Paramedic Science
Textbook Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Paramedic Science is a dynamic course that prepares students to provide emergency medical care in a variety of pre-hospital settings. The curriculum integrates theoretical knowledge with practical skills, covering areas such as anatomy and physiology, pharmacology, patient assessment, and trauma management. Emphasis is placed on rapid decision-making, effective communication, and teamwork while managing acute medical emergencies. Through simulated scenarios and supervised clinical placements, students gain hands-on experience and develop the confidence required for a rewarding career as a paramedic in a fast-paced, ever-changing environment.
Recommended Textbook
ECGs Made Easy 5th Edition by Barbara J Aehlert
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10 Chapters
515 Verified Questions
515 Flashcards
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2
Chapter 1: Anatomy and Physiology
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Sample Questions
Q1) The thick,muscular middle layer of the heart wall that contains the atrial and ventricular muscle fibers necessary for contraction is the _____.
A) epicardium
B) pericardium
C) myocardium
D) endocardium
Answer: C
Q2) Blood flows from the left atrium through the _____ valve into the left ventricle.
A) mitral
B) aortic
C) pulmonic
D) tricuspid
Answer: A
Q3) Briefly describe parasympathetic innervation of the heart.
Answer: Parasympathetic (inhibitory)nerve fibers supply the sinoatrial node,atrial muscle,and the atrioventricular junction of the heart by the vagus nerves.
Q4) The inferior surface of the heart is also called the _____ surface.
Answer: diaphragmatic
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3
Chapter 2: Basic Electrophysiology
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Sample Questions
Q1) During this period,a weaker than normal stimulus can cause depolarization of cardiac cells.
A)Electrolyte
B)Voltmeter
C)Chemical
D)Ectopic
E)Reciprocal changes
F)Atrial
G)Indicative changes
H)Amplitude
I)Repolarization
J)Supranormal
K)Ventricular
L)Reentry
M)Positive
N)Augmented
Answer: J
Q2) On the ECG,what do the ST segment and T wave represent?
Answer: On the ECG,the ST segment represents early ventricular repolarization and the T wave presents ventricular repolarization.
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Sinus Mechanisms
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following are possible causes of sinus bradycardia?
A) Elevated temperature,pain
B) Increased intracranial pressure,beta-blocker overdose
C) Hypoxia,fright,caffeine-containing beverages
D) Hypovolemia,administration of sympathomimetics
Answer: B
Q2) The rate of a sinus rhythm is ____ beats/min.
A) slower than 60
B) 60 to 100
C) 80 to 120
D) faster than 100
Answer: B
Q3) An ECG rhythm strip shows a ventricular rate of 128 bpm,a regular rhythm,a PR interval of 0.16 seconds,a QRS duration of 0.08 seconds,and one upright P wave before each QRS.This rhythm is sinus _____.
A) arrhythmia
B) bradycardia
C) rhythm
D) tachycardia
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Atrial Rhythms
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Sample Questions
Q1) In atrial fibrillation,the AV node attempts to protect the ventricles from the hundreds of impulses bombarding it per minute by blocking many of the impulses generated by the irritable sites in the atria.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Complete the following ECG criteria for AV nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT): Rlythm ____________________________________________ Rate_________________________________________________ p waves__________________________________________________ PR interval_______________________________________________ QRS duration______________________________________________
Q3) Delivery of an electrical current timed for delivery during the QRS complex is called defibrillation.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A macroreentrant circuit is one that involves a small area of heart tissue,usually a few centimeters or less.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Junctional Rhythms
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Sample Questions
Q1) An escape rhythm is initiated by a lower pacemaker site when the sinoatrial (SA)node slows or fails to initiate an impulse.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Complete the following ECG criteria for a junctional escape rhythm: Rlythm_____________________________________________
P waves_______________________________________________
PR interval________________________________________________
QRS duration____________________________________________________
Q3) The AV junction consists of the AV node and the nonbranching portion of the bundle of His.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In a junctional rhythm viewed in lead II,where is the location of the P wave on the ECG if atrial and ventricular depolarization occur simultaneously?
A) Before the QRS complex
B) During the QRS complex
C) After the QRS complex
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Ventricular Rhythms
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Sample Questions
Q1) The term premature ventricular complex is technically more correct than premature ventricular contraction.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Complete the following ECG criteria for an accelerated idioventricular rhythm: Rlythm______________________________________
Q3) Complete the following ECG criteria for ventricular fibrillation: Rlythm________________________________
Q4) What is the name given to polymorphic VT that occurs in the presence of a long QT interval?
Q5) List four reasons why the ventricles may assume responsibility for pacing the heart.
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Chapter 7: Heart Blocks
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ventricular rhythm is regular in second-degree AV block type I.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Indicate the ECG criteria for the following dysrhythmias: \(\begin{array}{lccc}
& \text { Third-Degree AV Block } & \text { 2:1 AV Block } \\
\text { Ventricular } \\
\text { Rhythm } & ----------& ---------- \\
\text { PR interval } & ----------& ---------- \\
\text { QRS width } & ----------& ---------- \\ \end{array}\)
Q3) A _____ bundle branch block produces a RSR pattern in lead V?.
Q4) Most of the bundle branch tissue is supplied by the _____ coronary artery.
A) right B) left
Q5) The QRS complex associated with a third-degree AV block is always wide.
A)True B)False
Q6) A _____ bundle branch block produces a QS pattern in lead V?.
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Pacemaker Rhythms
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Sample Questions
Q1) Your patient has a VVI pacemaker.Briefly explain the meaning of each of these letters.
Q2) The second letter of the pacemaker identification code represents _____.
A) programmable functions
B) the chamber sensed
C) the mode of response
D) the chamber paced
Q3) Explain the benefits of a dual-chamber pacemaker.
Q4) A(n)_____ _____ is a vertical line on the ECG that indicates the artificial pacemaker has discharged.
Q5) Explain the difference between electrical capture and mechanical capture.
Q6) Describe what is meant by the term overdrive pacing.
Q7) The first letter of the pacemaker identification code represents _____.
A) the chamber sensed
B) the chamber paced
C) the mode of response
D) programmable functions
Q8) A demand pacemaker is also known as a _____ pacemaker.
Page 10
Q9) Your patient has a DDD pacemaker.Briefly explain the meaning of each of these letters.
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Chapter 9: Introduction to the 12-Lead ECG
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Sample Questions
Q1) Lead II views the _____ wall of the left ventricle.
A) anterior
B) inferior
C) septal
D) lateral
Q2) Lead aVL views the _____.
A) interatrial septum
B) lateral wall of the left ventricle
C) inferior wall of the left ventricle
D) anterior wall of the right ventricle
Q3) An ECG machine's sensitivity must be calibrated so that a 1-millivolt electrical signal will produce a deflection measuring exactly _____ mm tall.
A) 0.5
B) 1
C) 5
D) 10
Q4) When you read a 12-lead ECG from left to right,the ECG tracing is continuous.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Describe the appearance of a pathologic Q wave.
Page 12
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Chapter 10: Post-Test
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Sample Questions
Q1) Indicate the heart surface viewed by each of the following: Leads II, 111, aVF_________________________ Leads V<sub>1</sub>, V<sub>2</sub>_____________________________ Leads V<sub>3</sub>, V<sub>4</sub>______________________________ Leads I, aVL V<sub>5</sub>, V<sub>6</sub>________________________
Q2) A(n)_____ _____ is a vertical line on the ECG that indicates the pacemaker has discharged.
Q3) On an ECG,what is the first negative deflection seen after the P wave?
A) Q wave
B) R wave
C) S wave
D) T wave
Q4) Which of the following leads are anatomically contiguous?
A) II,V<sub>2</sub>
B) II,III,V<sub>3</sub>
C) I,V<sub>3</sub>,V<sub>4</sub>
D) V<sub>2</sub>,V<sub>3</sub>,V<sub>4</sub>
Q5) When reviewing a 12-lead ECG,intervals and duration are usually expressed in _____.
Q6) Each small box on ECG paper represents _____ seconds.
Page 13
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