Course Introduction
Personality Psychology Exam Practice Tests
Personality Psychology explores the scientific study of individual differences in thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. This course examines major theories and concepts related to personality, including psychodynamic, trait, humanistic, biological, behavioral, and cognitive approaches. Students will investigate the methods used to assess personality, the stability and development of personality across the lifespan, and the biological and environmental factors that shape individual traits. Practical applications in clinical, occupational, and social settings will also be discussed, highlighting how personality influences decision-making, relationships, and well-being.
Recommended Textbook
Personality Theory and Research 12th Edition by Daniel Cervone
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15 Chapters
1423 Verified Questions
1423 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Personality Theory: From Everyday Observations to Systematic
Theories
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The text emphasizes that a big difference between intuitive theories about people and scientific theories of personality is that the personality scientist must A) engage in scientific observation.
B) interrelate concepts about people systematically.
C) provide ideas that are testable.
D) all of the above.
Answer: D
Q2) Some possible contributions of theory are to A) sharpen research objectives.
B) make research more organized.
C) organize what is known.
D) all of the above.
Answer: D
Q3) "Units of analysis" refer to
A) the basic variables of a given theory.
B) the original source of data for a given theory.
C) the research methods employed most frequently in a given theory.
D) the theoretical assumptions of a given theorist.
Answer: D
Page 3
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Chapter 2: The Scientific Study of People
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87 Verified Questions
87 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Research on O-data suggests that
A) some people are more judgable than others.
B) some characteristics are more observable than others.
C) highly evaluative characteristics lead to biases.
D) all of the above.
Answer: D
Q2) Subjects conforming to what they believe the experimenter expects most illustrates the problem of A) validity.
B) reliability.
C) demand characteristics.
D) not paying subjects for participation.
Answer: C
Q3) A potential strength of experimental research is that it
A) establishes associational relationships.
B) fosters demand relationships.
C) establishes causal relationships.
D) fosters expectancy effects.
Answer: C
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Page 4
Chapter 3: A Psychodynamic Theory: Freuds
Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality
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114 Verified Questions
114 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In psychoanalytic theory, repression is the fundamental mechanism of defense. A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) The most important and difficult to demonstrate aspect of the unconscious is
A) people's behavior always is influenced by events of which they are unaware.
B) people can recall things previously forgotten.
C) people keep memories and feelings out of awareness for motivated reasons.
D) none of the above
Answer: C
Q3) Which of the following is not a defense mechanism?
A) undoing.
B) denial.
C) reaction-formation.
D) subliminal psychodynamic activation.
Answer: D
Q4) The fluidity of the instincts allows for variability in behavior. A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Freuds Psychodynamic Theory:
Related Theoretical Conceptions, and Contemporary Research
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124 Verified Questions
124 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Universal images or symbols are known as A) archetypes.
B) instincts.
C) neurotic trends.
D) basic drives.
Q2) Analytic treatment encourages transference.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The TAT can be scored
A) on an impressionistic basis.
B) objectively.
C) both.
D) neither.
Q4) The attachment behavioral system relates to the development of a A) secure base for separation.
B) secure base for exploration.
C) both a and b.
D) neither a nor b.
Q5) Discuss Freud's theory of psychopathology. Page 6
Q6) Discuss Freud's view of how psychoanalysis leads to positive personality change.
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Chapter 5: A Phenomenological Theory: Carl Rogers
Person-Centered Theory of Personality
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117 Verified Questions
117 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss Rogers' views of the self, self processes, and their measurement.
Q2) Relative to nondefensive subjects, defensive subjects are likely to
A) be more self-actualizing.
B) recall more stimuli inconsistent with the self.
C) recall fewer stimuli inconsistent with the self.
D) show no difference in recall of stimuli inconsistent with the self.
Q3) Which of the following was not true of Rogers?
A) emphasized change.
B) used few structural concepts.
C) emphasized the defensive processes present in the person.
D) emphasized self-report.
Q4) One way in which people maintain a self-concept is through
A) being hostile to others.
B) a self-fulfilling prophecy.
C) manipulating others through guilt.
D) dreams.
Q5) Self-actualization involves the process of reducing tension while actualizing the self.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: A Phenomenological Theory - Applications and Evaluation of Rogers Theory
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131 Verified Questions
131 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Rogers, estrangement occurs because people falsify their values for the sake of preserving the positive regard of others.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Experimental research supports Rogers' concept of self-actualization.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Existentialists see people as pretty much the same except for their self concept. A)True
B)False
Q4) Both the Freudian and Rogerian theories emphasize conflict, anxiety, and defense. A)True
B)False
Q5) The Freudian and Rogerian views
A) both emphasize the development of symptoms.
B) both emphasize conflict, anxiety, and defense.
C) both emphasize the struggle with drives.
D) both emphasize structural conflicts.
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Chapter 7: Trait Approaches to Personality - Allport,
Eyesneck and Cattell
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107 Verified Questions
107 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Functional autonomy is the psychological freedom children must experience from their parents.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Allport's concept of functional autonomy suggests that
A) people are capable of functioning autonomously.
B) from birth there is a motive to function autonomously.
C) pleasure motives can function independently (autonomously) from other motives. D) motives originally based on tension-reduction can become independent sources of pleasure.
Q3) A cardinal trait expresses a disposition so strong that it influences virtually every act.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A concern with the pattern and organization of traits is seen in the work of
A) Allport and Cattell.
B) Eysenck and Cattell.
C) Allport and Eysenck.
D) Allport, Eysenck, and Cattell.
10
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Chapter 8: Trait Theory: the Five-Factor Model: Applications and Evaluation of the Trait Approach
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91 Verified Questions
91 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to longitudinal consistency in personality.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Laboratory situations are problematic for the study of traits because A) they emphasize one variable at a time.
B) the results don't agree with questionnaire results.
C) they restrict the range of individual differences.
D) they are low in reliability.
Q3) The NEO-PI is a
A) projective test.
B) questionnaire.
C) disguised test.
D) instructional test.
Q4) A problem with the five-factor model is that it shows no links with other personality concepts.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Biological Foundations of Personality
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124 Verified Questions
124 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Imagine you are interested in testing the hypothesis that growing up in the same household might explain why male sexual orientation is correlated with the number of older brothers one has. What two groups of males might you compare on sexual orientation?
A) Males raised with homosexual brothers vs. males raised with heterosexual brothers.
B) Males raised with varying numbers of older brothers living in their home vs. males raised with the same number of brothers who did not live in the same home.
C) Males raised with no brothers vs. males raised with many brothers.
D) Males raised with younger brothers vs. males raised with older brothers.
Q2) Research in evolutionary psychology by Cosmides on the question of cheating detection is concerned with the evolutionarily significant problem of A) dating.
B) parenting.
C) social exchange.
D) playing games.
Q3) Outline Kagan's conception of inhibited and uninhibited temperament and the research findings documenting the stability of these temperament styles.
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Page 12
Chapter 10: Behaviorism and the Learning Approaches to Personality
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86 Verified Questions
86 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Therapist control over the relevant variables is demonstrated A) in the corrective emotional experience.
B) with the ABA design.
C) with the ABC method.
D) with the NEO.
Q2) Skinner called emitted responses
A) habits.
B) S-R bonds.
C) drives.
D) operants.
Q3) In ____________ a response is reinforced because it is associated with the termination of an aversive stimulus.
A) escape learning
B) successive approximation
C) avoidance learning
D) punishment
Q4) According to Skinner, superstitious behavior develops because of an accidental relationship between response and reinforcement.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: A Cognitive Theory of Personality: George a Kellys
Personal Construct Theory of Personality
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76 Verified Questions
76 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe Kelly's approach to personality change and contrast it with that of Freud.
Q2) According to Kelly, scientific theories should be designed to be modified and eventually abandoned.
A)True
B)False
Q3) For Kelly, anxiety is
A) the result of internal threat.
B) the result of invalidated constructs.
C) the result of not having constructs for a situation.
D) all of the above.
Q4) According to Kelly, individuals seek A) consistency.
B) certainty.
C) both (a) and (b).
D) neither (a) nor (b).
Q5) According to Kelly, people seek positive reinforcement and the avoidance of pain. A)True
B)False
14
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Chapter 12: Social Cognitive Theory: Bandura and Mischel
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87 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) In Michel's delay of gratification paradigm, children get a large reward if they
A) wait for a designated period of time.
B) have a high sense of self-efficacy.
C) show an if . . . then . . . behavioral signature.
D) all of the above.
Q2) One would expect social cognitive theorists to support the use of generalized measures of intelligence.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following is not a structural unit emphasized by social cognitive theory?
A) self-efficacy beliefs.
B) competencies.
C) goals.
D) generalized expectancies.
Q4) Observed consequences to a model most affect
A) acquisition of responses.
B) performance of responses.
C) both to the same degree.
D) They have no consistent effect.
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Chapter 13: Social-Cognitive Theory: Extensions, Applications,
and Evaluation
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91 Verified Questions
91 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Dweck's research on learning and performance goals employed a _____ research procedure.
A) think-aloud
B) case study
C) reaction time
D) all of the above
Q2) Although it seems strange, sometimes we want something negative to happen.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Self-verification and self-enhancement are
A) beliefs.
B) motives.
C) social structures.
D) cultural variations.
Q4) ___________ goals involve showing to others how much ability you have.
A) learning
B) performance
C) schematic
D) non-schematic
Page 16
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Chapter 14: Personality in Context: Interpersonal Relations,
Culture, and Development Across the Course of Life
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69 Verified Questions
69 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Research by Elder et al. on ill-temperedness stresses the importance of A) evolution.
B) television influences on personality.
C) early-childhood conflicts.
D) sociohistorical context.
Q2) Social-cognitive theory cannot explain the cross-situational consistency of personality functioning.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Susan Andersen and colleagues explain transference in terms of A) personality traits.
B) basic social-cognitive processes.
C) psychodynamic transfer of energy.
D) genetic influences.
Q4) Work by Andersen on transference reveals that A) transference is a myth.
B) psychoanalytic concepts are of no value to contemporary researchers.
C) social cognitive theory and psychoanalysis are unrelated.
D) social cognitive analyses can illuminate phenomena originally of interest to psychoanalysts.
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Chapter 15: An Overview of Personality Theory, Assessment, and Research
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49 Verified Questions
49 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Compare the strengths and limitations of three theoretical approaches covered in the text.
Q2) The text's general conclusion with regard to the study of personality is
A) we now have a completed picture of personality in the various theories offered.
B) the behavioral approach to personality offers the strongest advantages, and other theories should be rejected.
C) the total picture of the nature of personality is far from complete.
D) theory, assessment, and research in personality are usually unrelated to each other.
Q3) The text supports the use of multiple levels of analysis and interpretation.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Jim was most impressed with the data from the
A) projectives.
B) questionnaires.
C) interview.
D) none of the above.
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Page 18