

Physical Geography
Chapter Exam Questions

Course Introduction
Physical Geography explores the natural processes and features of the Earth's surface, including landforms, climate, vegetation, soils, and water bodies. The course examines how these physical elements interact to shape the environment, influence ecosystems, and impact human activities. Students will gain an understanding of geomorphology, weather and climate patterns, biogeography, hydrology, and Earth systems, with attention to both global patterns and regional variations. Emphasis is placed on observation, analysis, and interpretation of spatial patterns and environmental change, equipping students with foundational knowledge for environmental studies and geographic inquiry.
Recommended Textbook
Introduction to Contemporary Geography 1st Edition by James M. Rubenstein
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14 Chapters
1092 Verified Questions
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Chapter 1: Thinking Geographically
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Sample Questions
Q1) A characteristic of a region need not be universal for it to define a ________ region.
A) formal region
B) vernacular region
C) functional region
D) structural region
E) strategic region
Answer: A
Q2) For as long as we can remember, maps have been used to help explain where things are found.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Which of the following statements is NOT true of latitudes?
A) Another name for a line of latitude is a parallel
B) Latitudes never cross paths
C) The equator is latitude 0 and the North Pole is latitude 90
D) The North Pole is latitude 0 and the South Pole is Latitude 180
E) None of the answer choices are correct.
Answer: D
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Page 3

Chapter 2: Weather, Climate, and Climate Change
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Sample Questions
Q1) In these zones, high solar elevation angles occur throughout the year, and this makes ________ consistently warm.
A) the tropics
B) the prime meridian
C) windward sides of mountains
D) midlatitudes
E) the jet stream
Answer: A
Q2) The angle at which solar radiation strikes a particular place at any point in time is referred to as solar day.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Hurricanes' greatest threat to humans is in tropical and subtropical coastal areas, on the eastern margins of the continents and in southern Asia.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 3: Landforms
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Sample Questions
Q1) Glaciers can act erratically; for many years, a glacier may move only a few yards/year, then for a few years it may suddenly surge forward at several hundreds to thousands of feet/year, before slowing again.
A)True
B)False Answer: True
Q2) Explosive volcanoes that cause death and destruction are more likely to be composite cone volcanoes.
A)True
B)False Answer: True
Q3) The most recent glacial advance reached its maximum around ________ ago.
A) 800,000 years ago
B) 400,000 years
C) 100,000 years
D) 50,000 years
E) 20,000 years
Answer: E
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Chapter 4: Biosphere
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Sample Questions
Q1) This is the amount of water that would be evaporated if it were available.
A) Potential evapotranspiration
B) Potential evaporation
C) Actual Evaporation
D) Actual Evapotranspiration
E) Desired evaporation
Q2) Which of the following soils is more likely to be found in an area of high rainfall and high temperatures?
A) histosols
B) aridisols
C) alfisols
D) oxisols
E) mollisols
Q3) What factors have led to changes in the environment of the Mississippi delta?
Q4) Desertification, a process by which semiarid vegetation and soil become more desert-like as a result of human use, has occurred in semiarid lands around the world.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Briefly describe the hydrologic cycle.
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Chapter 5: Population
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is true of a population pyramid?
A) It shows a country's population by age and gender
B) It shows a country's population by sex and height
C) It shows a country's population by education and gender
D) It shows a country's population by education and income level
E) It shows a country's population by gender and income
Q2) In Egypt, the large difference between the physiological density and arithmetic density indicates that most of the country's land is suitable for intensive agriculture.
A)True
B)False
Q3) North America is one of the top four global population clusters.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following is a possible reason for a decline in birth rates?
A) improved education
B) improved health care
C) access to birth control
D) gender equality
E) all of the above
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Chapter 6: Migration
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Sample Questions
Q1) Compare inclusionary to exclusionary immigration policies.
Q2) The number of international tourists has ________ during the last two decades. A) remained the same
B) shrunk
C) more than doubled
D) more than quadrupled
E) increased ten-fold
Q3) The political causes of forced migration are typically ________.
A) armed con ict or discrimination
B) rigged elections
C) one party rule and a strong leader
D) famine and deforestation
E) mutual distrust by rival clans
Q4) One way of imposing a inclusionary policy is through government issued visas that require a migrant to gain permission to enter a country before arriving there.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Briefly examine the role of tourism in the global economy.
Q6) How is interregional migration different from intraregional migration?
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Languages and Religion
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an ethnic religion?
A) Judaism
B) Islam
C) Christianity
D) Buddhism
E) Sikhism
Q2) The Indo-European family is divided into eight branches. Which of these is the largest of the eight branches?
A) Indo-Aryan
B) Germanic
C) Romance
D) Balto-Slavic
E) Celtic
Q3) Briefly discuss the global distribution of English.
Q4) In Belgium, language boundary sharply divides the country into two regions: Southern Belgians speak French and northern Belgians speak Flemish.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What is a lingua franca?
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Chapter 8: Political Geography
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Sample Questions
Q1) This is a process in which a more powerful ethnic group forcibly removes a less powerful one in order to create an ethnically homogeneous region.
A) Irredentism
B) Ethnic cleansing
C) Nationalism
D) Jihad
E) Centrifugalism
Q2) The al-Qaeda terrorist network has been implicated in several anti-U.S. terrorist attacks since 2003.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Saddam Hussein, the leader of the al-Qaeda terrorist network, was killed by a U.S. SEAL team in Pakistan.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The population of Kosovo is more than 90 percent ethnic Serbian, but Albania claims it as part of its territory.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) Compare and contrast the economic structures of developed and developing countries.
Q2) During the 1950s people lived on average more than two decades longer in developed countries than in developing ones. In the twenty-first century, the gap is ________.
A) less than 5 years
B) less than 10 years
C) less than 15 years
D) still the same
E) increased to 30 years
Q3) In which of the following categories of jobs does manufacturing fall?
A) primary
B) secondary
C) tertiary
D) quadutiary
E) special
Q4) To promote development, poor countries typically follow one of two models. Briefly describe them.
Q5) Discuss the role of access to health care in development.
Q6) How is access to knowledge or education important to development?
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Food and Agriculture
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Sample Questions
Q1) Pigs are especially scarce in ________ regions, such as southwestern Asia and northern Africa.
A) predominantly poor
B) predominantly Hindu
C) predominantly Muslim
D) predominantly Baptist
E) predominantly rich
Q2) Globally, East Asia produces more fish that any other region.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In which of the following regions is shifting cultivation a prominent form of agriculture?
A) South Asia
B) East Asia
C) North Africa
D) Sub-Saharan Africa
E) Central America
Q4) Explain, with examples around the world, how the environment influences food choices and preferences.
Q5) What is plantation agriculture and where are plantations typically found?
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Industry
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following countries is not one of the top global producers of cotton yarn?
A) China
B) India
C) Pakistan
D) Mexico
E) Argentina
Q2) China's steel industry has grown in spite of a lack of access to the primary inputs of iron ore and coal.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Just-in-time delivery means that producers have less inventory to cushion against disruptions in the arrival of needed parts.
A)True
B)False
Q4) If products are more expensive to transport than inputs, the optimal location for a factory is near the source of inputs.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Services and Settlements
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Sample Questions
Q1) New York's population swelled with the arrival of millions of immigrants, especially during:
A) the Second World War
B) the First World War
C) the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries
D) the late seventeenth and early nineteenth centuries
E) the last 30 years
Q2) Ancient Memphis, in Egypt, may have been the first settlement to exceed 30,000 inhabitants around 5,000 years ago.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Generally, if the settlement hierarchy does not graph as a straight line, then the society does not have:
A) an urbanized enough population
B) a rank-size distribution of settlements
C) enough cities for the people to have a good standard of living
D) any problems with crime and homelessness
E) a migration problem
Q4) Briefly discuss clustered circular rural settlements.
Q5) What is the market area of a service and why is it important?
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Chapter 13: Urban Patterns
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Sample Questions
Q1) A shopping mall is built by a developer, who buys the land, builds the structures, and leases space to merchants. The key to a successful large shopping mall is the inclusion of one or more ________.
A) anchors
B) tall buildings
C) food vendors
D) clothing stores
E) government services
Q2) Many residents of the dreary downtown of European cities are persons of color or recent immigrants from Africa or Asia, who face discrimination and prejudice by "native" Europeans.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What are some of the characteristics of suburban retail?
Q4) What is gentrification and what are some of the drivers of gentrification?
Q5) In Florida, the city of Miami and surrounding Dade County have combined some services, but the city boundaries have not been changed to match those of the county.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 14: Resources
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Sample Questions
Q1) The greatest nuclear catastrophe to date occurred in 1976, in a nuclear power plant at Verkoyansk, in central Siberia, Russia (which was, at that time, part of the Soviet Union).
A)True
B)False
Q2) Much more original forest remains in the U.S. than in Canada, especially in the north and west.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Government regulators are often forbidden from taking market principles into account when deciding how to manage resources.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Conservation is the maintenance of resources in their present condition, with as little human impact as possible.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Differentiate between point and nonpoint sources of water pollution.
Q6) What are the main components of urban air pollution?
Page 16
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