Pathophysiology and Pharmacology Test Bank
Course Introduction
This course explores the fundamental mechanisms of disease processes (pathophysiology) and the scientific basis for pharmacological interventions used to treat them. Students will examine alterations in normal physiology that underlie common diseases, integrating knowledge of anatomy, biochemistry, and cellular biology. The pharmacology component introduces principles of drug action, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and the therapeutic and adverse effects of major drug classes. Case studies and clinical scenarios illustrate the relationship between disease symptoms, underlying pathology, and pharmacologic management, preparing students for clinical decision-making in healthcare settings.
Recommended Textbook
Introduction to Clinical Pharmacology 7th Edition by Marilyn Edmunds
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24 Chapters
575 Verified Questions
575 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1131 Page 2
Chapter 1: Pharmacology and the Nursing Process in LPN Practice
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25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22201
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following nursing actions is an example of the evaluation step in medication administration?
A) Obtaining the clotting time results of a patient on an anticoagulant
B) Asking the patient if he or she has any allergies to medications
C) Checking a drug reference to verify the action of the drug
D) Explaining to the patient the possible side effects of the drug
Answer: A
Q2) Which of the following nursing actions should ensure that a medication is given to the right patient?
A) Checking the patient's identification bracelet
B) Verifying the medication record with the chart
C) Verifying the room number with the chart
D) Asking the patient to state his or her birth date and Social Security number
Answer: A
Q3) Which of the following are never administered if prepared by another nurse?
A) Written orders
B) Daily reports
C) Diet selections
D) Medications
Answer: D
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Patient Teaching and Health Literacy
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31 Verified Questions
31 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22202
Sample Questions
Q1) Health literacy is a problem for which of the following reasons? (Select all that apply. )
A) Age and lack of financial resources
B) Inability to read a map
C) Inability to read a prescription
D) Little knowledge of diseases
Answer: B,C,D
Q2) The term concordance is sometimes preferred over compliance or noncompliance when speaking of a patient following a prescribed plan of care for which of the following reasons?
A) It is judgmental.
B) It is nonjudgmental.
C) It is caring.
D) It is uncaring.
Answer: B
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4
Chapter 3: Legal Aspects Affecting the Administration of Medications
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24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22203
Sample Questions
Q1) A patient is discharged from the hospital.All the medications the patient was taking that are classified as controlled substances must be given to which of the following?
A) The patient at discharge
B) The patient's family at discharge
C) The hospital pharmacy after the patient's discharge
D) Another hospital patient after the patient's discharge
Answer: C
Q2) A patient brings his multivitamins to the hospital and asks the LPN/LVN if he can take them.Which of the following is the nurse's best response?
A) "Yes,but I must keep them in the medication room."
B) "No,I have to obtain a doctor's order first."
C) "Yes,let me put them in your bedside stand for you."
D) "Not until the pharmacist adds them to your medication record."
Answer: B
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Chapter 4: Foundations and Principles of Pharmacology
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26 Verified Questions
26 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22204
Sample Questions
Q1) Cell membranes with very small passages,such as the placental and blood-brain barriers,affect which of the following pharmacokinetic processes?
A) Absorption
B) Distribution
C) Metabolism
D) Excretion
Q2) A nurse is administering a patient's medication by mouth.The nurse knows that for this medication to be utilized by the body,diffusion,filtration,and osmosis must take place.Which of the following mechanisms is the first to be involved in that process?
A) Excretion
B) Metabolism
C) Distribution
D) Absorption
Q3) Which of the following can affect the half-life of a drug?
A) Patient age
B) Liver dysfunction
C) Cardiac disease
D) Smoking
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6
Chapter 5: Lifespan and Cultural Modifications
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18 Verified Questions
18 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22205
Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is counseling a young woman who is planning her pregnancy.She asks if there is anything she might do to help prevent birth defects in her unborn child.Which of the following would be an appropriate response to the patient?
A) "There is no way you can prevent a natural condition."
B) "Birth defects only happen occasionally to some people."
C) "Eating a diet rich in iron may prevent or stop birth defects."
D) "Taking multivitamins with folic acid will help prevent birth defects."
Q2) Because of their compromised immunity,patients with AIDS are at greater risk for serious complications due to fungal infections.Treatment of such a condition is aimed at killing which of the following infections and in how many days? (Select all that apply. )
A) Candida albicans
B) 7 days
C) Herpes simplex
D) 2 days
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Therapies, and Drugs for Health Promotion
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19 Verified Questions
19 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22206
Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is discussing with a patient the key points about taking an over-the-counter (OTC)medication.The nurse should include which of the following information?
A) "The medicine will maintain its potency for 3 months after the expiration date."
B) "Take the medicine until it is finished."
C) "If symptoms persist,stop treating yourself and see your doctor."
D) "Adjust the dosage to your specific needs."
Q2) The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act passed by Congress in 1994 addresses which of the following issues with OTC dietary supplements? (Select all that apply. )
A) Disease claims
B) Functional cure
C) Preventions
D) Toxicities
Q3) Iron supplements are used in the treatment of which of the following conditions?
A) Anemia
B) Osteoporosis
C) Esophageal reflux
D) Constipation
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Review of Mathematical Principles
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19 Verified Questions
19 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22207
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following represents 4/8 raised to a higher term?
A) 8/16
B) 4/16
C) 1/16
D) 2/16
Q2) The fraction 1/4 is correctly expressed as a decimal fraction by which of the following?
A) 0.02
B) 2.50
C) 0.25
D) 0.40
Q3) Which of the following represents x in the proportion "10 : 100 :: 5 : x"?
A) 50
B) 25
C) 20
D) 40
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Chapter 8: Mathematical Calculations Used in Pharmacology
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22208
Sample Questions
Q1) The patient has a temperature of 38.9° C.Which of the following represents this temperature in Fahrenheit?
A) 104° F
B) 102° F
C) 98.6° F
D) 97.2° F
Q2) If there are 10 grams of medicine in 120 mL of solution,which of the following represents the number of grams in 720 mL?
A) 35 g
B) 50 g
C) 60 g
D) 75 g
Q3) Which of the following is equal to 2 tablespoonfuls?
A) 30 mL
B) 15 mL
C) 10 mL
D) 5 mL
Q4) Calculate the following: 1 kg = _____g.
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Chapter 9: Calculating Drug Dosages
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22209
Sample Questions
Q1) Ordered is codeine 1 gr PO;it is available in 30-mg tablets.Which of the following represents the number of tablets the patient should get?
A) 1.5 tablets
B) 1.2 tablets
C) 3 tablets
D) 2 tablets
Q2) A doctor has ordered a dose of Synthroid of 0.15 mg daily for a patient.The nurse learns that the pharmacy only stocks 50 mcg scored tablets.Which of the following represents the correct number of 50 mcg Synthroid tablets to give this patient?
A) 1 1/2 tablets
B) 2 whole tablets
C) 3 whole tablets
D) 3/4 tablet
Q3) Place the following steps in the correct order for performing a dosage calculation.
A)Calculate the dosage.
B)Change the dosages to the same unit of measurement.
C)Use common sense.
D)Reduce to the simplest terms.
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Chapter 10: Preparing and Administering Medications
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22210
Sample Questions
Q1) Standard precautions to prevent transmission of HIV and other blood-borne pathogens should be used when the nurse is likely to come into contact with blood,semen,vaginal secretions,and possibly breast milk.Only these four fluids have been shown to transmit HIV.Although the risk is unknown,universal precautions for prevention of HIV have also been suggested for which of the following bodily fluids?
A) Tears
B) Sweat
C) Pleural fluid
D) Nasal secretions
Q2) Which of the following is done after giving medication through a nasogastric tube that is connected to suction?
A) The tube is reconnected to the suction.
B) The tube is clamped for 10 minutes then reconnected to suction.
C) The tube is clamped for 30 minutes then reconnected to suction.
D) The suction is left off for 4 hours then reconnected to suction.
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12
Chapter 11: Allergy and Respiratory Medications
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22211
Sample Questions
Q1) A patient is experiencing severe headaches and pressure over her eyes.She feels congested but has no temperature elevation.There is a past history of sinus infection with this patient.The physician might order which of the following?
A) Expectorant
B) Antibiotic
C) Antitussive
D) Decongestant
Q2) Intranasal steroids are used when which of the following is true?
A) Low-grade infection is present and has not responded to the use of antibiotics.
B) Conventional methods of reducing inflammation have been tried and found to be ineffective.
C) The patient is pregnant.
D) The patient is immunocompromised.
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13
Chapter 12: Antiinfective Medications
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27 Verified Questions
27 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22212
Sample Questions
Q1) Patients should not be given sulfonamides if they have a history of sensitivity to which of the following?
A) Antihypertensive medications
B) Thiazide diuretics
C) Cold preparations containing acetaminophen
D) Insulin
Q2) Which of the following adverse reactions is/are associated with the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics? (Select all that apply. )
A) Increased appetite
B) Overgrowth of yeast
C) Superinfection
D) Bacterial changes in the bowel
Q3) Treatment for active tuberculosis includes which of the following?
A) Long-term treatment with more than one drug
B) The need to develop drug-resistant organisms
C) Chemoprophylaxis with bacteriostatic medications
D) Chemotherapy in patients at high risk for developing infection
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14
Chapter
Medications
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22213
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following dietary recommendations is given when administering the antifungal medication griseofulvin?
A) Take this medication with juice.
B) Take this medication with milk.
C) You must maintain a salt-free diet
D) Your meals should be high in fat.
Q2) Antiretroviral agents exert their effect by which of the following means?
A) Boosting the body's T-cell production
B) Producing artificially acquired active immunity
C) Interfering with replication of the retrovirus
D) Lysing the DNA of the host cell
Q3) Which of the following are the most common adverse reactions to antifungal medications? (Select all that apply. )
A) Nausea
B) Vomiting
C) Headache
D) Diarrhea
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Antineoplastic Medications
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22214
Sample Questions
Q1) A patient in treatment for multiple myeloma is on Mesnex (ifosfamide).She reports to the nurse that she is having bouts of nausea and has been unable to eat.Which of the following would be the best advice to give her?
A) Take nothing by mouth until this passes.
B) Replace fluid losses right away.
C) Only eat nonsalty foods.
D) Hold ice chips in your mouth.
Q2) Which of the following terms refers to a medication that interferes with metabolic functions in cells?
A) Antibiotic
B) Alkylating agent
C) Antimetabolite
D) Mitotic inhibitor
Q3) Which of the following over-the-counter medications might a patient on chemotherapy use to control nausea?
A) Zinc and honey
B) Vitamin C and honey
C) Herbal preparations
D) Vanilla extract
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Cardiovascular and Renal Medications
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38 Verified Questions
38 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22215
Sample Questions
Q1) A patient arrives at the emergency department with a heart rate that is 58 and irregular.After a diagnostic workup,the patient is found to have a cardiac conduction problem.The nurse caring for this patient knows this cardiac disease occurs in patients who have which of the following abnormalities?
A) An increased oxygen level in cardiac muscle cells
B) A decreased oxygen level in cardiac muscle cells
C) Low level of vitamin B complex
D) High level of vitamin B complex
Q2) The LPN/LVN must be aware that digitalis can cause toxicity;it can also cause hormonal effects in male patients.Which of the following hormonal problems can this medication cause a male patient?
A) Increased appetite and weight gain
B) Swelling in the legs and feet
C) Gynecomastia and tender breasts
D) Discoloration around the neck and eyes
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Chapter 16: Central and Peripheral Nervous System
Medications
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24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22216
Sample Questions
Q1) Antimigraine agents act by which of the following mechanisms?
A) Blocking parasympathetic nerve impulses
B) Increasing cerebral blood flow
C) Constricting dilated cerebral arteries
D) Exerting a sympathomimetic effect
Q2) The nurse should include which of the following when teaching an adult patient about an antivertigo agent?
A) Some patients experience hyperactivity.
B) Take 30 to 60 minutes before airplane or boat departure.
C) Take 30 minutes after meals.
D) Do not take with dairy products.
Q3) Which of the following medications is classified as a benzodiazepine?
A) Lorazepam (Ativan)
B) Buspirone (BuSpar)
C) Benztropine (Cogentin)
D) Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
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18
Chapter 17: Medications for Pain Management and Anesthesia
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18 Verified Questions
18 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22217
Sample Questions
Q1) Contraindications to taking nonnarcotic analgesics include which of the following conditions? (Select all that apply. )
A) Hypertension
B) Emotional problems
C) Drug abuse
D) Asthma
Q2) Which of the following is an example of a procedure appropriate for local anesthesia?
A) Tonsillectomy
B) Dental procedure
C) Caesarean section
D) Hip replacement
Q3) The patient asks for pain medication after abdominal surgery.By which of the following means would the nurse determine the patient's level of pain to know how much medication to administer?
A) Have the patient rate the pain on a scale.
B) Give the medication that is ordered.
C) Start pain medication with the smallest dose possible.
D) Reposition the patient and assess the pain.
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27 Verified Questions
27 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22218
Sample Questions
Q1) A patient comes into the clinic complaining of swelling,heat,and severe pain in the right great toe.The laboratory values are likely to show elevated serum levels of which of the following?
A) Calcium
B) Potassium
C) Uric acid
D) Glucose
Q2) A 67-year-old patient who weighs 285 pounds comes to the doctor's office with a history of progressive onset of pain in her knees and hips.The doctor may tell her which of the following about her treatment?
A) Nothing can be done for her because of her weight.
B) She should take two aspirins and call him in the morning.
C) She should take two aspirins four to six times per day.
D) The pain can be resolved by diet and exercise.
Q3) Methotrexate is used in the treatment of which of the following conditions?
A) Severe back pain
B) Chronic gout pain
C) Osteoarthritis
D) Rheumatoid arthritis
Page 20
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Chapter 19: Gastrointestinal Medications
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22219
Sample Questions
Q1) A 47-year-old patient has been diagnosed with cholesterol gallstones.She has had increased abdominal pain following fatty meals for the past few weeks.The physician orders an x-ray examination,which reveals radiolucent cholesterol gallstones.The physician will likely do which of the following?
A) Start the patient on chenodiol to dissolve the stones.
B) Do nothing;the pain will disappear.
C) Schedule the patient for emergency surgery.
D) Help the patient plan a low-fat diet and schedule her for surgery if the abdominal pain continues.
Q2) The nurse is giving discharge instructions to a patient who will be taking an antacid for gastric problems.Which of the following responses is correct about antacids? (Select all that apply. )
A) Antacids must be taken with a lower fiber diet.
B) Antacids should be taken at bedtime.
C) Antacids serve as a gastric buffer.
D) Antacids must be taken between meals.
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21
Chapter 20: Hematologic Products
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26 Verified Questions
26 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22220
Sample Questions
Q1) Heparin therapy is based on the patient's body weight in kilograms.Which of the following represents the rate used for an IV bolus infusion?
A) 80 units/kg
B) 65 units/kg
C) 5 units/kg
D) 18 units/kg
Q2) A patient comes into the emergency department with complaints of chest pains.An ECG reveals an acute myocardial infarction taking place.You would expect the physician to take which of the following actions?
A) Send the patient directly to the cardiac unit for follow-up care.
B) Give the patient one aspirin and repeat the ECG.
C) Administer a thrombolytic agent for lysis of thrombi.
D) Administer heparin only to prevent potential bleeding of coronary arteries.
Q3) Thrombolytic agents have which of the following actions?
A) They prevent clot formation.
B) They lyse existing clots.
C) They increase the blood's viscosity.
D) They thin the blood.
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22
Chapter 21: Hormones and Steroids
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28 Verified Questions
28 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22221
Sample Questions
Q1) Myxedema is the most severe form of hypothyroidism.Changes with this condition include which of the following signs?
A) Doughy skin
B) Increased body hair
C) Skin hot to the touch
D) Decreased body weight
Q2) A patient came to the clinic for follow-up care after his last visit.His laboratory tests for serum T and TSH confirm hypothyroidism.The nurse expects that this patient will be started on which of the following medications?
A) Prednisone
B) Hydrocortisone
C) Levothyroxine
D) Danazol
Q3) Lipodystrophy is best defined as which of the following?
A) Decrease and shrinkage of fatty tissues
B) Increase in fatty tissue in buttocks
C) Overgrowth of breast tissue
D) Increase in fatty tissue on abdomen
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Chapter 22: Immunologic Medications
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27 Verified Questions
27 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22222
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following patients should take the varicella vaccine?
A) A child who stepped on a rusty nail
B) An adult who has never been immunized
C) A health care worker
D) Any child under 1 year of age
Q2) Which of the following biologic agents are used in a routine schedule for active immunizations?
A) PPD
B) Toxoids
C) Antigens
D) Toxins
Q3) The biologic agent purified protein derivative (PPD)is used to screen for exposure to which of the following diseases?
A) Tuberculosis
B) Yellow fever
C) Pneumonia
D) Cholera
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Chapter 23: Topical Medications
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27 Verified Questions
27 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22223
Sample Questions
Q1) A patient comes into the clinic to renew her prescription for her chronic psoriasis condition.She is likely being treated with which of the following?
A) An antipsoriatic
B) A scabicide
C) A pediculicide
D) Steroids
Q2) A 15-year-old patient is started on adapalene (Differin)for which of the following skin conditions?
A) Pediculosis
B) Ringworm
C) Acne
D) Scabies
Q3) Burow solution is used in wet soaks for inflammation of the skin.Which of the following patient teaching points would the nurse include? (Select all that apply. )
A) Use a single layer of dressings.
B) Moisten multiple layers of dressings.
C) Reapply every 15 to 30 minutes for 4 to 8 hours.
D) These dressings will promote circulation and provide warmth.
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Chapter 24: Vitamins and Minerals
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39 Verified Questions
39 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22224
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is the fat-soluble vitamin with the least potential for toxicity?
A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin E
C) Vitamin D
D) Vitamin K
Q2) The recommended daily allowance of vitamin A for adults is 750 mcg/day.A patient tells the nurse that he is taking 1000 mcg of vitamin A daily to prevent night blindness.The nurse knows that the overdose of this medication can lead to which of the following conditions?
A) Obesity
B) Fluid retention
C) Eye infection
D) Hypervitaminosis
Q3) Women who are lactating should eat foods rich in vitamin A that include which of the following?
A) Eggs and liver
B) Hamburgers and fries
C) Apples and grapes
D) Steak and baked potatoes
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Page 26