Personality Assessment
Chapter Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Personality Assessment is a comprehensive course that explores the theories, methods, and applications of evaluating individual differences in personality. Students will examine both objective and projective assessment techniques, including structured interviews, self-report inventories, and projective tests such as the Rorschach and TAT. Emphasis is placed on the reliability and validity of assessment tools, ethical considerations, and cultural influences in personality measurement. The course integrates practical experiences with case studies, allowing students to develop foundational skills in administering, scoring, and interpreting personality assessments within clinical, organizational, and research contexts.
Recommended Textbook
The Person An Introduction to the Science of Personality Psychology 5th Edition by Dan P. McAdams
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12 Chapters
486 Verified Questions
486 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Studying the Person
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Sample Questions
Q1) If a particular finding in a study is statistically significant "at the .05 level," then the chances are about 5% that the finding is
A) False
B) True
C) Meaningful
D) Due to chance
Answer: D
Q2) One criterion of a good theory is that it be generative. This means that the theory should
A) Support the status quo
B) Be consistent with empirical observations
C) Lead to new research and theorizing
D) Account for the greatest number of phenomena with the fewest explanatory concepts
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: Evolution and Human Nature
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Sample Questions
Q1) The securely attached infant
A) Is not easily upset when separated from mother
B) Greets mother's return in an angry fashion
C) Uses mother as a base from which to explore
D) Follows mother closely during free play time
Answer: C
Q2) Preschool children who were securely attached at age 1 show all of the following characteristics except
A) Higher levels of intelligence
B) Higher levels of popularity
C) Higher levels of dominance
D) Better social competence
Answer: A
Q3) Which of the following images best captures Hogan's characterization of the person in society?
A) Storyteller
B) Game player
C) Adventurer
D) Warrior
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Social Learning and Culture
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Sample Questions
Q1) Extraverted people tend to interpret and evaluate situations in terms of
A) The pleasantness of the situation and opportunity for interpersonal reward
B) The interpersonal threats posed by the situation
C) The extent to which the situation affords opportunities for dominance
D) The situation's inherent complexity and level of challenge
Answer: A
Q2) Contemporary thinking regarding cultural influences on personality suggests that A) Individual behavior corresponds in a coherent manner to cultural rules
B) Culture is a consistent subset of expectations and rules that produce modal personalities
C) Individuals selectively choose, contest, and adapt to different and sometimes conflicting elements in their culture
D) Culture is more a product of a person's personality than the surrounding environment
Answer: C
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Chapter 4: Personality Traits: Fundamental Concepts and Issues
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Sample Questions
Q1) Most contemporary personality psychologists view traits as
A) Convenient descriptors that have no meaning beyond shared social construction
B) Biologically based neuropsychic structures
C) Learned behaviors that may change dramatically over time
D) Dispositions that influence behavior along with situational factors
Q2) Shweder and other psychologists who adopt the concept of "implicit personality theory" argue that trait measures are invalid because they
A) Fail to predict behavior in specific situations
B) Fail to encompass subtle aspects of personality, such as life stories
C) Merely capture people's understanding of how trait-relevant words go together
D) Do not make explicit the theories of self that people hold dear
Q3) Observations of behavior in controlled laboratory settings constitute
A) L data
B) Q data
C) T data
D) Z data
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Chapter 5: Five Basic Traits in the Brain and in Behavior
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Sample Questions
Q1) When confronted with emotionally complex and intense situations, extraverts tend to
A) Feel intense positive and intense negative emotions at the same time
B) Tamp down their emotional expectations in order to protect themselves against fear and sadness
C) Deny that they feel any negative emotions
D) Savor the positive feelings so that they will outweigh the negative
Q2) The enzyme monoamine oxidase MAO) underlies individual differences in sensation seeking because MAO
A) Inhibits neurotransmission
B) Increases cortical arousal
C) Activates the amygdala
D) Enhances the pleasure centers in the brain
Q3) Research related to stress and neuroticism indicates that
A) Stress tends to predispose a person to neuroticism
B) Neuroticism tends to predispose a person to stress
C) The relation between stress and neuroticism is inconclusive
D) As a person's neuroticism increases, his or her stress level remains the same
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Chapter 6: Continuity and Change in Traits: the Roles of
Genes, Environments, and Time
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Q1) If the heritability quotient on extraversion is 40%, this means that
A) 40% of the variability on extraversion can be attributed to chance
B) 60% of extraversion is due to environmental factors
C) 40% of the variability on extraversion can be attributed to genetic differences between people
D) 40% of extraversion can be attributed to a person's genes
Q2) Twin and adoption studies suggest that differences in shared environments e.g., overall family, warmth, social class, and other features of the family environment that siblings share) account for approximately what percentage of the variance of trait scores?
A) 70%-80%
B) 40%-50%
C) 20%-25%
D) 0%-5%
Q3) Slow-to-warm-up babies are best characterized as showing
A) Negative moods and low intensity of reactions
B) Negative moods and high intensity of reactions
C) Positive moods and low intensity of reactions
D) Positive moods and high intensity of reactions
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Motives and Goals: What Do We Want in Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following defense mechanisms is the most primitive and immature?
A) Projection
B) Denial
C) Identification
D) Reaction formation
Q2) Repression means to
A) Make something unconscious
B) Consciously hold back threatening information
C) Hurt another person or damage the environment
D) Defend against anxiety
Q3) According to the research of Robert Emmons, which of the following kinds of personal strivings are positively associated with psychological well-being?
A) Power strivings
B) Personal growth and health strivings
C) Independence strivings
D) Intimacy strivings
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Chapter 8: Self and Other: Social-Cognitive Aspects of Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) In Cantor and Kihlstrom's view of social intelligence, the abstract and categorical information that the person has gleaned over time concerning various social events and phenomena, including scripts and self-conceptions, makes up
A) Declarative-semantic knowledge
B) Declarative-episodic knowledge
C) Procedural knowledge
D) Person memory
Q2) A self-schema emerges in a person's life when he or she begins to
A) Feel personally responsible for behavior in a particular domain
B) Comprehend what the main life tasks should be for his or her life
C) Experience doubt and conflict concerning future goals
D) Experience self-awareness
Q3) Why do securely attached individuals show more compassion for others?
A) Because they identify with their attachment objects
B) Because they feel a closer connection to other people
C) Because they have a firmer sense of conscience
D) Because they need to prove themselves worthy of their attachment objects
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Developmental Stages and Tasks
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Q1) The major virtue attained during Erikson's last stage of the human life cycle is A) Fidelity
B) Love
C) Care
D) Wisdom
Q2) In studies of self-recognition, an infant is placed in front of a mirror after a parent has secretly applied lipstick or some other mark to the infant's nose. Infants younger than 15 months of age are likely to respond by
A) Touching their own noses
B) Pointing at their noses in the mirror
C) Refusing to look at themselves in the mirror
D) Showing little if any interest in the mirror
Q3) Which of the following is not a question directly related to the problem of formulating an identity?
A) Is there a real "me" behind the various roles I play?
B) What might life have been like if I had been born a girl instead of a boy?
C) Should I go into business or become a doctor?
D) How friendly am I?
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Chapter 10: Life Scripts, Life Stories
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Q1) The especially mature life story should have all of the following features except A) Coherence
B) Openness
C) Reconciliation
D) Breadth
Q2) In a dynastic strategy of life-story construction,
A) A good past leads to a good present
B) A good past leads to a bad present
C) A bad past leads to a good present
D) A bad past leads to a bad present
Q3) Making narrative sense of negative events ideally involves two-step process, which is characterized as
A) Exploration, positive resolution
B) Regret, acceptance
C) Character development, plot development
D) Description, interpretation
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Chapter 11: Interpreting Peoples Stories: From Freud to Today
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Sample Questions
Q1) Bruner argues that a story is not told until there is a "deviation from the canonical." He means that if a story is to be considered worth telling, it must contain
A) Something unexpected
B) Violation of society's laws
C) A hero
D) A moral lesson about how not to live
Q2) In Hermans' theory, S-motives refer to
A) Support from others
B) Self-actualization
C) Agency
D) Libidinal urges
Q3) Adler's individual psychology emphasizes all of the following themes except
A) Unconscious determinants of behavior
B) Creating the self
C) Life as narrative
D) Social determinants of behavior
Q4) Discuss alternative methods Freud might have employed to analyze Dora's dream of the jewel-case.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Writing Stories of Lives: Biography and the Life Course
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Q1) Which of the following ideas is not a central characteristic of Henry Murray's personological system?
A) Lives set in time
B) Psychogenic needs
C) Diagnostic council
D) Consistency in selfhood
Q2) Which of the following is not a criterion identified by Alexander for the inclusion of a particular piece of data in a psychobiographical study?
A) Frequency
B) Uniqueness
C) Primacy
D) Consistency
Q3) The art and science of interpreting texts is called
A) Hermeneutics
B) Dialogistics
C) The study of lives
D) Existentialism
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Page 14