Pharmacy Physiology Test
Questions
Course Introduction
Pharmacy Physiology is a foundational course that explores the normal functions of the human bodys organ systems with an emphasis on their relevance to pharmacy practice. Students learn about the physiological mechanisms underlying key processes such as nerve and muscle function, cardiovascular regulation, renal function, respiration, digestion, endocrine signaling, and homeostasis. The course highlights the interrelationship between these systems and prepares students to understand how drugs interact with physiological processes, providing a critical basis for future courses in pharmacology and therapeutics.
Recommended Textbook
Vanders Human Physiology 12th Edition by Eric Widmaier
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19 Chapters
1736 Verified Questions
1736 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Homeostasis: a Framework for Human Physiology
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64 Verified Questions
64 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements about biological rhythms is correct?
A)Menstrual cycles are examples of circadian rhythms
B)Circadian rhythms are driven by pacemakers entrained by light and dark cycles
C)Jet lag is a result of desynchronization of the internal clock from external time cues
D)Both menstrual cycles are examples of circadian rhythms and circadian rhythms are driven by pacemakers entrained by light and dark cycles are correct
E)Both circadian rhythms are driven by pacemakers entrained by light and dark cycles and jet lag is a result of desynchronization of the internal clock from external time cues are correct
Answer: E
Q2) Differentiation is necessary before a cell can exchange material with its environment.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) _________________ is a chemical released by axon terminals into the bloodstream.
Answer: Neurohormone
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Chapter 2: Chemical Composition of the Body
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78 Verified Questions
78 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The symbol \(\rightarrow\) indicates that the process is (reversible/irreversible).
Answer: reversible
Q2) What is the atomic mass of Na?
Answer: 23
Q3) Protein conformation is
A)Independent of the sequence of subunits forming the protein
B)Dependent upon a combination of covalent and noncovalent bonds
C)Affected by interactions with water molecules
D)Independent of the sequence of subunits forming the protein and affected by interactions with water molecules
E)Dependent upon a combination of covalent and noncovalent bonds and affected by interactions with water molecules
Answer: E
Q4) Important mineral elements in the body include Na,Ca and K.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q5) What is the atomic mass of H?
Answer: 1
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Chapter 3: Cellular Structure, Proteins, and Metabolism
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161 Verified Questions
161 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When a chemical reaction is at equilibrium
A)The rate of the reaction in one direction is equal to the rate in the reverse direction
B)The concentration of the reactants is equal to the concentration of the products
C)The ratio of reactants to products varies according to the amount of energy released in one direction
D)The rate of the reaction in one direction is equal to the rate in the reverse direction and the concentration of the reactants is equal to the concentration of the products occur
E)The rate of the reaction in one direction is equal to the rate in the reverse direction and the ratio of reactants to products varies according to the amount of energy released in one direction occur
Answer: E
Q2) Sugar can be stored as fat,but fat cannot be stored (completely)as sugar.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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5
Chapter 4: Movement of Molecules Across Cell Membranes
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84 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Endocytosis of any kind requires metabolic energy.
A)True
B)False
Q2) At any given time it is possible to see endocytotic vesicles docked to intracellular organelles such as those which may receive their contents for modification,synthesis,packaging and then release.Which organelle would be most likely to be involved in this process as a destination for a transport vesicle formed for this purpose along the plasma membrane?
A)Golgi apparatus
B)Peroxisome
C)Lysosome
D)Mitochondrion
E)Ribosome
Q3) The luminal side of an epithelial cell is also known as the basolateral side.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In general,polar molecules diffuse more rapidly across cell membranes than do nonpolar molecules.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Control of Cells by Chemical Messengers
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36 Verified Questions
36 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A ligand that is an effective agonist for a chemical messenger
A)May have a higher affinity than the messenger for the messenger's receptor
B)May achieve 50 percent saturation of the messenger's receptor at a lower concentration than that required by the messenger
C)Does not couple to the binding site of the messenger's receptor
D)Both may have a higher affinity than the messenger for the messenger's receptor and may achieve 50 percent saturation of the messenger's receptor at a lower concentration than that required by the messenger are correct
E)All of the choices are correct
Q2) Cells can control their responsiveness to external chemical regulators by
A)Increasing the number of their transmembrane receptors by exocytosis
B)Decreasing the number of their transmembrane receptors by endocytosis
C)Uncoupling their receptors from the second message generator
D)Both increasing the number of their transmembrane receptors by exocytosis and decreasing the number of their transmembrane receptors by endocytosis are correct
E)Both decreasing the number of their transmembrane receptors by endocytosis and uncoupling their receptors from the second message generator are correct
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Chapter 6: Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the
Nervous
System
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128 Verified Questions
128 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is arranged so that it acts largely as a unit,whereas the components of the parasympathetic division generally act independently.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Because so many Na ions move into a cell during an action potential and so many K ions move out,no further action potentials can be generated in a given membrane until the Na,K-ATPase pumps can restore the concentration gradient.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Synthesis of neuropeptides differs from that of other neurotransmitters because it
A)Takes place in the axon terminals of neurons
B)Takes place in the cell bodies of neurons
C)Involves synthesis of precursor molecules
D)Both takes place in the axon terminals of neurons and involves synthesis of precursor molecules are correct
E)Both takes place in the cell bodies of neurons and involves synthesis of precursor molecules are correct
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Chapter 7: Sensory Physiology
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94 Verified Questions
94 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Indicate whether Pacinian corpuscles are
A)mechanoreceptors
B)chemoreceptors
C)both mechanoreceptors and chemoreceptors
D)neither mechanoreceptors nor chemoreceptors
Q2) A common neurotransmitter for afferent neurons carrying information about pain is prostaglandin.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The phenomenon of referred pain may occur because the ascending pathways for pain are not completely specific with respect to localization of the pain receptor.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following statements with regard to vision is false?
A)Photoreceptors are neurons
B)There are four different photoreceptors in the retina
C)There are four different photopigments in the retina
D)There are four types of chromophores in the retina
E)There are four types of opsin in the retina
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Chapter 8: Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior
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78 Verified Questions
78 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) EEG arousal is the recording of brain activity of someone who has just been awakened from sleep.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Habituation to a stimulus
A)Is due to receptor fatigue
B)Is a result of decreased neurotransmitter release secondary to decreased calcium influx at synaptic terminals
C)Can be overcome by a stronger stimulus of the same type
D)Both is due to receptor fatigue and can be overcome by a stronger stimulus of the same type are correct
E)Both is a result of decreased neurotransmitter release secondary to decreased calcium influx at synaptic terminals and can be overcome by a stronger stimulus of the same type are correct
Q3) Working memory is labile and can be lost in response to any condition that interrupts electrical activity of the brain.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Muscle
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102 Verified Questions
102 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An action potential in the motor end plate rapidly spreads to the central portions of a muscle cell by means of the
A)Z lines
B)Sarcoplasmic reticulum
C)H zone
D)Transverse tubules
E)Pores in the plasma membrane
Q2) During an isometric contraction of a skeletal muscle,
A)The I bands shorten and the A bands stay the same length
B)The thick and thin filaments slide past each other
C)Sarcomere length does not change
D)Both the I bands shorten and the A bands stay the same length and the thick and thin filaments slide past each other take place
E)None of the choices happen
Q3) Characteristics of oxidative fibers include numerous mitochondria,abundant myoglobin and large stores of glycogen.
A)True
B)False
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11
Chapter 10: Control of Body Movement
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52 Verified Questions
52 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The cyclic pattern of movement that results in walking is
A)"wired in" at the level of the brain stem and spinal cord
B)Controlled by central pattern generators
C)Independent of control from higher brain areas
D)"wired in" at the level of the brain stem and spinal cord and controlled by central pattern generators
E)"wired in" at the level of the brain stem and spinal cord and independent of control from higher brain areas
Q2) Motor neurons which innervate skeletal muscle fibers are subject to the summative effects of interneurons firing either excitatory,inhibitory or both kinds of neurotransmitters simultaneously.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Information from the muscle-spindle stretch receptors is not conveyed above the level of the spinal cord and thus does not reach consciousness.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: The Endocrine System
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101 Verified Questions
101 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A precursor of cortisol is cholesterol.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Rapidly acting chemical regulators generally
A)Bind to receptor proteins in the nucleus of target cells
B)Are polar
C)Activate plasma-membrane-associated receptors
D)Both bind to receptor proteins in the nucleus of target cells and are polar are correct
E)Both are polar and activate plasma-membrane-associated receptors are correct
Q3) In the absence of thyroid hormone,epinephrine stimulates release of a small amount of fatty acids from adipose cells.In the presence of thyroid hormone (which has no effect by itself),epinephrine causes a much more substantial release of fatty acids from the cells.The effect of thyroid hormone on epinephrine's actions is called
A)Antagonistic
B)Agonistic
C)Permissive
D)Direct
E)Paracrine
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13
Chapter 12: Cardiovascular Physiology
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136 Verified Questions
136 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The left ventricle has to pump more blood than the right ventricle because the left ventricle has to pump blood through the whole body,not just the pulmonary system.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A failing heart does not respond to increased end-diastolic volume by increasing stroke volume.
A)True B)False
Q3) Cardiac output is the
A)Volume of blood pumped per minute by both ventricles
B)Volume of blood flowing through the systemic circulation each minute
C)Product of the number of heartbeats per minute and the volume pumped per beat
D)Both volume of blood pumped per minute by both ventricles and product of the number of heartbeats per minute and the volume pumped per beat are correct
E)Both volume of blood flowing through the systemic circulation each minute and product of the number of heartbeats per minute and the volume pumped per beat are correct
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14
Chapter 13: Respiratory Physiology
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91 Verified Questions
91 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In a normal person at rest,the part of the respiratory cycle in which no air is flowing through the airways and the respiratory muscles are relaxed is at the end of inhalation/inspiration,prior to exhalation/expiration.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Deoxyhemoglobin binds bicarbonate ion better than oxyhemoglobin does.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The process of ventilation includes both the transport of gases by bulk flow and the diffusion of gases into and out of the blood.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Doubling the rate of breathing will cause a greater increase in alveolar ventilation than will doubling the depth of inspiration.
A)True
B)False
Q5) During inhalation/inspiration,the total alveolar volume decreases.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 14: The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions
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113 Verified Questions
113 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A substance that interferes with the active transport of sodium in the cortical collecting ducts will also interfere with potassium reabsorption.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In the absence of vasopressin,urine is isosmotic with plasma.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The composition of the glomerular filtrate
A)Is identical to that of blood plasma
B)Is identical to that of urine
C)Changes as the filtrate passes through the tubule
D)Is both is identical to that of blood plasma and is identical to that of urine
E)Is both is identical to that of blood plasma and changes as the filtrate passes through the tubule
Q4) Large amounts of protein in a person's urine indicate that the person is eating a high-protein diet.
A)True
B)False
16
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Chapter 15: The Digestion and Absorption of Food
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101 Verified Questions
101 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The function of micelles is to store the products of lipid digestion in water-soluble form.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Gastrointestinal function depends upon each of the following processes except
A)Digestion
B)Filtration
C)Secretion
D)Motility
E)Absorption
Q3) Which of the following statements about gastrin is true?
A)It is a hormone that is secreted by cells in the epithelium of the duodenum
B)It is an enzyme that is secreted into the lumen of the stomach
C)It is a hormone that is secreted in response to sympathetic stimulation
D)It is an enzyme that breaks down proteins
E)It is a hormone that is secreted in response to the presence of peptides in the stomach
Q4) Polysaccharides must be broken down to disaccharides in order to be absorbed.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 16: Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance
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88 Verified Questions
88 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Insulin is a satiety signal that suppresses appetite,whereas glucagon stimulates appetite.
A)True B)False
Q2) Most of the glucose stored after a high-carbohydrate meal is stored in the form of glycogen.
A)True
B)False
Q3) When total-body energy balance is positive in an adult,energy is being stored as fat. A)True B)False
Q4) The calorigenic effect of thyroid hormones refers to their effect in increasing the rate at which the body synthesizes protein and fat. A)True B)False
Q5) During the absorptive state,the body makes use of stored nutrients for energy. A)True B)False
18
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Chapter 17: Reproduction
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123 Verified Questions
123 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) If an egg (ovum)is present in the uterine tube,fertilization is promoted only after several hours of capacitation have passed for sperm cells.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The secretory phase of the menstrual cycle
A)Corresponds to the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle
B)Refers to the endocrine function of the endometrium
C)Requires both estrogen and progesterone
D)Both corresponds to the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle and refers to the endocrine function of the endometrium are correct
E)Both corresponds to the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle and requires both estrogen and progesterone are correct
Q3) Prostaglandins were given their name because they are secreted in high concentration into semen by the prostate gland.
A)True
B)False
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19
Chapter 18: The Immune System
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69 Verified Questions
69 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements regarding phagocytes and phagocytosis is true?
A)Macrophages, monocytes, and mast cells are phagocytes
B)Contact of phagocytes with microbes stimulates the phagocytes to release chemicals that stimulate the inflammatory response
C)Phagocytosis is stimulated by the presence of proteins called rhodopsins
D)Both macrophages, monocytes, and mast cells are phagocytes and contact of phagocytes with microbes stimulates the phagocytes to release chemicals that stimulate the inflammatory response are true
E)All of the choices are true
Q2) Complement
A)Is the name of a specific family of proteins that interact in a defined, complex sequence
B)Is secreted by lymphocytes
C)Enhances antibody activity
D)Both is the name of a specific family of proteins that interact in a defined, complex sequence and enhances antibody activity are correct
E)All of the choices are correct
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Chapter 19: Medical Physiology: Integration Using Clinical Cases
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37 Verified Questions
37 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Seldom does a disease state related to human physiology have associated effects on more than one of the major organ systems at the same time.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Bruits are audible sounds heard in a stethoscope when
A)Listening to the breath sounds of a patient
B)Monitoring the flow of blood through an occluded carotid artery
C)The enlarged thyroid gland rises and falls during deglutition
D)Listening to the opening and closing of the mitral valve
E)Blood passes through the radial artery during pulse counts
Q3) Treatments for hyperthyroidism all involve reduction of the thyroid hormone levels.Which of those listed below is the most likely to do so by interfering with the synthesis of TH without destroying viable thyroid gland tissue cells.
A)Radioactive nucleotide
B)Thyroidectomy
C)Propylthiouracil and methimazole
D)Beta-adrenergic receptor blockers
E)Anti-inflammatory glucocorticoids
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