Patient Assessment in Nursing
Chapter Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Patient Assessment in Nursing focuses on the foundational skills and knowledge required for comprehensive health assessment of patients across the lifespan. This course covers systematic approaches to collecting subjective and objective data, performing physical examinations, and utilizing assessment tools to evaluate the physical, psychological, social, and cultural aspects of patient health. Emphasis is placed on developing effective communication techniques, clinical reasoning, and documentation skills essential for identifying health needs, promoting patient safety, and formulating appropriate nursing interventions. Through theoretical knowledge and practical experiences, students gain proficiency in assessment techniques that inform clinical decision-making and evidence-based care.
Recommended Textbook
Physical Examination and Health Assessment 5th Edition by Carolyn Jarvis
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Chapter 1: Critical Thinking in Health Assessment
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Q1) Which statement about nursing diagnoses is true? They:
A)evaluate the etiology of disease.
B)are a process based on the medical diagnosis.
C)evaluate the response of the whole person to actual or potential health problems.
D)focus on the function and malfunction of a specific organ system in response to disease.
Answer: C
Q2) Second-level priority problems include which of the following?
A)Low self-esteem
B)Lack of knowledge
C)Abnormal laboratory values
D)Severely abnormal vital signs
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: Developmental Tasks and Health Promotion
Across the Life Cycle
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Q1) If a mother hides a block under her baby's blanket and the baby looks for it,the nurse understands that the baby has begun to develop the concept of:
A)relativism.
B)object prehension.
C)separation anxiety.
D)object permanence.
Answer: D
Q2) An infant weighs 7 pounds at birth.At the well-child visit 6 months later,the nurse would expect the infant to weigh at least:
A)12 pounds.
B)14 pounds.
C)17 pounds.
D)21 pounds.
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Cultural Competence: Cultural Care
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Q1) Which of the following examples illustrates the concept of a cultural taboo?
A)Belief that illness is a punishment of sin
B)Trying prayer before seeking medical help
C)Refusing to accept blood products as part of treatment
D)Stating that a child's birth defect is the result of the parents' sins
Answer: C
Q2) A woman brings her 15-month-old son in for a well-child visit.When asked questions about his pattern of behaviors and appetite,she seems at a loss for answers.What is the nurse's best response?
A)Contact social services because she may be neglecting her son.
B)Determine whether she is the primary provider of care for her son.
C)Assume that she knows her son's habits and may be hiding something unusual.
D)Discuss with her how important it is to observe growth and development patterns to see a delay early.
Answer: B
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Chapter 4: The Interview
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Q1) A pregnant woman states,"I just know labor will be so painful that I won't be able to stand it.I know it sounds awful,but I really dread going into labor." The nurse responds by stating,"Oh,don't worry about labor so much.I have been through it and although it is painful there are many good medications to decrease the pain." Which statement is true regarding this response?
A)It was a therapeutic response.By sharing something personal,the nurse gives hope to this woman.
B)It was a nontherapeutic response.By providing false reassurance,the nurse actually cut off further discussion of the woman's fears.
C)It was a therapeutic response.By providing information about the medications available,the nurse is giving information to the woman.
D)It was a nontherapeutic response.The nurse is essentially giving the message to the woman that labor cannot be tolerated without medication.
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Chapter 5: The Complete Health History
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Q1) During an assessment,the nurse uses the CAGE test.The patient answers "yes" to two of the questions.What could this be indicating?
A)The patient is an alcoholic.
B)The patient is annoyed at the questions.
C)The patient should be examined thoroughly for possible alcohol withdrawal symptoms.
D)The nurse should suspect alcohol abuse and continue with a more thorough substance abuse assessment.
Q2) In response to a question about stress,a 39-year-old woman tells the nurse that her husband and mother both died in the past year.Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
A)"This has been a difficult year for you."
B)"I don't know how anyone could handle that much stress in 1 year!"
C)"What did you do to cope with the loss of both your husband and mother?"
D)"That is a lot of stress;now let's go on to the next section of your history."
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Chapter 6: Mental Status Assessment
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Q1) When examining a patient,the nurse can assess mental status by:
A)examining the patient's electroencephalogram.
B)observing the patient as he or she performs an IQ test.
C)observing the patient and inferring health or dysfunction.
D)examining the patient's response to a specific set of questions.
Q2) A woman has come to the clinic to seek help with a substance abuse problem.She admits to using cocaine just before arrival.Which of the following describes what the nurse would expect to find when examining this woman?
A)Dilated pupils,pacing,psychomotor agitation
B)Dilated pupils,unsteady gait,aggressiveness
C)Pupil constriction,lethargy,apathy,dysphoria
D)Constricted pupils,euphoria,decreased temperature
Q3) The nurse is planning health teaching for a 65-year-old woman who has had a cerebrovascular accident,or stroke,and is aphasic.Which of the following is most important to use when assessing mental status in this situation?
A)"Please count back from 100 by seven."
B)"I will name three items and ask you to repeat them in a few minutes."
C)"Please point to articles in the room and parts of the body as I name them."
D)"What would you do if you found a stamped,addressed envelope on the sidewalk?"
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Domestic Violence Assessment
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Q1) Which term refers to a wound produced by the tearing and/or splitting of body tissue,usually from blunt impact over a bony surface?
A)Abrasion
B)Contusion
C)Laceration
D)Hematoma
Q2) The nurse is assessing an elderly woman and suspects abuse.Which questions are appropriate for screening for abuse?
A)Has anyone ever physically hurt you?
B)Are you being abused?
C)Are you alone a lot?
D)Are you afraid of anybody at home or who enters your home?
E)Has anyone ever failed to help you take care of yourself when you needed help?
Q3) The nurse is aware that intimate partner violence (IPV)screening should occur with which situation?
A)When IPV is suspected
B)When a woman has an unexplained injury
C)As a routine part of each health care encounter
D)When there is a known history of abuse in the family
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Chapter 8: Assessment Techniques and the Clinical Setting
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Q1) Which statement is true regarding the diaphragm of the stethoscope?
A)Use the diaphragm to listen for high-pitched sounds.
B)Use the diaphragm to listen for low-pitched sounds.
C)Hold the diaphragm lightly against the person's skin to block out low-pitched sounds.
D)Hold the diaphragm lightly against the person's skin to listen for extra heart sounds and murmurs.
Q2) Fingertips
A)Should be used to detect the shape and consistency of a mass in the axilla
B)Best for evaluating the skin texture over the abdomen.
C)Used to determine the temperature of the patient's skin.
D)Best for detecting vibration over the thorax and abdomen.
Q3) Base of fingers (metacarpophalangeal joints)or ulnar surface of the hand
A)Should be used to detect the shape and consistency of a mass in the axilla
B)Best for evaluating the skin texture over the abdomen.
C)Used to determine the temperature of the patient's skin.
D)Best for detecting vibration over the thorax and abdomen.
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Chapter 9: General Survey, measurement, vital Signs
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Q1) A patient is being seen in the clinic for complaints of "fainting episodes that started last week." How should the nurse proceed with the examination?
A)Take his blood pressure in both arms and thighs.
B)Assist him to a lying position and begin taking his blood pressure.
C)Record his blood pressure in the lying,sitting,and standing positions.
D)Record his blood pressure in the lying and sitting positions and average these numbers to obtain a mean blood pressure.
Q2) Physical growth is the best index of a child's:
A)general health.
B)genetic makeup.
C)nutritional status.
D)activity and exercise patterns.
Q3) When checking for proper blood pressure cuff size,the nurse knows that which of the following is true?
A)The standard cuff size is appropriate for all sizes.
B)The length of the rubber bladder should equal 80% of the person's arm circumference.
C)The width of the rubber bladder should equal 80% of the arm circumference.
D)The width of the rubber bladder should equal 40% of the arm circumference.
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Chapter 10: Pain Assessment: the Fifth Vital Sign
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Q1) Which type of pain is due to an abnormal processing of the pain impulse through the peripheral or central nervous system?
A)Visceral pain
B)Referred pain
C)Cutaneous pain
D)Neuropathic pain
Q2) When evaluating a patient's pain,the nurse knows that an example of acute pain would be:
A)arthritic pain.
B)fibromyalgia.
C)kidney stones.
D)low back pain.
Q3) Nociception is the term used to describe how noxious stimuli are typically perceived as pain.During which phase of nociception does the conscious awareness of a painful sensation occur?
A)Perception
B)Modulation
C)Transduction
D)Transmission
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Chapter 11: Nutritional Assessment
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Q1) In performing an assessment on a 49-year-old woman who has imbalanced nutrition as a result of dysphagia,which of the following data would the nurse expect to find?
A)An increase in hair growth
B)Inadequate food intake
C)Weight 10% to 20% over ideal
D)Sore,inflamed buccal cavity
Q2) During a nutritional assessment,why is it important for the nurse to ask a patient what medications he or she is taking?
A)Certain drugs can affect the metabolism of nutrients.
B)The nurse needs to assess the patient for allergic reactions.
C)Medications need to be documented on the record for the physician's review.
D)Medications can affect one's memory and ability to identify food eaten in the last 24 hours.
Q3) Which of the following statements is true concerning the nutritional assessment?
A)It is only useful in patients who are overweight.
B)It identifies patients who are at risk of malnutrition.
C)This assessment can only be thoroughly done by a dietician.
D)It provides the nurse with physical findings related to all the systems.
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Skin, hair, and Nails
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Q1) A newborn infant has Down syndrome.During the skin assessment,the nurse notices a transient mottling in the trunk and extremities in response to the cooler examination room temperature.The infant's mother also notices the mottling and asks what it is.The nurse knows that this mottling is called:
A)café au lait.
B)carotenemia.
C)acrocyanosis.
D)cutis marmorata.
Q2) The nurse notices that a patient has a solid,elevated,circumscribed lesion that is less than 1 cm in diameter.When documenting this finding,the nurse would report this as a: A)bulla.
B)wheal.
C)nodule.
D)papule.
Q3) When assessing inflammation in a dark-skinned person,the nurse may need to:
A)assess the skin for cyanosis and swelling.
B)assess the oral mucosa for generalized erythema.
C)palpate the skin for edema and increased warmth.
D)palpate for tenderness and local areas of ecchymosis.
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Q1) During an assessment of an infant,the nurse notes that the fontanels are depressed and sunken.The nurse suspects which condition?
A)Rickets
B)Dehydration
C)Mental retardation
D)Increased intracranial pressure
Q2) A mother brings in her newborn infant for an assessment and tells the nurse that she has noticed that whenever her newborn's head is turned to the right side,she straightens out the arm and leg on the same side and flexes the opposite arm and leg.After finding this on examination,the nurse would tell her that this is:
A)abnormal and is called the atonic neck reflex.
B)normal and should disappear by the first year of life.
C)normal and should disappear between 3 and 4 months of age.
D)abnormal.The baby should be flexing the arm and leg on the right side of his body when the head is turned to the right.
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Chapter 14: Eyes
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Q1) When a light is directed across the iris of the eye from the temporal side,the examiner is assessing for:
A)drainage from dacryocystitis.
B)the presence of conjunctivitis over the iris.
C)the presence of shadows,which may indicate glaucoma.
D)a scattered light reflex,which may be indicative of cataracts.
Q2) In assessing the sclera of a black patient,which of the following would be an expected finding?
A)Yellow fatty deposits over the cornea
B)Pallor near the outer canthus of the lower lid
C)Yellow color of the sclera that extends up to the iris
D)The presence of small brown macules on the sclera
Q3) During ocular examinations,the nurse keeps in mind that movement of the extraocular muscles is:
A)decreased in the elderly.
B)impaired in a patient with cataracts.
C)stimulated by cranial nerves I and II.
D)stimulated by cranial nerves III,IV,and VI.
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Ears
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Q1) During a hearing assessment the nurse finds that sound lateralizes to the patient's left ear with the Weber test.What can the nurse conclude from this?
A)The patient has a conductive hearing loss in the right ear.
B)Lateralization is a normal finding with the Weber test.
C)The patient could have either a sensorineural or a conductive loss.
D)A mistake has occurred;the test must be repeated.
Q2) A 31-year-old patient tells the nurse that he has noticed pain in his left ear when people speak loudly to him.The nurse knows that this finding:
A)is normal for people of that age.
B)is a characteristic of recruitment.
C)may indicate a middle ear infection.
D)indicates that the patient has a cerumen impaction.
Q3) Which of the following would be true regarding otoscopic examination of a newborn?
A)Immobility of the drum is a normal finding.
B)An injected membrane would indicate infection.
C)The normal membrane may appear thick and opaque.
D)The appearance of the membrane is identical to that of an adult.
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Chapter 16: Nose, mouth, and Throat
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Q1) A 32-year-old woman is at the clinic for "little white bumps in my mouth." During the assessment,the nurse notes that she has a 0.5 cm white,nontender papule under her tongue and one on the mucosa of her right cheek.What would the nurse tell the patient?
A)"These spots are seen with infections such as strep throat."
B)"These could be indicative of a serious lesion,so I will refer you to a specialist."
C)"This is called leukoplakia and can be caused by chronic irritation such as smoking."
D)"These bumps are Fordyce's granules,which are sebaceous cysts and not a serious condition."
Q2) The nurse is doing an assessment on a 21-year-old patient and notes that his nasal mucosa appears pale,gray,and swollen.What would be the most appropriate question to ask the patient?
A)"Are you aware of having any allergies?"
B)"Do you have an elevated temperature?"
C)"Have you had any symptoms of a cold?"
D)"Have you been having frequent nosebleeds?"
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Chapter 17: Breasts and Regional Lymphatics
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Q1) While inspecting a patient's breasts,the nurse finds that the left breast is slightly larger than the right with the presence of Montgomery's glands bilaterally and a fine venous pattern in both breasts.The nurse would:
A)palpate over the venous patterns,checking for drainage.
B)consider these normal findings and proceed with the examination.
C)ask extensive history questions regarding the woman's breast asymmetry.
D)continue with examination and then refer the patient for further evaluation of the Montgomery's glands.
Q2) A patient is newly diagnosed with benign breast disease.The nurse recognizes that which statement about benign breast disease is true? The presence of benign breast disease:
A)makes it more difficult to examine the breasts.
B)frequently turns into cancer in a woman's later years.
C)is easily reduced with hormone replacement therapy.
D)is usually diagnosed before a woman reaches childbearing age.
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Chapter 18: Thorax and Lungs
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Q1) A teenage patient comes to the emergency department with complaints of an inability to "breathe and a sharp pain in my left chest." The assessment findings include the following: cyanosis,tachypnea,tracheal deviation to the right,decreased tactile fremitus on the left,hyperresonance on the left,and decreased breath sounds on the left.This description is consistent with: A)bronchitis.
B)a pneumothorax.
C)acute pneumonia.
D)an asthmatic attack.
Q2) A patient comes to the clinic complaining of a cough that is worse at night but not as bad during the day.The nurse recognizes that this may indicate: A)pneumonia.
B)postnasal drip or sinusitis.
C)exposure to irritants at work.
D)chronic bronchial irritation from smoking.
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Chapter 19: Heart and Neck Vessels
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Q1) When the nurse is auscultating the carotid artery for bruits,which of the following reflects correct technique?
A)While listening with the bell of the stethoscope,have the patient take a deep breath and hold it.
B)While auscultating one side with the bell of the stethoscope,palpate the carotid artery on the other side to check pulsations.
C)Lightly apply the bell of the stethoscope over the carotid artery;have the patient take a breath,exhale,and hold it briefly while the nurse listens.
D)Firmly place the bell of the stethoscope over the carotid artery,have the patient take a breath,exhale,and hold it briefly while the nurse listens.
Q2) During a cardiovascular assessment,the nurse knows that a "thrill" is:
A)a vibration that is palpable.
B)palpated in the right epigastric area.
C)associated with ventricular hypertrophy.
D)a murmur auscultated at the third intercostal space.
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21
Chapter 20: Peripheral Vascular System and Lymphatic System
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Q1) A patient has hard,nonpitting edema of the left lower leg and ankle.The nurse knows that:
A)nonpitting,hard edema occurs with lymphatic obstruction.
B)alterations in arterial function will cause this edema.
C)phlebitis of a superficial vein will cause bilateral edema.
D)long-standing arterial obstruction will cause pitting edema.
Q2) The nurse would perform a modified Allen test for which reason?
A)To measure the rate of lymphatic drainage
B)To evaluate the adequacy of capillary patency before venous blood draws
C)To evaluate the adequacy of collateral circulation before cannulating the radial artery
D)To evaluate the venous refill rate that occurs after the ulnar and radial arteries are temporarily occluded
Q3) The major artery supplying the arm is the:
A)ulnar artery.
B)radial artery.
C)brachial artery.
D)deep palmar artery.
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Page 22
Chapter 21: Abdomen
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Q1) A 40-year-old man states that his doctor told him that he has a hernia.He asks the nurse to explain what a hernia is.Which action by the nurse is appropriate?
A)Tell him not to worry,that most men his age develop hernias.
B)Refer him to his physician for additional consultation because he or she made the initial diagnosis.
C)Explain that a hernia is a loop of bowel protruding through a weak spot in the abdominal muscles.
D)Explain that hernias that occur in adulthood are often the result of prenatal growth abnormalities.
Q2) A patient has been diagnosed with pernicious anemia.The nurse knows that this condition could be related to:
A)increased gastric acid secretion.
B)decreased gastric acid secretion.
C)delayed gastrointestinal emptying time.
D)increased gastrointestinal emptying time.
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Chapter 22: Musculoskeletal System
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Q1) A patient who has had rheumatoid arthritis for years comes to the clinic to ask about changes in her hands.The nurse knows that changes associated with rheumatoid arthritis include:
A)Heberden's nodes.
B)Bouchard's nodules.
C)swan-neck deformities.
D)Dupuytren's contractures.
Q2) A woman who is 8 months pregnant comments that she has noticed a change in posture and is having lower back pain.The nurse tells her that during pregnancy women have a posture shift to compensate for the enlarging fetus.This shift in posture is known as:
A)lordosis.
B)scoliosis.
C)ankylosis.
D)kyphosis.
Q3) The functional units of the musculoskeletal system are the:
A)joints.
B)bones.
C)muscles. D)tendons.
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Chapter 23: Neurologic System
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Q1) The nurse places a key in the hand of a patient and he identifies it as a penny.What term would the nurse use to describe this finding?
A)Extinction
B)Astereognosis
C)Graphesthesia
D)Tactile discrimination
Q2) While gathering equipment for an intravenous injection,a nurse accidentally received a prick from an improperly capped needle.To interpret this sensation,which of the following areas must be intact?
A)Corticospinal tract,medulla,and basal ganglia
B)Pyramidal tract,hypothalamus,and sensory cortex
C)Lateral spinothalamic tract,thalamus,and sensory cortex
D)Anterior spinothalamic tract,basal ganglia,and sensory cortex
Q3) During the history,a patient tells the nurse that "it feels like the room is spinning around me." The nurse would document this as:
A)vertigo.
B)syncope.
C)dizziness.
D)seizure activity.
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Page 25
Chapter 24: Male Genitourinary System
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Q1) When the nurse is performing a testicular examination on a 25-year-old man,which of the following findings is considered normal?
A)Nontender subcutaneous plaques
B)A scrotal area that is dry,scaly and nodular
C)Testes that feel oval and movable and are slightly sensitive to compression
D)A single,hard,circumscribed,movable mass,less than 1 cm under the surface of the testes
Q2) A 62-year-old man states that his doctor told him that he has an "inguinal hernia." He asks the nurse to explain what a hernia is.The nurse should:
A)tell him not to worry and that most men his age develop hernias.
B)explain that a hernia is often the result of prenatal growth abnormalities.
C)refer him to his physician for additional consultation because the physician made the initial diagnosis.
D)explain that a hernia is a loop of bowel protruding through a weak spot in the abdominal muscles.
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Chapter 25: Anus,rectum,and Prostate
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Q1) While assessing a hospitalized,bedridden patient,the nurse notes that the patient has been incontinent of stool.The stool is loose and gray-tan in color.The nurse recognizes that this finding indicates which of the following?
A)Occult blood
B)Inflammation
C)Absent bile pigment
D)Ingestion of iron preparations
Q2) A 62-year-old man is experiencing fever,chills,malaise,and urinary frequency and urgency.He also reports urethral discharge and a dull aching pain in the perineal and rectal area.These symptoms are most consistent with which of the following?
A)Prostatitis
B)Urinary tract infection
C)Carcinoma of the prostate
D)Benign prostatic hypertrophy
Q3) Which of the following techniques is correct for palpation of the rectum?
A)Flex the finger and insert slowly toward the umbilicus.
B)Instruct the patient first that this will be a painful procedure.
C)Insert an extended index finger at a right angle to the anus.
D)Place the finger directly into the anus to overcome the tight sphincter.
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Page 27
Chapter 26: Female Genitourinary System
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Q1) A woman is in the clinic for an annual gynecologic examination.The nurse should plan to begin the interview with the:
A)menstrual history because it is generally nonthreatening.
B)obstetric history because it is the most important information.
C)urinary system history because there may be problems in this area as well.
D)sexual history because it will build rapport to discuss this first.
Q2) When performing an external genitalia examination of a 10-year-old girl,the nurse notes the following: no pubic hair,the mons and the labia are covered with fine vellus hair.These findings are consistent with which stage of sexual maturity,according to the Sexual Maturity Rating scale?
A)Stage 1
B)Stage 2
C)Stage 3
D)Stage 4
Q3) When observing the vestibule,the nurse should be able to see the:
A)urethral meatus and vaginal orifice.
B)vaginal orifice and vestibular (Bartholin's)glands.
C)urethral meatus and paraurethral (Skene's)glands.
D)paraurethral (Skene's)and vestibular (Bartholin's)glands.
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Sample Questions
Q1) A patient's uvula rises midline when she says "ahh" and she has a positive gag reflex.The nurse has just tested which cranial nerves?
A)IX,X
B)IX,XII
C)X,XII
D)XI,XII
Q2) The nurse is documenting the assessment of an infant.During the abdominal assessment,the nurse noted a very loud splash auscultated over the upper abdomen when the nurse rocked her from side to side.This finding would indicate:
A)epigastric hernia.
B)pyloric obstruction.
C)hypoactive bowel sounds.
D)hyperactive bowel sounds.
Q3) Gloves should be worn for which of the following examinations?
A)Measuring vital signs
B)Palpation of the sinuses
C)Palpation of the mouth and tongue
D)Inspection of the eye with an ophthalmoscope
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Chapter 28: Reassessment of the Hospitalized Adult
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Q1) What should the nurse assess before entering the patient's room on morning rounds?
A)Posted conditions,such as isolation precautions
B)The patient's input and output chart from the previous shift
C)The patient's general appearance
D)The presence of any visitors in the room
Q2) During an assessment,the nurse is unable to palpate pulses in the left lower leg.The nurse should:
A)document that the pulses are not palpable.
B)reassess the pulses in 1 hour.
C)have the patient turn to the side and then palpate for the pulses again.
D)use a Doppler device to assess the pulses.
Q3) When assessing the neurologic system of a hospitalized patient during morning rounds,the nurse will include which of the following?
A)Blood pressure
B)The patient's rating of pain on a 1 to 10 scale
C)The patient's ability to communicate
D)The patient's personal hygiene level
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Chapter 29: The Pregnant Female
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Q1) When performing the examination of a woman who is 8 weeks' pregnant,the nurse notes that the cervix is a bluish color.The nurse would document this finding as:
A)Hegar's sign.
B)Homan's sign.
C)Chadwick's sign.
D)Goodell's sign.
Q2) When auscultating the anterior thorax of a pregnant woman,the nurse notes the presence of a murmur over the second,third,and fourth intercostal spaces.It is continuous but can be obliterated by pressure with the stethoscope or finger on the thorax just lateral to the murmur.The nurse knows that this is:
A)the murmur of aortic stenosis.
B)most likely a mammary souffle.
C)associated with aortic insufficiency.
D)indication of a patent ductus arteriosis.
Q3) Which of the following correctly describes the average length of pregnancy?
A)38 weeks
B)9 lunar months
C)280 days from the last day of the last menstrual period
D)280 days from the first day of the last menstrual period
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Page 31
Chapter 30: Functional Assessment of the Older Adult
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Q1) Which statement about the Lawton IADL instrument is true?
A)The nurse uses direct observation to implement this tool.
B)It is designed as a self-report measure of performance rather than ability.
C)It is not useful in the acute hospital setting.
D)It is best used for those residing in an institutional setting.
Q2) When using the various instruments to assess an older person's activities of daily living,the nurse needs to remember that a disadvantage of these instruments includes:
A)the reliability of the tools.
B)self or proxy report of functional activities.
C)lack of confidentiality during the assessment.
D)insufficient detail about the deficiencies identified.
Q3) An 85-year-old man has been hospitalized after a fall at home,and his 86-year-old wife is at his bedside.She tells the nurse that she is his primary caregiver.The nurse should assess the caregiver for signs of possible caregiver burnout,such as:
A)depression.
B)weight gain.
C)hypertension.
D)social phobias.
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