Personality Psychology
Pre-Test Questions
Course Introduction
Personality Psychology explores the scientific study of personality, focusing on the patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that make individuals unique. This course examines major theoretical perspectives, such as trait, biological, psychoanalytic, humanistic, and social-cognitive approaches. Students will learn about personality assessment, development, and the role of genetics and environment. The course also addresses the implications of personality in real-world settings, including mental health, relationships, and workplace behavior, enabling students to understand both the diversity and consistency of human personality across different contexts.
Recommended Textbook
Personality Theories 9th Edition by Barbara
Engler
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
18 Chapters
1132 Verified Questions
1132 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/860
Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction Evaluating Personality Theories
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
63 Verified Questions
63 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/17070
Sample Questions
Q1) Who is most closely associated with the term paradigm as applied to scientific study?
A) Sigmund Freud
B) Thomas Kuhn
C) B. F. Skinner
D) Carl Rogers
Answer: B
Q2) Philosophical statements are ultimately tested by
A) rigorous experimentation.
B) perceptual observation.
C) empirical means.
D) their compellingness.
Answer: D
Q3) Because they refer to an extraordinary vision,philosophical statements are said to be
A) global.
B) comprehensive.
C) relevant.
D) epiphanic.
Answer: D
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 3
Chapter 2: Psychoanalysis Sigmund Freud
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
66 Verified Questions
66 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/17071
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following occurs during the genital stage?
A) Sexual energies are focused on reproduction.
B) Sexual impulses are inhibited as sexual energy is channeled through other outlets.
C) The company of same-sex peers is preferred.
D) The sexual drive becomes autoerotic.
Answer: A
Q2) What does the term libido refer to?
A) Repressed aggressive impulses
B) The energy derived from the sex drive
C) The physical component of sexuality
D) The term for "sexual intercourse" in German
Answer: B
Q3) The dream we remember in the morning is known as the ________ dream,whereas its underlying meaning is referred to as the ________ dream.
A) manifest; latent
B) primary; secondary
C) latent; manifest
D) secondary; primary
Answer: A
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 4
Chapter 3: Analytical Psychology Carl Jung
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
61 Verified Questions
61 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/17072
Sample Questions
Q1) The masculine side of the female psyche is the A) persona.
B) shadow.
C) anima.
D) animus.
Answer: D
Q2) "Too much of the animal distorts the civilized man," said Jung.What Jungian concept best illustrates this "animal" side of man?
A) The anima
B) The animus
C) The persona
D) The shadow
Answer: D
Q3) Compared to Freudian psychoanalysis,Jung's version of psychotherapy can be described as
A) less eclectic.
B) more clearly articulated.
C) more like a dialogue.
D) more time-consuming.
Answer: C
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 5
Chapter 4: Inter-psychic Theories Alfred Adler, Harry Stack
Sullivan
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
64 Verified Questions
64 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/17073
Sample Questions
Q1) Sullivan's stages of development resemble Freud's stages because they ________.Sullivan's stages differ from Freud's because they ________.
A) are biologically determined; focus on sexual relationships
B) are socially determined; focus on bodily zones
C) emphasize areas of the body; are socially determined
D) emphasize interpersonal relationships; are biologically determined
Q2) Explain how Adler's theories regarding the origins of inferiority feelings might lead to particular parenting recommendations,especially for parents of very young children.
Q3) When Tim moved to a new town,he experienced a desire to find others with whom he shared common interests and could join in with as friends.Adler would label Tim's desire as
A) fictional finalism.
B) anxiety.
C) style of life.
D) social interest.
Q4) Explain how interpsychic personality theories such as those of Adler and Sullivan lead to the practice of psychotherapy with families.
Q5) Evaluate Adler's theory in terms of its function as philosophy,science,and art.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 6
Chapter 5: Psychoanalytic Social Psychology Karen Horney
Erich Fromm
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
63 Verified Questions
63 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/17074
Sample Questions
Q1) Karen Horney and Erich Fromm departed from Freudian theory in that they both
A) emphasized the importance of social factors on personality development.
B) no longer practiced psychoanalysis.
C) persisted in stressing the intrapsychic aspects of personality.
D) explored the guilt feelings that result from sexual impulses.
Q2) The source of the lust for power that eventually leads to isolation and fear is the A) productive orientation.
B) receptive orientation.
C) being mode.
D) having mode.
Q3) A person whose basic orientation toward life is self-effacing is most likely to A) have an exaggerated need to exploit others.
B) have an exaggerated need for affection and approval.
C) need perfection.
D) have an exaggerated need for personal admiration.
Q4) Compare and contrast Freud's and Horney's theories of personality regarding women.
Q5) Explain how society shapes the fulfillment of our basic needs and leads to the development of character orientations.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 7
Chapter 6: Ego Analytic Psychology Anna Freud Erik Erikson
Dan McAdams
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
63 Verified Questions
63 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/17075
Sample Questions
Q1) Describe Dan McAdams' contributions to personality theory.
Q2) ___________ enhanced Erikson's theory of generativity versus stagnation by exploring the cultural demand for generativity.
A) Fromm
B) Chodorow
C) Rotter
D) McAdams
Q3) When an adolescent establishes a stable identity,the virtue or ego strength that emerges is
A) care.
B) competence.
C) fidelity.
D) love.
Q4) An individual who emerges successfully from one of Erikson's psychosocial stages develops a(n) ________ as a result.
A) developmental line
B) virtue
C) authoritative style
D) individuation
Page 8
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 7: Human Relations Object Relations Theory,
Relational-Cultural Theory
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
63 Verified Questions
63 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/17076
Sample Questions
Q1) Explain why the original group of relational-cultural theorists intentionally sought the perspective of minority and lesbian women.
Q2) Explain how the Stone Center group was influenced by Chodorow's observation that boundaries between mothers and daughters differ from boundaries between mothers and sons.
Q3) Five-year-old Yolanda has just lost a grandfather,whom she adored.A relational-cultural therapist would likely recommend that Yolanda be
A) encouraged to share her feelings with another person.
B) entertained and distracted from what happened.
C) permitted the space to grieve privately.
D) told that there is no reason for her to be sad or afraid.
Q4) Describe the neurobiological basis of relationships and relational-cultural theory.
Q5) Neuropsychological studies of brain activity have demonstrated that
A) the pain of social rejection is as real as physical pain.
B) social relationships are not essential for human well-being.
C) psychological healing involves shaping new neural pathways but does not involve changes in brain chemistry.
D) our brains are not "plastic" in response to environmental stimuli.
Page 9
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 8: Experimental Analysis of Behavior John Dollard and
Neal Miller BFSkinner
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
66 Verified Questions
66 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/17077
Sample Questions
Q1) The greatest difference between Freud's theory and Dollard and Miller's is that
A) unlike Freud, Dollard and Miller view anxiety as a core ingredient in neurosis.
B) unlike Freud, Dollard and Miller emphasized the importance of conflict.
C) unlike Freud, Dollard and Miller stressed learned motives.
D) unlike Dollard and Miller, Freud believed that unconscious factors underlie human behavior.
Q2) Explain why Skinner emphasized overt behavior and avoided developing a theory of personality.
Q3) Discuss Skinner's concept of behavior modification and explain how it has been successfully employed.
Q4) What did Skinner say about many of the constructs used to describe personality,such as the id,ego,and superego?
A) They are readily observed in everyday behavior.
B) They are unnecessary fictions.
C) They are helpful for describing internal states.
D) They correspond directly to biological structures in the brain.
Q5) Explain how Dollard and Miller have integrated learning theory and psychoanalysis.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 10
Chapter 9: Social Learning Theories Albert Bandura, Julian
Rotter, Walter Mischel
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
63 Verified Questions
63 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/17078
Sample Questions
Q1) Describe Bandura's contributions to behavior modification.
Q2) Andre sees a person put money into a soda machine,push the button to select a soda,and receive nothing.Andre decides to put his money into a different soda machine.Bandura would argue that _________ best explains Andre's behavior.
A) punishment
B) observational learning
C) positive reinforcement
D) negative reinforcement
Q3) Bandura has added the systematic use of ________ to the techniques of behavior modification as an aid to changing behaviors.
A) punishment
B) hypnosis
C) reinforcement
D) modeling
Q4) At work,Abby most experiences extrinsic motivation when she
A) feels fulfillment for a job well done.
B) has a sense of accomplishment after completing a major project.
C) is given a monetary bonus by her supervisor.
D) knows that she has performed according to her own high standards.
Page 11
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 10: Traits and Personology Gordon Allport Henry Murray
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
65 Verified Questions
65 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/17079
Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss Allport's definition of personality.
Q2) Allport would describe addictions and compulsive,repetitive activities with the term A) propriate functional autonomy.
B) propriate strivings.
C) perseverative functional autonomy.
D) perseverative strivings.
Q3) Murray defined a proceeding as a
A) mental process that enables us to develop strategies for coping.
B) plan for resolving interpersonal conflicts.
C) short, significant interaction that has a clear beginning and an ending.
D) succession of serials.
Q4) A psychologist is administering an assessment technique to a client.The psychologist shows the client cards with ambiguous scenes on them.The client makes up stories to go along with each card.This assessment technique is most likely the A) Rorschach Inkblot Technique.
B) Thematic Apperception Test.
C) Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory.
D) Myers-Briggs Type Indicator.
Page 12
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 11: Factor Analytic, Genetic and Evolutionary
Theories Raymond Cattell, The Big Five Personality Traits, Genetic and Evolutionary Developments
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
64 Verified Questions
64 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/17080
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements regarding genes,the brain,and personality is false?
A) The BDNF gene is associated with negative emotionality and impaired memory processes.
B) Better white matter integrity has been associated with the traits of openness and agreeableness.
C) White matter integrity is decreased and inferior in individuals with personality disorders such as borderline personality disorder.
D) The BDNF gene significantly influences white matter integrity in healthy patients as well as those diagnosed with personality disorders.
Q2) Explain the concept of heritability.
Q3) Cattell made a distinction between source traits and surface traits.In contemporary life,are people attracted to each other (for example,romantic relationships,friendships) on the basis of source traits or surface traits? What is the importance of this issue?
Q4) Discuss applications of the Big Five.
Q5) Discuss how evolutionary psychology influences personality theory.
Q6) Discuss applications of genetic research.
Page 13
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 12: Biological Traits Hans Eysenck
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
63 Verified Questions
63 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/17081
Sample Questions
Q1) Ryan experiences a very high level of fear when faced with unexpected or threatening stimuli.He is also generally anxious and rather neurotic.According to research by Jeffrey Gray,Ryan is likely to have
A) an overly sensitive behavioral approach system.
B) borderline personality disorder.
C) an overly sensitive behavioral inhibition system.
D) exposed himself excessively to technology such as the Internet and cell phones, which caused a rewiring of his brain.
Q2) When her parents took her to the opera for the first time,seven-year-old Lois stuck her fingers in her ears and kept them there the entire evening.In Eysenck's hierarchy,this behavior would be classified as a
A) basic type.
B) generalized response.
C) habitual response.
D) specific response.
Q3) Describe some of the applications of Eysenck's theory.
Q4) Evaluate Eysenck's theory in terms of its function as philosophy,science,and art.
Q5) Explain the methods Eysenck used to construct his model of personality.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 14
Chapter 13: Humanism Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/17082
Sample Questions
Q1) According to Rogers,the best way to understand an individual is through
A) his or her inner subjective experiences.
B) the use of psychometric tests.
C) the study of overt behavior.
D) the study of his or her environment.
Q2) What did Maslow find to be true about the self-actualizers he studied?
A) They could be described as perfect people.
B) They focused on ends rather than means.
C) They were serious to the point of being humorless.
D) They were self-centered.
Q3) Rogers contended that people use the defenses of ________ and ________ when their experiences appear to be inconsistent with their self-structure.
A) reaction formation; rationalization
B) sublimation; substitution
C) repression; resistance
D) denial; perceptual distortion
Q4) Explain why Maslow has been called the father of humanistic psychology.
Q5) How might a single activity,hobby,or profession simultaneously meet multiple needs on Maslow's needs hierarchy?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 15
Chapter 14: Existential Psychoanalysis Rollo May
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
63 Verified Questions
63 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/17083
Sample Questions
Q1) For what types of problems is existential psychotherapy most ideally suited? For which types of problems is it most poorly suited?
Q2) May believed that the central problem we faced in the second half of the twentieth century and the beginning of the twenty-first century is A) the increasing world population.
B) a pervasive feeling of powerlessness.
C) repressed sexuality.
D) environmental pollution.
Q3) How do May's concepts of freedom and destiny compare to the behavioral concept of utopia expressed in Skinner's Walden II?
Q4) Describe the four ontological assumptions May makes concerning human beings and explain how they can give us a structural basis for a science of personality.
Q5) Two major trends that Rollo May's work brings together are A) psychoanalysis and existentialism.
B) existentialism and cognitive theory.
C) learning theory and psychoanalysis.
D) learning theory and cognitive theory.
Q6) Discuss what is involved in rediscovering selfhood.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 16
Chapter 15: Personal Constructs George Kelly
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
58 Verified Questions
58 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/17084
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following psychological terms plays the most significant role in George Kelly's theory of personality?
A) Ego
B) Learning
C) The unconscious
D) Construct
Q2) Which of Kelly's corollaries explains why people sometimes employ constructs that are incompatible with each other?
A) Experience
B) Choice
C) Organization
D) Fragmentation
Q3) According to Kelly,the self-construct is based primarily on A) other people's expectations of us.
B) our drives and needs.
C) a perception of consistency in our own behavior.
D) an idealized concept of self.
Q4) To what extent do you agree with the notion in Kelly's fundamental postulate that the way we anticipate future events influences our experience and behavior?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 17
Chapter 16: Cognitive-Behavioral Theories Albert Ellis, Aaron Beck,
Arnold
Lazarus
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/17085
Sample Questions
Q1) Characteristically,an REBT therapist would be
A) an empathetic listener.
B) indirect.
C) subtle.
D) highly active.
Q2) Explain how,according to Ellis,people develop their own personal belief systems.
Q3) What does depression have to do with irrational thoughts? If you had a friend with depressive symptoms,how helpful do you think a cognitive or cognitive-behavioral therapist could be?
Q4) What is the "Third Wave" of behaviorism?
Q5) In Ellis's theory,cognitions,emotions,and behavior
A) are entirely distinct and separate.
B) are consistently interactional and transactional.
C) have little effect on one another.
D) are usually rational, appropriate, and constructive.
Q6) The goal of Ellis's REBT is to
A) understand the causes of pathological behavior.
B) remove the symptoms of pathological behavior.
Page 18
C) free individuals to develop their own constructive belief systems.
D) help individuals to live according to social and cultural norms.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 19
Chapter 17: Zen Buddhism
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/17086
Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the principle of dependent origination.
Q2) Discuss the five skandhas.Explain what it means to say that the self is empty.
Q3) According to the Buddha,there are three characteristics of existence,which can be described as
A) self, others, and earth.
B) impermanence, suffering, and nonself.
C) mind, body, and soul.
D) endurance, mindfulness, and self.
Q4) In Zen,bowing is an expression of
A) disguised superiority.
B) gratitude and respect.
C) disapproval.
D) worship.
Q5) An individual who has achieved the mental state of nirvana experiences
A) death.
B) no cravings or dualistic ideas.
C) increased intelligence.
D) the satisfaction of all desires.
Q6) In your opinion,why have Zen Buddhism and other Eastern approaches become more popular in parts of Western culture in recent years?
Page 20
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 18: Conclusion personality Theory in Perspective
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
47 Verified Questions
47 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/17069
Sample Questions
Q1) The word empirical really means that which is based on ________,but in psychology,the term empirical data has come to mean data that is based on
A) experience; extrospective observation
B) extrospective observation; introspective observation
C) introspective observation; rational inquiry
D) rational inquiry; experience
Q2) At the present time,the dominant position in Western psychology is A) behavioral.
B) cognitive.
C) humanistic.
D) psychoanalytic.
Q3) Compare different personality theories in terms of their emphasis on philosophy,science,and art.
Q4) Discuss the history of the terms psyche and psychology from their origins in Greek thought to their present-day use.
Q5) How might increased concentration on the biological basis of personality influence the methods and results of the study of personality in the future?
Q6) Ultimately,is the study of personality more philosophy,science,or art?
Page 21
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.