Peoples and Cultures of the World Final Exam
Course Introduction
This course offers a comprehensive exploration of the diverse peoples and cultures that shape our world, focusing on the anthropological and sociological aspects of human societies. Through case studies, ethnographic accounts, and thematic readings, students will examine social structures, belief systems, language, traditions, and cultural adaptations among a variety of groups across continents. Emphasis is placed on understanding cultural differences and similarities, the impact of globalization, and the ways in which cultures interact, change, and persist in a rapidly transforming world. The course encourages critical thinking and cultural sensitivity, equipping students with analytical tools to appreciate and engage with global diversity.
Recommended Textbook
The Essence of Anthropology 3rd Edition by William A. Haviland
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
16 Chapters
1823 Verified Questions
1823 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1030 Page 2
Chapter 1: The Essence of Anthropology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
117 Verified Questions
117 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20429
Sample Questions
Q1) The term "prehistory" refers to a period in which:
A) people had no means of recording their thoughts
B) there was no written record
C) people had no history
D) humans had not yet diverged from the primate line
Answer: B
Q2) Theories based on assumptions about the world and reality that come from the researcher's own particular culture are referred to as ______________ theories.
Answer: culture-bound
Q3) Define globalization.
Answer: Globalization is worldwide interconnectedness, evidenced in various ways.
Q4) What most distinguishes anthropology from other sciences is:
A) its focus on humans as the central topic of study
B) its use of biological data
C) its use of social observations
D) the diversity of ways in which scientific research is conducted
Answer: D
Q5) The standards by which societies operate are also called its __________.
Answer: culture
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 3
Chapter 2: Biology and Evolution
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
138 Verified Questions
138 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20430
Sample Questions
Q1) Historical processes can shape evolutionary theory.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) A reproductively isolated population or group capable of interbreeding to produce fertile offspring is a:
A) genus
B) category
C) family
D) species
Answer: D
Q3) A sequence of chemical bases on a molecule of DNA constitutes a recipe for making
Answer: proteins
Q4) In evolutionary terms, what kind of force is mutation?
A) negative because mutation decreases chances for survival
B) positive because it provides variation for selection
C) neutral because variation does not matter in the long run
D) mutation cannot be evaluated in these terms
Answer: B
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 4
Chapter 3: Living Primates
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
119 Verified Questions
119 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20431
Sample Questions
Q1) Name three factors that work to restrict the size of ape populations in the wild.
Answer: Long birth intervals, habitat destruction, and hunting all work to restrict population sizes.
Q2) Genetically, tarsiers are most closely related to:
A) lemurs
B) apes
C) lorises
D) prosimians
Answer: B
Q3) Frans de Waal, in his study of bonobos, has found that _______________ that occurs after an attack may be more important that the attack itself.
A) migration
B) food sharing
C) reconciliation
D) display
Answer: C
Q4) Among chimps, the largest social organizational unit is the _______________. Answer: community
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 5
Chapter 4: Human Evolution
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
106 Verified Questions
106 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20432
Sample Questions
Q1) Bipedalism is considered to be most adaptive in geographical areas known as _______________.
Q2) Homo sapiens is a homogenous species.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Why do some primatologists call the Miocene the "golden age of the hominoids"?
Q4) The _______________ is a stone tool with chisel-like edges.
Q5) Describe the Oldowan Tool Tradition.
Q6) What causes our understanding of human evolutionary history to change?
Q7) Which hominid was the first believed to use fire?
A) Homo erectus
B) Homo habilis
C) Neandertals
D) anatomically modern humans
Q8) Paleontologists who place more or less similar-looking fossils specimens together in more inclusive groups are called _______________.
Q9) The _____________________ is an opening in the base of the skull found in vertebrates.
Q11) Homo erectus emerged during the _______________ Epoch. Page 6
Q10) Why does the shape of the pelvis vary between bipeds and other apes?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 7
Chapter 5: The Neolithic Revolution: The Domestication of
Plants and Animals
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
137 Verified Questions
137 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20433
Sample Questions
Q1) How did the use of sickles contribute to plant domestication?
Q2) What two significant crops grown in the world today were first domesticated by American Indians?
A) potatoes and maize
B) wheat and rice
C) corn and wheat
D) oats and barley
Q3) Domesticated plants and animals are no different from their wild counterparts.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Evidence exists for some of the earliest plant domestication at:
A) Abu Grenyra
B) Abu Haridan
C) Abu Saami
D) Abu Hureyra
Q5) What are the advantages of vegeculture over seed crop cultivation?
Q6) How did people manage food scarcity during the Paleolithic?
Page 8
Q7) Jared Diamond argues that domestication is not unique to humans because in the American tropics _______________ also domesticate when they grow fungi in their nests.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 9
Chapter 6: The Emergence of Cities and States
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
112 Verified Questions
112 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20434
Sample Questions
Q1) What role did infectious diseases play in the European colonization of the Americas?
Q2) Changes in farming methods at the time of early civilizations were classified as _____________________.
Q3) The Maya writing system appears to have roots in the earlier writing system of the:
A) Olmecs
B) Mesopotamians
C) Toltecs
D) Aztecs
Q4) The world's first civilization in Mesopotamia developed:
A) between 10,000 and 5,500 years ago
B) between 6,000 and 4,500 years ago
C) between 6,500 and 4,000 years ago
D) between 8,500 and 5,500 years ago
Q5) The Bronze Age was marked by:
A) the earliest human migrations
B) the development of seafaring trade
C) the development of new kinds of descent
D) increasingly specialized tool production
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 10
Chapter 7: Modern Human Diversity: Race and Racism
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
124 Verified Questions
124 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20435
Sample Questions
Q1) Populations are genetically _______________.
Q2) All of the following are true regarding human skin except:
A) selection favored dark skin in human ancestry
B) lightly pigmented skin is likely a recent development in human history
C) lightly pigmented skin is more highly evolved than heavier pigmented skin
D) darker skin better suits the condition of life in the tropics
Q3) In tropical regions of the world, natural selection has favored lighter-skinned people.
A)True
B)False
Q4) High crime rates, alcoholism, and drug use among certain groups can be explained with reference to _______________ rather than biology.
Q5) Members of the genus Homo have primarily adapted through culture over the past:
A) 50,000 years
B) 1.5 million years
C) 2.5 million years
D) 7.7 million years
Q6) Blumenbach referred to inhabitants of Asia, including China and Japan, as
Q7) Human biological variation is best expressed as a _______________.
Page 11
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 8: The Characteristics of Culture
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
118 Verified Questions
118 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20436
Sample Questions
Q1) _______________ is an organized group of interdependent people who generally share a common territory, language, and culture and who act together for collective well-being.
Q2) The primary fodder for Kapauku pigs is:
A) sweet potatoes
B) corn
C) hay
D) millet
Q3) Society can best be described as a group of individuals who:
A) are human and have culture
B) live in an urban environment
C) share a common territory, language, and culture
D) live together at least one generation
Q4) The most important symbolic aspect of any culture is _______________.
Q5) What does Apache etiquette require?
A) that each person have a separate bedroom
B) that houses be located quite distant from each other
C) that all people be in full view of one another
D) that houses include separate spaces for handling food
Q6) In the barrel model of culture subsistence is part of the _______________.
Page 12
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 9: Language and Communication
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
111 Verified Questions
111 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20437
Sample Questions
Q1) The idea that distinctions encoded in one language are unique to that language is called linguistic nationalism.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Human language is always embedded within a _______________ system of a type we share with non-human primates.
Q3) The study of the relationship between language and society is called:
A) sociolinguistics
B) sociological linguistics
C) social linguistics
D) structural linguistics
Q4) Our use of language reflects the rest of our culture.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Changing speech patterns from one situation to another is called __________________________.
Q6) Wedge-shaped imprints developed in Mesopotamia were an early form of writing called _______________.
Q7) What is paralanguage?
Page 13
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 10: Social Identity, Personality, and Gender
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
102 Verified Questions
102 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20438
Sample Questions
Q1) What major cultural difference did Katherine Dettwyler notice between Mali and the U.S. in their treatment of Down's syndrome children?
A) in Mali there us a significantly lower rate of Down's syndrome births
B) in the US children do not receive treatment for Down's syndrome
C) in Mali the child was treated as if she were very much like any other child
D) in Mali the child was treated as if she were a religious figure
Q2) What challenges do US daycare centers face in trying to re-create positive familial environments for young infants first developing self-awareness?
Q3) In Samoa, boys who take on the identity of females are called:
A) winkte
B) bardah
C) hemanah
D) fa'afafines
Q4) What is a major conclusion that we can make from the Ju/'hoansi data regarding traditional versus settled lifestyles?
A) economy structures child-rearing and affects the adult personality
B) social structures are overbearing for children
C) religious beliefs can affect the way a child develops over time
D) traditional people have gender difficulties
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 14
Chapter 11: Subsistence and Exchange
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
104 Verified Questions
104 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20439
Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the process of cultural adaptation among the early Comanche Indians.
Q2) All of the following routinely affect the mobility of foragers except:
A) availability of water
B) availability of plant resources
C) availability of animal resources
D) availability of fertile land
Q3) Describe the division of labor by age among the Ju/'hoansi.
Q4) The example of how the Cheyenne and Comanche Indians developed similar cultural adaptations in similar environments is an example of ________________.
Q5) When there are similar cultural adaptations to similar environmental conditions achieved by people whose ancestral cultures were already somewhat alike, it is called __________________________.
Q6) Aymara Indians have a 70% greater pulmonary function than do lowlanders. A)True B)False
Q7) Episodes of major change may be followed by long periods of relative stability. A)True B)False
Q8) What is the role of the environment in adaptation?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 15
Chapter 12: Sex, Marriage, and Family
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
108 Verified Questions
108 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20440
Sample Questions
Q1) The smallest family unit is the _______________ family.
Q2) According to early anthropologists, the primary purpose of exogamy was to promote:
A) social alliance
B) sexual control
C) healthy children
D) urbanization
Q3) How is same-sex marriage culturally adaptive among the Nandi?
Q4) Most societies worldwide allow individuals to choose their own spouse.
A)True
B)False
Q5) In India, arranged marriages are:
A) never practiced
B) always practiced
C) still somewhat common among certain social classes
D) extremely common among the lower castes
Q6) Among Trobriand Islanders, sexual relations are not permitted before marriage.
A)True
B)False
Q7) Distinguish between bride-price and bride service.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 16
Chapter 13: Kinship and Other Methods of Grouping
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20441
Sample Questions
Q1) A child's inheritance of their father's name as their own surname is customarily a part of _______________ descent.
Q2) Under Iroquois terminology offspring of parental siblings of the same sex are referred to as:
A) true cousins
B) descent cousins
C) parallel cousins
D) cross cousins
Q3) The Maori are known as great:
A) agriculturalists
B) hunters
C) seafarers
D) commercialists
Q4) The two major forms of a unilineal descent group, whether matrilineal or patrilineal, are the _______________ and the _______________.
Q5) The _______________ is an individual's genetically close relatives on the maternal and paternal side of his or her family.
Q6) How might new reproductive technologies affect a society's kinship classification?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 17
Chapter 14: Politics, Power, and Violence
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
112 Verified Questions
112 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20442
Sample Questions
Q1) In which form of political organization do we find a redistributive exchange involving tribute?
A) tribe
B) band
C) state
D) chiefdom
Q2) Why was Igbo women's autonomy destroyed?
Q3) Which of the following is an effort for radical cultural reform in response to widespread social disruption and collective feelings of despair?
A) genocide
B) rebellion
C) revolutions
D) revitalization movement
Q4) ________________ is the right of political leaders to govern.
Q5) Civil disobedience is associated with which type of political organization?
A) tribe
B) state
C) band
D) chiefdom
Q6) _______________ is power based on legitimacy.
Page 18
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 15: Spirituality, Religion, and the Supernatural
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
104 Verified Questions
104 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20443
Sample Questions
Q1) Choose a rite of passage and analyze it through each of the three stages.
Q2) What is a society's worldview?
Q3) In the United States today, there are approximately how many declared practitioners of Buddhism?
A) 10,000-20,000
B) 9-10 million
C) 800,000-1 million
D) 2-3 million
Q4) What is divination?
Q5) _______________ spirits played an important role in the patrilineal society of traditional China.
Q6) Which of the following is larger in the United States?
A) Buddhism
B) Islam
C) Hinduism
D) Wicca
Q7) The Aztecs had a monotheistic religion.
A)True
B)False
Q8) What primary goals does religion fulfill for a society?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 19
Chapter 16: Global Changes and the Role of Anthropology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
101 Verified Questions
101 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20444
Sample Questions
Q1) Globalization involves all of the following except:
A) restructured social field of force
B) controlled profit growth
C) development of new commercial markets
D) struggle for scarce natural resources
Q2) Which of the following is currently the largest mega-corporation?
A) McDonald's
B) General Electric
C) Wal-Mart
D) Hyundai
Q3) Globally, although there is structural violence, equality is increasing rapidly.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The Declaration of the Rights of Indigenous peoples is largely a symbolic document.
A)True
B)False
Q5) About 6 billion people in the world are undernourished.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 20