Periodontics for Dental Hygienists
Textbook Exam Questions
Course Introduction
This course provides an in-depth exploration of periodontics tailored for dental hygienists, covering the anatomy and physiology of the periodontium, etiology and progression of periodontal diseases, and evidence-based prevention and treatment strategies. Students will learn to assess periodontal health, recognize early and advanced signs of disease, and implement both non-surgical therapeutic interventions and patient education to promote oral health. Emphasis is placed on the collaborative role of the dental hygienist within the dental team, utilizing current research and technologies to ensure optimal patient outcomes and disease management.
Recommended Textbook
Periodontology for the Dental Hygienist 4th Edition by Dorothy A. Perry
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18 Chapters
787 Verified Questions
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Chapter 1: Historical Perspectives on Dental Hygiene and Periodontology
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Sample Questions
Q1) The first state to allow dental hygienists to practice beyond the scope of normal practice (expanded functions)was:
A) California
B) Colorado
C) Alaska
D) Minnesota
Answer: B
Q2) What medical emergency in the dental office decreased when dentists and dental hygienists began practicing while sitting down?
A) Asthma attack
B) Heart attack
C) Syncope
D) Orthostatic hypotension
Answer: C
Q3) In 2009,_______% of the practicing hygienists were between 40 and 59 years of age.
Answer: 55
In 2009,55% of the hygienists were between 40 and 59 years of age.Only 35% were 39 years of age or younger.
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Periodontium: Anatomic Characteristics and
Host Response
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Sample Questions
Q1) The free gingival groove is the anatomical structure surrounding the tooth,creating a collar of epithelium.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) The process by which inflammatory cells are attracted to the body by stimuli,including trauma or microbial influences,is called:
A) Antibody
B) Antigen
C) Chemotaxis
D) Complement
E) Hypersensitivity reaction
Answer: C
Q3) Hypersensitivity reactions:
A) Are not life threatening.
B) Cause no tissue damage.
C) Are only localized in nature.
D) Can be delayed or immediate.
Answer: D
Page 4
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Chapter 3: Epidemiology of Periodontal Diseases
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Sample Questions
Q1) When conducting research,an entire set of individuals is known as:
A) Sample
B) Population
C) Cohort
D) Generalizable
Answer: B
Q2) _______________________ is the most commonly found type of epidemiologic disease in populations.
Answer: Gingivitis
Based on research conducted by the Third National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES-III),gingivitis is the most commonly found type of epidemiologic disease in populations.
Q3) Epidemiologic research includes people without disease.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) List one of the two primary calculus indices:
Answer: Calculus index of the OHI-S; Volpe-Manhold Index
The two primary calculus indices are the Calculus index of the OHI-S and the Volpe-Manhold Index.
5
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Chapter 4: Microbiology of Periodontal Diseases
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Sample Questions
Q1) Streptococci are the predominant type of bacteria located in which oral microbial ecosystem?
A) Tongue
B) Oral mucosal surfaces
C) Saliva
D) Supragingival tooth surfaces
E) Subgingival tooth surfaces
Q2) Interactions among microbial species within plaque biofilm can do all of the following except one.Which one is the exception?
A) Produce nutrients for each other.
B) Coaggregate in saliva to promote clearance.
C) Aggregate to increase resistance to antimicrobial agents.
D) Prevent new bacterial species from penetrating the biofilm.
Q3) One function of receptor molecules on the surface of bacteria is to:
A) Repel bacteria from saliva.
B) Link bacteria to the pellicle.
C) Prevent linkage of bacteria to the pellicle.
D) Prevent the attraction of bacteria from saliva to pellicle.
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Chapter 5: Calculus and Other Disease-Associated Factors
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Sample Questions
Q1) Subgingival calculus is always covered with dental plaque biofilm.The presence of subgingival calculus and plaque biofilm causes greater progression of periodontal disease than plaque biofilm alone.
A) Both statements are TRUE.
B) Both statements are FALSE.
C) The first statement is TRUE, and the second statement is FALSE.
D) The first statement is FALSE, and the second statement is TRUE.
Q2) Radiographic images should be used in conjunction with the explorer to detect subcalculus.Radiographic images are an accurate measure of the extent of subcalculus on the tooth surface.
A) Both statements are TRUE.
B) Both statements are FALSE.
C) The first statement is TRUE, and the second statement is FALSE.
D) The first statement is FALSE, and the second statement is TRUE.
Q3) Which of the following is the best method to detect overhanging amalgam restorations?
A) Evaluation of the tissue surrounding the overhang
B) Radiographic examination
C) Use of the explorer during the clinical examination
D) Combination of the above three evaluations
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Chapter 6: Gingival Diseases
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Sample Questions
Q1) Desquamative gingivitis
A)Blistering and sloughing gingival tissue is characteristic of this condition.The epithelium peels away when rubbed (Nikolsky sign), leaving the tissue raw and bleeding.This condition can be very painful and can affect other areas besides gingival tissues.
B)This condition has pronounced hemorrhagic, swollen, and tender gingival tissues that develop over a short period.
C)This gingival reaction to food impaction is localized and painful.Its onset is sudden.
D)This chronic disease affects the skin and mucous membranes of middle-aged adults.The most common form exhibits intraorally as lacy white lines known as Wickham's striae.It has a bumpy appearance.A rare form of this disease exhibits painful, white lesions with raw, red areas.
E)Sloughing of the gingival tissue is characteristic of this condition, leaving a painful, raw, and red surface.This condition affects only gingival tissue.
F)Examples of this condition include burns from hot foods, chemical burns, and cuts.
Q2) _________________________ is the major clinical indicator of gingivitis.
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Chapter 7: Periodontal Diseases
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Sample Questions
Q1) All of the following systemic conditions have been associated with untreated advanced periodontal diseases except one.Which condition is the exception?
A) Stroke
B) Heart attack
C) Osteoporosis
D) Bacterial pneumonia
E) Low-birth-weight preterm births
Q2) A painful periodontal condition characterized by punched out dental papilla crestal bone loss with a white pseudomembranous surface is called:
A) Periodontal abscess
B) Juvenile periodontitis
C) Refractory periodontitis
D) Chronic periodontitis
E) Necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis
Q3) Periodontal disease also can have periods of _________________,in which the disease is static and periodontal pockets do not deepen.
Q4) The term used to describe the periodontal diseases of the supporting tissues of the teeth is ________________________________.
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9
Chapter 8: Clinical Assessment
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Sample Questions
Q1) Pathologic mobility is tooth displacement that occurs when the balance among the factors that maintain physiologic tooth position is disturbed.The teeth can move in any direction; when they move in the occlusal direction,it is known as extrusion or elongation.
A) Both statements are TRUE.
B) Both statements are FALSE.
C) The first statement is TRUE, and the second statement is FALSE.
D) The first statement is FALSE, and the second statement is TRUE.
Q2) Stannous fluoride
A)Yellow-brown to brown color stain on teeth and tongue
B)Thin black lines on the lingual and facial surfaces near the gingival margin
C)Tenacious dark brown or black surface deposit
D)Most common stain, associated with poor oral hygiene; most often caused by tannin, which is in coffee, tea, fruits, and red wine
E)Yellow-brown or golden color stain on the tongue and teeth
Q3) The presence of visible pus at a site is indicative of:
A) The end of the disease cycle
B) The possibility of active disease
C) The possibility of inactive disease
D) Poor plaque biofilm control and poor patient motivation
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Systemic Factors Influencing Periodontal Diseases
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Sample Questions
Q1) A major environmental factor that increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus is:
A) Obesity
B) Ultraviolet rays
C) High-fiber diets
D) Cigarette smoking
E) Fluoridated drinking water
Q2) Blood pressure is highest when the heart beats (contracts).This reading is called the:
A) Blood pressure
B) Systolic pressure
C) Diastolic pressure
D) Resting blood pressure
Q3) Severe recurring chest pain from angina pectoris often radiates into the:
A) Hips and thighs
B) Feet and ankles
C) Small intestines
D) Left shoulder and arm
E) Kidneys and lower back
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Chapter 10: Treatment Planning for the Periodontal Patient
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Sample Questions
Q1) The progress notes should include:
A) Dates of changed or cancelled appointments
B) Summaries of telephone calls related to treatment or problems
C) Recall plan
D) Description of service, teeth or area, anesthetic, and noteworthy clinical occurrences
E) All of the above
Q2) What phase of treatment will the dental hygienist be providing for this patient?
A) Preliminary phase
B) Phase I therapy
C) Phase II therapy
D) Phase III therapy
E) Phase IV therapy
Q3) The elements of informed consent include all of the following factors except one.Which factor is the exception?
A) Consent is implied.
B) Risks and benefits are listed.
C) Prognosis, if treatment is performed.
D) Prognosis, if treatment is not performed.
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12
Chapter 11: Occlusion and Temporomandibular Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) A deviation is a shift in the midline during opening that disappears at some point later in the opening movement.Deflection is a shift in the midline that becomes greater as the opening movement continues.
A) Both statements are TRUE.
B) Both statements are FALSE.
C) The first statement is TRUE, and the second statement is FALSE.
D) The first statement is FALSE, and the second statement is TRUE.
Q2) Crepitus
A)Spasm in the masticatory muscles associated with a disturbance in the trigeminal nerve
B)Grinding or gnashing of the teeth
C)Grating noise in the TMJ
D)Vibration or movement of a tooth when in function
Q3) The most frequently recommended approach for the treatment of a TMJ disorder is:
A) Occlusal splint therapy
B) Pharmacologic therapy
C) Physical medicine therapy
D) Occlusal reduction therapy
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13
Chapter 12: Plaque Biofilm and Disease Control for the
Periodontal Patient
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Sample Questions
Q1) The goals of plaque biofilm control for the patient with periodontal disease include:
A) Education
B) Education and motivation
C) Education, motivation, and patient responsibility
D) Education, motivation, patient responsibility, and caries control
Q2) Stannous fluoride alters bacterial cell metabolism and cell adhesion properties,in addition to reacting with tooth surfaces for caries prevention.Stannous fluoride products may carry the American Dental Association (ADA)seal of approval for both its antigingivitis and its anticaries properties.
A) Both statements are TRUE.
B) Both statements are FALSE.
C) The first statement is TRUE, and the second statement is FALSE.
D) The first statement is FALSE, and the second statement is TRUE.
Q3) Flossing must be used in conjunction with interdental brushes for thorough biofilm removal.
A)True
B)False
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy
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Sample Questions
Q1) What term describes the preventive procedure used for removing local irritants to the gingiva?
A) Scaling
B) Root planing
C) Periodontal débridement
D) Prophylaxis
E) Gingival curettage f. Polishing
Q2) The periodontium can be probed without penetrating through immature connective tissue for approximately how long after the periodontal débridement appointment?
A) 4 to 6 days
B) 1 to 2 days
C) 4 to 6 weeks
D) 1 to 2 weeks
Q3) How much healing (reduction in probing depth)is expected in the posterior teeth 1 month after completing nonsurgical therapy?
A) 1 mm
B) 2 mm
C) 3 mm
D) Cannot be predicted
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Periodontal Surgery
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Sample Questions
Q1) Guided-tissue regeneration is defined as:
A) Generation of new bone
B) Generation of keratinized gingiva
C) Generation of long junctional epithelium
D) Regeneration of new cementum on the root surface
E) Regeneration of bone, periodontal ligament, and cementum
Q2) The term for a periodontal bone graft that is made from bovine or porcine bone material is:
A) Allograft
B) Alloplast
C) Autograft
D) Xenograft
Q3) The value of a tooth is a significant consideration when determining the need for periodontal surgery.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Periodontal pockets are a ___________________.
Q5) What are three of the seven goals for periodontal surgery?
Q6) What are two of the six primary advantages of periodontal surgery as an adjunct to nonsurgical periodontal treatment?
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Dental Implants
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Sample Questions
Q1) Probing implants should not be performed after loading for how long?
A) 3 months
B) 6 months
C) 1 year
D) Probing is not necessary; no periodontal ligament (PDL) exists
Q2) The term loading refers to the placement of the implant into the bone.The direction and amount of force placed on the long axis of a dental implant influences the success of the implant.
A) Both statements are TRUE.
B) Both statements are FALSE.
C) The first statement is TRUE, and the second statement is FALSE.
D) The first statement is FALSE, and the second statement is TRUE.
Q3) The amount of bone-to-implant contact required for success has not been determined.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Locally delivered antimicrobial agents are often used as adjunct therapy around dental implants.
A)True
B)False
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Periodontal Emergencies
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Sample Questions
Q1) Patients with periodontal abscesses often state that the painful tooth feels "high." This symptom occurs because of inflammation and swelling of the:
A) Tooth pulp
B) Oral mucosa
C) Alveolar bone
D) Attached gingiva
E) Periodontal ligament
Q2) A periapical abscess that is draining can resemble which of the following?
A) Pericoronitis
B) Allergic reaction
C) Periodontal abscess
D) Linear gingival erythema
Q3) The flap of tissue that covers a partially or fully erupted tooth is referred to as:
A) Operculum
B) Periodontal flap
C) Pericornoid tissue
D) Periodontoclasia
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Chapter 17: Periodontal Maintenance and Prevention
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Sample Questions
Q1) The highest rate of patient attrition occurs at what point in the periodontal maintenance treatment plan?
A) First 6 months
B) First year
C) Second year
D) Fifth year
Q2) Phase _____ of periodontal therapy consists of individualized oral hygiene instruction and supragingival and subgingival débridement of plaque biofilm and calculus.
Q3) Dental hygienists are essential providers of preventive services during Phases I and IV of periodontal maintenance care.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Phase _____ of periodontal therapy includes plaque biofilm control,dietary analysis and modification,and scaling and root planing.
Q5) Phase _____ of periodontal therapy includes a second assessment of the periodontal condition for determining the results of the initial therapy and to determine whether additional periodontal intervention is required.
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Chapter 18: Prognosis and Results After Periodontal Therapy
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Q1) If the teeth are predicted to remain healthy and functioning for a long time,then the prognosis would be:
A) Good to excellent
B) Fair to poor
C) Questionable
D) Hopeless
Q2) A global prognosis is made using subjective and objective assessments for each patient.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Smoking affects the severity of periodontal disease.Tobacco use slows healing in those who smoke.
A) Both statements are TRUE.
B) Both statements are FALSE.
C) The first statement is TRUE, and the second statement is FALSE.
D) The first statement is FALSE, and the second statement is TRUE.
Q4) Younger patients exhibit greater periodontal destruction than older patients.
A)True
B)False
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