studies have demonstrated that the most predictable outcome after shoulder arthroplasty is:

A)Increased active shoulder ROM.

B)Increased shoulder-joint stability.

C)Pain relief.

D)Improved function of the rotator cuff mechanism.

Q3) Which of the following functional activities should a patient avoid for the longest period of time after rTSA?

A)Reaching overhead

B)Hugging with both arms

C)Reaching into abduction in the plane of the scapula at a drive-through window

D)Fastening a bra behind the back

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Page 19

Chapter 18: The Elbow and Forearm Complex

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Sample Questions

Q1) You are modifying a home exercise program for a patient recovering from an episode of medial epicondylitis.Although pain has subsided, there is evidence of mild limitation of motion and pain when the involved muscle-tendon unit is placed on a stretch and overpressure is applied at the end of the available ROM.To fully lengthen the muscle-tendon unit typically involved in medial epicondylitis, have the patient perform a self-stretch by using the opposite hand to:

A)Flex and ulnarly deviate the wrist and flex the fingers while the elbow is extended and the forearm is pronated.

B)Flex and radially deviate the wrist and flex the fingers while the elbow is extended and the forearm is supinated.

C)Extend and ulnarly deviate the wrist and extend the fingers while the elbow is extended and the forearm is pronated.

D)Extend and radially deviate the wrist and extend the fingers while the elbow is extended and the forearm is supinated.

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Chapter 19: The Wrist and Hand

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Sample Questions

Q1) A patient with RA of the hands and wrists is experiencing an acute flare of the disease.To protect the inflamed joints and minimize deforming forces on the hands and wrists, you should teach the patient to:

A)Avoid all activities with the hands until there is no pain.

B)Avoid strong gripping motions that require wrist extension, radial deviation of the wrist, and ulnar deviation of the fingers.

C)Exercise the hands in functional ways such as wringing out a dishrag under warm water.

D)Stretch the extrinsic finger tendons across all the joints simultaneously to gain mobility and counter contractures.

Q2) Prerequisites for successful PIP arthroplasty include all of the following except:

A)Adequate bone stock.

B)No history of chronic synovitis.

C)Intact neurovascular system.

D)Functioning flexor/extensor mechanism.

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Chapter 20: The Hip

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Sample Questions

Q1) In an elderly patient, which of the following types of hip fracture is managed most often with hemireplacement of the hip (hemiarthroplasty)?

A)Noncomminuted intertrochanteric fracture

B)Displaced subcapital (intracapsular) fracture

C)Unstable subtrochanteric fracture

D)Hemiarthroplasty is equally indicated for intracapsular and extracapsular fractures.

Q2) Hip flexor structural or functional impairment will result in a change in the normal gait cycle.The therapist should suspect hip flexor dysfunction when observing gait and noting a:

A)Lengthened stride.

B)Posterior lurch of the trunk at foot contact.

C)Lateral shift of the trunk over the stance leg when the opposite leg swings.

D)Forward flexion of the trunk during weight bearing.

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Chapter 21: The Knee

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Sample Questions

Q1) Which of the following is true about ligament injuries of the knee and post-injury management?

A)The most common mechanism of injury of the ACL is forceful internal rotation of the tibia while the foot is planted.

B)Under similar noncontact conditions, a man is far more likely to injure the ACL than a woman.

C)MCL injuries are managed nonoperatively more often than are ACL, posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), or LCL injuries.

D)Forceful hyperextension of the knee is the most common mechanism of injury of the PCL.

Q2) A patient with a history of recurrent dislocation of the patella underwent a surgical procedure for realignment of the extensor mechanism.Considering the position of immobilization postoperatively, you would expect to find each of the following impairments when it is permissible to begin exercises except:

A)Lack of full or almost full passive knee extension.

B)Quadriceps (extensor) lag.

C)Lack of full knee flexion.

D)Weakness of the quadriceps and hamstrings.

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Page 23

Chapter 22: The Ankle and Foot

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Sample Questions

Q1) Your uncle called you last night after playing three games in a softball tournament yesterday.He indicated that late in the third game while trying to stretch a double into a triple, he felt a sudden sharp pain in his calf, which significantly interfered with his ability to continue running.He is able to move his foot "up and down," but both motions are painful.He is also able to walk if he "takes it slow." From the information your uncle gave you and the fact that he is a 42-year-old weekend warrior, your preliminary hypothesis is that your uncle may have sustained a(n):

A)Fracture of the tibia.

B)Achilles tendon rupture.

C)Plantaris rupture.

D)Syndesmosis injury.

Q2) Which one of the following ligaments of the ankle is most frequently stressed with an inversion sprain?

A)Posterior talofibular

B)Anterior talofibular

C)Calcaneofibular

D)Deltoid

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Page 24

Chapter 23: Advanced Functional Training

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Sample Questions

Q1) When designing an exercise program to return a patient to his/her prior functional level, each of the following guidelines is true except:

A)Proximal stability is a requirement for controlled distal mobility.

B)Coordinated segmental and global stability of the spine is needed for execution of functional tasks with safe body mechanics.

C)Stability of each joint is necessary for effective function of the extremities.

D)Exercises for strength and power should precede balance and stability exercises.

Q2) An exercise program that is designed to train the neuromuscular system to react quickly for activities, sports, or occupations that require quick starts and stops consists of exercises in which of the following categories?

A)Open-chain kinetic

B)Isokinetic

C)Plyometric

D)Stretch-lengthening drills

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25

Chapter 24: Exercise in the Older Adult

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Sample Questions

Q1) Standardized testing should be used with all patients to establish a baseline for initiation of activities.The design of an exercise program for the older adult should include performance of specific tests to measure performance levels and tolerance for activities.Which of the following will provide a measure of self-perceived intensity of exercise based on level of exertion?

A)Fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX

B)Timed-up-and-Go test (TUG)

C)Stopping Elderly Accidents, Deaths, & Injuries tool (STEADI)

D)Borg scale of perceived exertion

Q2) Which of the following combinations of activities best describes a balanced multidimensional exercise program designed for the older adult to emphasize healthy living?

A)Passive range of motion (PROM), ambulation, resistance training with less than 5 pounds for the arms and less than 10 pounds for the legs

B)Low-impact aerobics, water resistance exercises, active range of motion (AROM)

C)Aerobics, flexibility, strengthening, balance

D)Unweighted rowing, bicycling, neutral incline treadmill walking

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Chapter 25: Womens Health: Obstetrics and Pelvic Floor

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Sample Questions

Q1) Which of the following is true about sacroiliac (SI) joint pain experienced during pregnancy?

A)Pain often radiates from the buttock region distally to the foot.

B)Asymmetrical lower extremity weight-bearing activities aggravate the pain.

C)Resting on a soft support surface typically alleviates the pain.

D)Hypomobility of the SI joint typically is evident.

Q2) During pregnancy, in which direction does the center of gravity of the body move?

A)Superior and posterior

B)Superior and anterior

C)Inferior and posterior

D)Inferior and anterior

Q3) Which of the following is a true statement about diastasis recti?

A)It affects function of only the rectus abdominis muscle.

B)It is characterized by a separation of abdominal muscles at the linea alba.

C)Corrective exercise is recommended if the diastasis is greater than 1 cm.

D)The etiology during pregnancy is well understood.

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Chapter 26: Management of Lymphatic Disorders

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Sample Questions

Q1) Each of the following is true about a comprehensive exercise program for lymphatic drainage except:

A)Exercises are performed in a specific sequence, exercising proximal muscle groups before distal muscle groups.

B)If lymphedema is unilateral, exercises are performed with the noninvolved extremity before the involved extremity.

C)Many of the active exercises of the involved limb(s) are performed with the limb(s) elevated above the heart.

D)Each exercise for the involved limb(s) should be performed until the patient feels an aching in the exercising muscles to ensure a training effect.

Q2) Which of the following factors associated with breast cancer surgery and adjuvant therapy is least likely to contribute to impaired shoulder mobility?

A)Incisional pain

B)Chemotherapy

C)Fibrosis of tissues in the axillary area as the result of radiation therapy

D)Increased thoracic kyphosis related to incisional pain or age

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