Peoples and Cultures of the World Question Bank
Course Introduction
This course explores the rich diversity of human societies across the globe, examining the cultural practices, belief systems, social structures, and daily lives of various peoples. Through comparative analysis, students will investigate topics such as kinship, religion, language, art, economic organization, and political systems, gaining insight into how different cultures adapt to their environments and interact with one another. Emphasis is placed on appreciating cultural variation, challenging ethnocentric perspectives, and understanding the interconnectedness of global communities in the past and present.
Recommended Textbook
Cultural Anthropology The Human Challenge 13th Edition by William A. Haviland
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16 Chapters
1469 Verified Questions
1469 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Essence of Anthropology
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107 Verified Questions
107 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) While ethnography is the in-depth study of a single culture,ethnology is the comparative study of culture.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Anthropology makes an important distinction between the political and social organization of _______________.
A)a continent and a country
B)a nation and a continent
C)a state and a country
D)a nation and a state
E)none of these
Answer: D
Q3) Which of the following is not one of the four branches of anthropology?
A)archaeology
B)linguistics
C)biology
D)cultural anthropology
E)physical anthropology
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: Characteristics of Culture
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103 Verified Questions
103 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Anthropologists look at the archaeological or historical record to test hypotheses about culture change.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Bronislaw Malinowski used standard methods of fieldwork for his work among the Trobriand.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) The most important symbolic aspect of culture is religion.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) A group of people without a common culture who are stranded together on a desert island,and who learn to work together for survival while they are there,may be said to constitute a society.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Page 4
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Chapter 3: Ethnographic Research: Its History, methods, and
Theories
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114 Verified Questions
114 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Anthropologists use only qualitative data gathering techniques.Quantitative data is used only by sociologists.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Between 4,000 and 9,000 years ago,the human population in the Middle East increased _______________.
A)ten-fold
B)twenty-fold
C)fifty-fold
D)sixty-fold
E)none of these
Answer: D
Q3) Scientific theories are open to future challenges.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Becoming Human: the Origin and Diversity of Our Species
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86 Verified Questions
86 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the most frequent type of reconciliation among chimpanzees?
A)embrace
B)mouth-to-mouth kiss
C)genito-genital rubbing
D)all of the above
E)a and b only
Q2) Which Swedish naturalist divided the human species into four major groups according to geographic area,classifying all Europeans as white,Africans as black,American Indians as red,Asians as yellow?
A)Linnaeus
B)Blumenbach
C)Wolpoff
D)Caspari
E)Caucaus
Q3) The first part of the Old Stone Age is called the Early Paleolithic.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Primates use a variety of calls along with body movements to convey a message..
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Language and Communication
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79 Verified Questions
79 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Admiration for a NEW and clever phrase;the development of a specialized vocabulary to distinguish a professional group;the efforts of the members of the upper class to distinguish themselves from the lower classes by maintaining a distinct mode of pronunciation--all of these may contribute to _______________.
A)linguistic divergence
B)vocal segregation
C)substitution frames
D)core vocabulary
E)a Whorfian hypothesis
Q2) Chantek was a(n)_______________.
A)bonobo
B)gibbon
C)chimpanzee
D)gorilla
E)orangutan
Q3) Knowledge of the workings of language is essential to a full understanding of what culture is about and how it operates.
A)True
B)False
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Social Identity, personality, and Gender
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92 Verified Questions
92 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What has seemed to be "normal" in the past,would through enculturation,remain normal in the future.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Even though flawed,national character studies were important to anthropological research because they helped to turn studies from small-scale farming communities,hunters and foragers,to
A)large-scale contemporary state societies
B)urban homeless
C)stereotypes
D)large-scale multinational characteristics
E)independence training
Q3) For anthropology,_______________ developed the idea that personality is a cultural construct.
A) Benjamin D. Paul
B) Betty Friedan
C) Michael Cole
D) Elizabeth Colson
E) Ruth Fulton Benedict
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Chapter 7: Patterns of Subsistence
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94 Verified Questions
94 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Slash-and-burn agriculture,especially in the humid tropics,may be one of the best gardening techniques possible.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The Mekranoti constantly weed their gardens to keep the forest from invading.
A)True
B)False
Q3) An anthropologist would probably find it difficult to define what "progress" is.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Many Bakhtiari are well educated,having attended university at home or abroad.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Those features of a culture that play a part in the society's way of making its living are called its _______________.
A)cultural boundaries
B)subsistence indicators
C)culture core
D)culture area
E)cultural theme
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Economic Systems
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69 Verified Questions
69 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A man in one village gives ten of his sheep that he knows are infected with disease to a man in another village in exchange for a jeep.This is an example of
A)generalized reciprocity
B)balanced reciprocity
C)negative reciprocity
D)silent trade
E)redistribution
Q2) The U.S.system of paying income taxes every April is an example of
A)generalized reciprocity
B)balanced reciprocity
C)negative reciprocity
D)redistribution
E)market exchange
Q3) The Kula ring used to involve thousands of men but no longer functions today.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Sex, marriage, and Family
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96 Verified Questions
96 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Marriage to more than one husband is called _______________.
A)monogamy
B)polygyny
C)polyandry
D)serial marriage
E)sororate
Q2) The most common form of marriage compensation is dowry.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which form of marriage in the United States is currently being re-evaluated since the introduction of NEW reproductive technologies?
A)cousin marriage
B)polygynous marriage
C)affinal marriage
D)same-sex marriage
E)nontraditional marriage
Q4) Monogamy is the form of marriage most worldwide.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Kinship and Descent
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93 Verified Questions
93 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) _________________________ is the splitting of a descent group into two or more descent groups.
A)Fission
B)Code Switching
C)Fraction
D)Bilateral descent
E)Multiple descent
Q2) A(n)_________________________ group that establishes its membership exclusively through the male line.
A)kinship
B)descent
C)unilineal descent
D)matrilineal descent
E)patrilineal descent
Q3) If you are a member of a patrilineal descent group,_______________.
A)descent is traced exclusively through females
B)your sisters belong to the same patrilineal descent group that you do
C)you are likely to live in a horticultural society
D)your brothers belong to the same descent group but your sisters do not
E)you do not have a mother
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Chapter 11: Grouping by Gender, age, common Interest, and Class
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66 Verified Questions
66 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the U.S. ,any project requiring a federal permit or license,or using federal funds,by law must be preceded by a/an _______________.
A)needs assessment
B)archaeological assessment
C)cultural impact assessment
D)assessment of feasibility
E)social impact statement
Q2) What is an eruv?
A)a Tiriki age grade of warriors
B)a Turkish volunteer organization
C)a Jewish space imbued with symbolic meaning
D)a Canadian political organization
E)part of the African Burial Project
Q3) Being strong and healthy can be interpreted as a symbolic indicator of social class.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In American society,age does not play a role in social organization.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Politics, power, and Violence
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97 Verified Questions
97 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Playing a leading role in the development of the anthropology of law,_______________ has taken on specialists in the fields of law,children's issues,nuclear energy,and science,critically questioning the basic assumptions under which these experts operate.
A)Ralph Nader
B)Margaret Mead
C)Martha Knack
D)Laura Nader
E)Ruth Benedict
Q2) There is some small-scale slavery found in chiefdom societies.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A _______________ is a ranked society in which every member has a position in the hierarchy,and an individual's status is determined by membership in a descent group.
A)band
B)tribe
C)chiefdom
D)state
E)kindred
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Chapter 13: Spirituality, religion, and the Supernatural
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93 Verified Questions
93 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The belief in scientific communities of the 19th century was that as science began to answer more questions,people would turn away from a belief in God and religious practices.Today,___________________________ trend prevails.
A)the opposite
B)that exact expected
C)that belief persists
D)the same
E)all answers except a
Q2) According to Chan monastics,what causes people to have different life circumstances,some poor and some rich?
A)laziness
B)overpowering emotions and attachments
C)atheism (disbelief of a spiritual force)
D)their transformation from animal to human selves
E)karma accrued in previous lives
Q3) The early Israelites defined their deity in feminine terms.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 14: The Arts
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83 Verified Questions
83 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The myth of the Abenaki concerning Tabaldak and Odziozo _______________.
A)expresses the naturalistic world view that humans should recognize that a kinship exists among all living things
B)is a work of art
C)provides an explanation of the origin of humans and the physical environment
D)sanctions certain behaviors such as the avoidance of waste
E)all of the above
Q2) The word "myth," as used by anthropologists,means something that is widely believed to be true but probably is not.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Among Australian aborigines,the ancestors' tracks in song are called
A)little songs
B)songlines
C)journey songs
D)dreamlines
E)none of the above
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Chapter 15: Processes of Change
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93 Verified Questions
93 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ultimate source of all new ideas in a culture is _______________.
A)imitation
B)diffusion
C)innovation
D)revolution
E)modernization
Q2) Copernicus' discovery that the earth orbits the sun rather than vice versa _______________.
A)was a primary innovation that met the cultural goals and needs of his time
B)was a primary innovation that was out of step with the needs,values,and goals of his time
C)was a secondary innovation that put into application the discovery by Ptolemy that heavenly bodies moved on crystalline spheres around the earth
D)was a secondary innovation that was deliberately developed by Copernicus to destroy the Church
E)resulted from diffusion of ideas from India
Q3) Diffusion is typically forced onto cultures.
A)True
B)False
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Page 17
Chapter 16: Global Challenges local Responses and the
Role of Anthropology
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87 Verified Questions
87 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The worldwide spread of such products as Pepsi is taken by some as a sign that a _______________ world culture is developing.
A)standardized
B)heterogeneous
C)homogeneous
D)motley
E)varied
Q2) To help resolve problems of global structural violence which of the following values and cultural motivations would be needed?
A)a worldview that sees humanity as part of the natural world,rather than superior to it
B)a sense of social responsibility that recognizes that no individual,people,or state has the right to expropriate resources at the expense of others
C)an awareness of how important supportive ties are for individuals,such as seen in kinship or other associations in the world's traditional societies
D)an emphasis on self-interest
E)all but d
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