Pediatric Intensive Care Nursing Exam Review
Course Introduction
Pediatric Intensive Care Nursing is a specialized course designed to equip nursing students and professionals with the knowledge and skills required to care for critically ill infants, children, and adolescents in intensive care settings. The course covers the physiological and psychosocial differences between children and adults, pediatric assessment techniques, and the management of life-threatening conditions such as respiratory failure, shock, and multisystem organ dysfunction. Emphasis is placed on evidence-based interventions, advanced monitoring technologies, family-centered care, and ethical considerations unique to the pediatric population. Students will learn to collaborate effectively with multidisciplinary teams to provide high-quality, compassionate care that meets the complex needs of pediatric patients and their families.
Recommended Textbook
Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care A Patient Case Method 1st Edition by Julianne Perretta
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21 Chapters
478 Verified Questions
478 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1912 Page 2
Chapter 1: Making Sense of Caring for Kids: a Different
Approach to Respiratory Care
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25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38098
Sample Questions
Q1) In newborns, what interalveolar Connections are responsible for the lack of Collateral air circulation
A)Septum
B)Pores of Kohn
C)Lung parenchyma
D)Functional residual capacity
Answer: B
Q2) All published data are Considered equal, to help clinicians and scientists develop and classify the quality and validity of research evidence.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) What laryngosCope blade should be used on an infant who weighs 10 kg
A)Size 0 straight
B)Size 2 Miller
C)Size 2 Macintosh
D)Size 1 Miller
Answer: D
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Chapter 2: Fetal Cardiopulmonary Development
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25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38099
Sample Questions
Q1) Starting at which week during the gestational period can the presence of mucus be found in the fetal lung
A)13 weeks
B)12 weeks
C)14 weeks
D)11 weeks
Answer: A
Q2) During which lung development stage do the right and left lung buds arise from the esophagus
A)Canalicular phase
B)Pseudoglandular phase
C)Saccular phase
D)Embryonic phase
Answer: D
Q3) The alveolar phase is Considered to end at about the first or seCond year of life.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 3: Resuscitation of the Newborn During Transition to
Extrauterine Life
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19 Verified Questions
19 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38100
Sample Questions
Q1) What is the Course of action when a newborn presents with seCondary apnea
A)Place in sniffing position.
B)Place on apnea monitor.
C)Initiate positive pressure ventilation.
D)Administer medications to increase heart rate.
Answer: C
Q2) Transition to the extrauterine world Consists of all of the following rapid, physiological events except:
A)Establishment of respirations
B)VasoConstriction of the pulmonary vasculature and increase in pulmonary vascular resistance
C)Transition of fetal circulation to adult circulation
D)Expansion of the lungs
Answer: B
Q3) What actions are usually enough to stimulate a newborn to breathe
A)Positioning, drying, and suctioning
B)Positioning, drying, and slapping the newborn's buttocks
C)Positioning, drying, and vigorously rubbing the newborn's back
D)Positioning, drying, and flicking the newborn's arm
Answer: A
Page 5
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Chapter 4: Respiratory Distress Syndrome
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34 Verified Questions
34 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38101
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following cases does not indicate the need for nasal Continuous positive airway pressure
A)An infant diagnosed with respiratory distress syndrome, exhibiting signs of increased respiratory distress
B)PaCO greater than 60 mm Hg and pH less than 7.25
C)PaCO greater than 50 mm Hg and pH greater than or equal to 7.25
D)Inability to maintain a PaO greater than 50 mm Hg with FiO less than 0.60
Q2) Which statement below best describes surfactant
A)Chemical Compound that functions to stabilize the liquid interface within the alveoli and to increase surface tension
B)Is made up of mostly glyCoproteins
C)Helps reduce surface tension within lungs on exhalation D! None of the above
Q3) What mode of ventilation allows for Constant pressure and volume changes with lung Compliance
A)Pressure Control ventilation
B)Volume Control ventilation
C)Volume-assured pressure support
D)Pressure-regulated volume Control
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Chapter 5: Apnea of Prematurity and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
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22 Verified Questions
22 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38102
Sample Questions
Q1) What is a mechanical ventilation strategy that can be used to decrease the risk of developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia
A)Volume-targeted ventilation mode, adequate positive end-expiratory pressure levels, and lower tidal volumes
B)Pressure ventilation mode, small positive end-expiratory pressure levels, and low tidal volumes
C)Permissive hypercapnia strategy
D)High-frequency ventilation mode
Q2) Bradycardia always occurs with an apnea episode and associated saturation problems.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What is the <b><u>first action</u></b> a clinician needs to perform for a patient experiencing apnea
A)Nasal Continuous positive airway pressure
B)PharmaCology intervention
C)Tactile stimulation
D)Positive pressure ventilation
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Chapter 6: Disease of Full-Term Infants
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23 Verified Questions
23 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38103
Sample Questions
Q1) Baby Nolan presents with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn and is failing assist Control ventilation.What are the reCommended initial high-frequency oscillator settings
A)Bias flow 8 Lpm, Hz 8, I-time 25%, Paw 1.5 cm H O above Controlled mandatory ventilation, and change in pressure for chest wiggle
B)Bias flow 10 Lpm, Hz 12, I-time 33%, Paw 3 cm H O above Controlled mandatory ventilation, and change in pressure for chest wiggle
C)Bias flow 15 Lpm, Hz 15, I-time 33%, Paw 3 cm H O above Controlled mandatory ventilation, and change in pressure for chest wiggle
D)Bias flow 18 Lpm, Hz 8, I-time 25%, Paw 3.0 cm H O above Controlled mandatory ventilation, and change in pressure for chest wiggle
Q2) What parameter should be changed if PaCO is high during high-frequency oscillatory ventilation
A)Increase P
B)Decrease P
C)Increase Paw
D)Decrease Paw
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Common Neonatal Complications: Pulmonary
Complications
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38104
Sample Questions
Q1) How does pulmonary interstitial emphysema present
I.Hypoxemia
II.Hypercapnia
III.Hypertension
IV.Episodes of apnea
V.Cyst-like formations 4-10 mm in diameter
VII.Mediastinal shift and atelectasis of Contralateral lung
VIII.Air bronchograms
A)I, II, III, IV, V, VI, and VII
B)I, II, V, VI, and VII
C)II, III, IV, and VII
D)II, IV, V, VI, and VII
Q2) Which of the following treatments should be used in the management of an infant who presents with a simple pneumothorax
A)Needle deCompression
B)ThoraCotomy
C)Chest tube
D)100% oxygen hood
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Chapter 8: Common Neonatal Complications: Multisystem
Complications
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25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38105
Sample Questions
Q1) What is the goal of ventilatory support for a patient with necrotizing enteroColitis
A)Oxygen delivery to tissues
B)DeCompression of the bowel
C)Managing apnea episodes
D)Parenteral nutrition
Q2) Significant progress has been made in developing therapies to slow the progression of necrotizing enteroColitis.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Mechanically ventilated patients with a patent ductus arteriosus present what additional challenge for registered respiratory therapists
A)Respiratory distress syndrome
B)Pulmonary interstitial emphysema
C)Necrotizing enteroColitis
D)Pulmonary edema
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Chapter 9: Abdominal Defects
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21 Verified Questions
21 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38106
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following factors Contribute to surfactant dysfunction in patients with Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
I.Lung hypoplasia
II.SeCondary surfactant deficiency
III.High-frequency oscillatory ventilation
IV.Change in surfactant Composition as a direct result in ventilator-induced injury
A)I, II, and III
B)I, III, and IV
C)II, III, and IV
D)I, II, and IV
Q2) What is the primary function of an inotrope
A)Helps to diuresis fluid
B)Improves cardiac Contractibility
C)Vasodilator
D)Phosphodiesterase inhibitor
Q3) Repair of the omphalocele can be delayed for months to years depending on the size of the defect.
A)True
B)False
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Airway Abnormalities
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22 Verified Questions
22 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38107
Sample Questions
Q1) Treatment and management of choanal atresia include which of the following options
I.Choanal opening created via surgical repair
II.Propping infant's nose open with nasal trumpet
III.Intubation
IV.Using a feeding nipple with a large opening
A)I, II, and IV
B)I, II, and III
C)II, III, and IV
D)I, III, and IV
Q2) Tracheoesophageal fistula should be suspected when an infant presents with which of the following symptoms
I.Excessive drooling
II.Feedings that give way to respiratory distress
III.Absence of stridor or barking Cough
IV.Accepting orogastric tube into stomach without incidence
A)II and III
B)I and II
C)III and IV
D)I, II, III, and IV
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Chapter 11: Acyanotic Heart Defects
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22 Verified Questions
22 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38108
Sample Questions
Q1) What does a registered respiratory therapist need to be vigilant in assessing once a patient is given prostaglandin therapy
I.Apneas of greater than 20 seConds
II.Tachypnea
III.Bradycardia
IV.Desaturations
V.Peripheral edema
VI.Hypotension
A)III, IV, V, and VI
B)I, III, IV, and V
C)II, IV, V, and VI
D)I, II, III, and IV
Q2) Atrial septal defects are one of the most quickly diagnosed Congenital heart diseases.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Bicuspid aortic valve is the most Common cause of aortic stenosis.
A)True
B)False
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Cyanotic Heart Defects
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38109
Sample Questions
Q1) What pulse oximetry range should be maintained by the registered respiratory therapist for a patient with hypoplastic left heart syndrome until after stage 3 repair
A)SpO 80%-90%
B)SpO 65%-75%
C)SpO 75%-85%
D)SpO greater than or equal to 92%
Q2) Hypoplastic left heart syndrome is an example of what larger category of Congenital cardiac defects
A)Modified Blalock-Taussig shunt
B)Ebstein anomaly
C)Single ventricle syndrome
D)Patent foramen ovale
Q3) If an infant with transposition of the great arteries is presenting with severe cyanosis, what life-saving procedure should be immediately performed at the patient's bedside
A)Endotracheal tube placement
B)Rashkind procedure
C)Echocardiogram
D)None of the above
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Chapter 13: Asthma
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29 Verified Questions
29 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38110
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following cells are chemical mediators that produce an immediate hypersensitivity response
I.Mast cells
II.Dendritic cells
III.Histamine
IV.Leukotrienes
V.Prostaglandins
A)I, II, and III
B)II, IV, and V
C)I, II, and IV
D)III, IV, and V
Q2) How long does it take for a short-acting beta agonist to show its effectiveness
A)4-8 hours
B)1-2 hours
C)2-6 hours
D)2-3 hours
Q3) Although asthma deaths among children are rare, occurrences of death increase with age.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 14: Pediatric Disease With Respiratory Implications
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38111
Sample Questions
Q1) What is the only FDA-approved nebulizer for use with inhaled tobramycin
A)Sidestream nebulizer
B)PARI LC PLUS nebulizer
C)TRIO nebulizer
D)Altera nebulizer
Q2) Which of the following are muColytic agents
I.Dornase alfa
II.Pulmozyme
III.Hypotonic saline solutions
IV.Tobramycin
V.Acetylcysteine
A)I and V
B)I, II, and V
C)II, III, and IV
D)I, II, III, IV, and V
Q3) What was the median survival age for patients with cystic fibrosis as of 2010
A)27.2
B)30.6
C)35.4
D)38.3
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Chapter 15: Pediatric Pulmonary Diseases
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31 Verified Questions
31 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38112
Sample Questions
Q1) What are the benefits of using pressure-regulated volume Control in the management of a patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome
I.Lower peak inspiratory pressure using decelerating flow pattern of pressure ventilation
II.Higher peak inspiratory pressure using decelerating flow pattern of pressure ventilation
III.Guarantees a Consistent minute ventilation
IV.Minute ventilation varies.
A)II and IV
B)I and IV
C)I and III
D)II and III
Q2) What drug group decreases the length of a hospitalization stay for a patient with bacterial pneumonia
A)Bronchodilators
B)Antibiotics
C)CortiCosteroids
D)Xanthines
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Chapter 16: Pediatric Infectious Airway Diseases
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22 Verified Questions
22 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38113
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following are the most frequent etiologic agents associated with 80% of all croup
I.Parainfluenza I
II.Parainfluenza II
III.Parainfluenza III
IV.Respiratory syncytial virus
V.Adenovirus
A)IV only
B)IV and V
C)I, II, and III
D)I, II, III, IV, and V
Q2) A definitive diagnosis for epiglottitis includes which of the following
A)Direct visualization of red swollen epiglottitis under laryngosCopy
B)BronchosCopy
C)Tongue depressor visualization only
D)Lateral neck radiograph
Q3) The diagnosis for croup is frequently made based on history and physical examination.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 17: Neuromuscular Disorders
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25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38114
Sample Questions
Q1) Typically, what is the <b><u>first</u></b> symptom to signal the presence of botulism in an infant
A)Loss of gag reflex
B)Weak suck effort
C)Constipation followed by impaired function of cranial nerves
D)Weak cry
E)Loss of head Control
Q2) As clinical manifestations of Guillain Barré syndrome progress, all of the following symptoms will be present <b><u>except</u></b>:
I.Tachycardia
II.Tachypnea
III.Retractions
IV.Normal breath sounds
V.Shortness of breath
VI.Hypoxia
A)I, IV, and V
B)II, III, and VI
C)I, II, III, and VI
D)II, IV, and V
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Chapter 18: Pediatric Diseases With Respiratory Implications
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38115
Sample Questions
Q1) What are the defense mechanisms to protect the introduction of foreign material into the lungs
I.Hair to trap organism in the nose
II.Cilia to brush organisms out of respiratory tract
III.Deposition of immunologic cells in the respiratory tract
IV.Laryngospasm
V.Glottis closure
A)I, II, and III
B)I, II, III, and IV
C)I, II, IV, and V
D)I, II, III, IV, and V
Q2) What is a <b><u>Common enzyme</u></b> that helps with the breakdown of dietary proteins
A)Erythromycin
B)Metoclopramide
C)Pepsin
D)Reglan
Q3) Cyanide poisoning cannot be accurately evaluated based on pulse oximetry levels.
A)True
B)False
Page 20
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Chapter 19: Neurological Accidents
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19 Verified Questions
19 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What evaluation tools are helpful in determining a long-term pulmonary strategy for patients with a spinal Cord injury
I.Modified barium swallow
II.Sleep studies
III.Abdominal binders
IV.Diaphragm pacing
A)I, II, and III
B)I and II
C)II, III, and IV
D)II and IV
Q2) What are some noncranial injuries that affect the respiratory system
I.Bruising of lung during blunt force trauma
II.Aspiration pneumonia
III.Decreased fluid in the parenchyma
IV.Rib fracture
V.Torn diaphragm
A) I, III, and V
B)I, II, and IV
C)II, IV, and V
D)III, IV, and V
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Page 21
Chapter 20: Ethics in Perinatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38117
Sample Questions
Q1) Which terms describes a clinician's moral and legal right to not provide care he or she finds ethically objectionable
A)Futility
B)Moral distress
C)Best-interest standard
D)Conscientious refusal
Q2) Withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy means the patient is no longer receiving care.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What ethical principle is observed when a registered respiratory therapist provides care that is in the best interest of the patient
A)Justice
B)Beneficence
C)Nonmaleficence
D)Autonomy
E)Veracity
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Chapter 21: Palliative and End of Life Care
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38118
Sample Questions
Q1) The family members of a patient have requested extubation to be done immediately.The registered respiratory therapist removes the endotracheal tube without weaning the ventilator to honor the family's wishes.Which of the following terms describes this approach to disContinuing mechanical ventilation
A)Terminal wean
B)Terminal extubation
C)Best wishes wean
D)Dignity with death wean
Q2) ________ focuses on helping patients and families decide what medical interventions are most likely to be helpful, rather than harmful, and also focuses on managing pain and other symptoms where Comfort is the intended outCome.
Q3) Terminal sedation refers to the careful Control of symptoms with intent to cause death.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Euthanasia is gaining support in the United States but still remains illegal.
A)True
B)False
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