Paralegal Studies Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Paralegal Studies provides students with a comprehensive understanding of the legal system and the essential skills required to support attorneys in various legal environments. The course covers legal research, writing, ethics, case management, litigation procedures, and the practical use of legal technology. Emphasis is placed on developing analytical thinking, effective communication, and a thorough knowledge of substantive and procedural law. Graduates are prepared for diverse roles in law firms, government agencies, corporations, and nonprofit organizations, gaining the expertise needed to excel as professional paralegals in a dynamic legal landscape.
Recommended Textbook Technology in the Law Office 4th Edition by Thomas F. Goldman
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Chapter 1: Technology in the Law Office
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Q1) Technology has had a significant impact not only on the ability to retain documents,but also on the following:
A) increased demand for off-site storage space for paper documents
B) the ability to find and access documents
C) the decreased retention of documents
D) the decreased demand for IT professionals
Answer: B
Q2) The new ________________ organize and formalize what had once been a patchwork of court rules and case law on electronic discovery.
Answer: Federal Rules of Civil Procedure
Q3) The recent amendments to the ________ have had a major impact on thinking about technology in the practice of law.
Answer: Federal Rules of Civil Procedure
Q4) What are some of the disadvantages associated with the increased use of technology in the law office?
Answer: Less face to face conversation,longer work hours,legal staff is expected to work from home in the evenings and weekends,clients are expecting answers to questions more quickly.
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Chapter 2: Ethics and Professional Responsibility in a Technology Age
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Q1) The basis of the _______________ rule is the belief that a person cannot be loyal to two clients.
Answer: conflict of interest
Q2) All communication between the client and the lawyer for the purpose of obtaining legal advice is protected by the _________________.
Answer: attorney-client privilege
Q3) The conflict of interest doctrine requires that an attorney not mislead the court or opposing counsel with false statements of law or facts that the lawyer knows to be false.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) The ethical duty of fairness is violated if in a criminal case if a prosecutor does not turn over exculpatory evidence that might show a defendant is innocent. A)True
B)False Answer: True
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Chapter 3: Computers in the Law Office
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Q1) The battery backup systems that are used for computers to guard against loss of files when there is a short-term power loss or a long-term outage are known as:
A) United Parcel Services (UPS)
B) Uninterrupted Processing Supply (UPS)
C) Unconnected Power Supply (UPS)
D) Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS)
Answer: C
Q2) Which of the following would not qualify as legal specialty software:
A) case management software
B) mobile operating software
C) office management software
D) trial presentation software
Answer: B
Q3) Every device that is connected to a network is referred to as a:
A) host
B) CPU
C) motherboard
D) WAN
Answer: A
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Page 5
Chapter 4: The Internet, the Cloud, and Communications
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Q1) Explain the difference between system metadata and content metadata.Why might it be just as important to protect system metadata as it is to protect content data from unauthorized persons?
Q2) An ______________ is a record or file associated with another record for the purpose of storage or transfer.
Q3) The modern equivalent of a telephone number is the:
A) control address
B) e-mail address
C) physical address
D) logical address
Q4) All of the federal ______ courts have implemented e-filing.
Q5) The______ is the open standard for compression and decompression used widely for PC download archives.
A) ZIP file
B) ISDN
C) TIFF file
D) PDF file
Q6) Explain the use of electronic access to cases and e-filing in the federal court system
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Chapter 5: Word Processing
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Q1) _____ functions may provide assistance with standardized features found in all programs,as well as with specialized features.
A) synchronized
B) help
C) generic
D) template
Q2) How does the ethical duty of confidentiality affect the way word processor documents are saved?
Q3) The protect documents option of a word processing program:
A) allows a user to edit the areas of the top and bottom of the document
B) restricts how people may access a word processing document, and protects the document from changes to the formatting or text.
C) allows computers to connect to other computers.
D) prevents clients from committing criminal acts.
Q4) ________________ a feature that shows the original text,the deleted text,and the new text using a series of lines that appear as strikethroughs and margin notes in the document.
Q5) Document properties are a part of the _________ for word processing documents
Q6) ________________ is standard language used in other documents.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Spreadsheets
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Q1) Most office suite applications cannot be password-controlled for security.
A)True B)False
Q2) Any selection of cells can be converted to a _________ using the Chart tool.
Q3) Each spreadsheet has a choice of tools and features that may be displayed on the toolbars for quick use.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Data in a spreadsheet can be explained in the form of _____________.
Q5) Workbooks are:
A) as horizontal cell in a spreadsheet
B) a collection of worksheets
C) a vertical set of cells in a spreadsheet
D) chronological listings of facts of a case
Q6) A row is a:
A) vertical set of cells in a spreadsheet
B) computerized format utilizing a series of 1s and 0s
C) horizontal set of cells in a spreadsheet
D) a template
Q7) A collection of worksheets is called a _____________.
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Chapter 7: Electronic Databases
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Q1) A database cannot be created from an excel spreadsheet.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Databases are similar to filing cabinets which use a file drawer for a specific class of information
A)True
B)False
Q3) Reports show the data from a database:
A) in an organized presentation
B) in two or more tables
C)in a file for archiving purposes
D) in a single-column format
Q4) Software vendors have created applications for the legal community,and have custom designed the ________ views for input of legal information.
A) form
B) legal
C) clear
D) electronic
Q5) Databases organize information in _________ containing fields of information.
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Chapter 8: Utilities, applications and Tools
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Q1) Virtual law offices present new issues in protecting the confidentiality of client information transmitted or available over the Internet.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Document assembly software allows for the automatic insertion of variables into a template.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A Virtual Law Office is a phrase used to describe
A) a very powerful engine, capable of performing research inquiries
B) a law practice that exists online
C) a modern research tool
D) a fictitious law firm
Q4) Document ________________ software allows for the automatic insertion of variables into a template.
Q5) A TIFF is the most commonly used format for sharing documents.
A)True
B)False
Q6) How can client confidentiality be protected when using the Internet?
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Office Management Software
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Sample Questions
Q1) As Jack Parsons' firm has grown,he has taken on cases in many different jurisdictions.Some cases are located in federal district court,and others are in state court.Each jurisdiction has its own deadlines and timetables for discovery,status conferences,motions,and pleadings.A few of his cases have been appealed,and the courts at the appellate level have their own schedules for appellate briefs and hearings.For most of his career,Jack has used a paper calendar book into which he wrote the filing dates,hearings,and conferences for all his cases.He would include reminders in advance of these dates to allow for preparation.Each of his three associates had similar calendars.Nevertheless,it was becoming more difficult to keep up with changes in court rules that affected all of the schedules and time frames.In addition,he could never be sure that all of his associates were "on the same page" concerning deadlines.What tools are available to help with Jack with these calendaring functions?
Q2) Accounting records are important to maintain for the clients,who expect accurate billing statements.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What resources are available for learning how to use office management software programs? Where are these resources located?
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Case Organization and Management Software
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Q1) A plug-in software program that allows for the use of webinars is called _______________.
Q2) Web or cloud-based services that store electronic information are called ____________.
Q3) Case management software offers a convenient method for organizing the parts of a case:
A) in the court's file room.
B) in every trial notebook or workstation.
C) in a central repository.
D) in a central file box.
Q4) When a client first comes to the firm to seek legal advice,their names and the subject matter of their cases
A) is less sensitive than other client information provided to the firm.
B) must be kept confidential to the same extent as any other client information.
C) should be made available to other law firms who may be interested in working on the case.
D) becomes public information once entered into the case management system.
Q5) A chronological listing of the facts of a case is called a ____________.
Q6) How can a timeline be used during the initial fact gathering phase of a case?
Q7) CaseMap is a type of case ________________ software.
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Chapter 11: The Changing Face of Discovery and the Basics
of E-Discovery
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Q1) The content metadata is used to track or locate the file containing the data,such as the file name,size,and location
A)True
B)False
Q2) A major issue in e-discovery is ________ of discovery.
A) timing
B) unreliability
C) cost
D) labor
Q3) Discovery may not begin until the lawyers have conferred and developed a proposed _______ plan,as required in Fed.R.Civ.P 26.
A) settlement
B) ESI
C) privilege
D) discovery
Q4) To protect and retrieve inadvertently disclosed confidential or privileged materials the attorney should include a claw-back provision in the discovery plan.
A)True
B)False
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Evolving Issues in E-Discovery
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Q1) More businesses are adopting retention policies for electronic data,which govern how long this information is retained.
A)True
B)False
Q2) More businesses are adopting ____________ for electronic data,which govern how long this information is retained.
Q3) The term ADR refers to the destruction of evidence pertaining to litigation.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Good faith destruction of documents is established by:
A) establishing a standard operating procedure for retention and destruction of documents.
B) establishing a standard operating procedure for retention of documents.
C) establishing a standard operating procedure for retention and destruction of documents that includes a litigation hold policy.
D) saving a separate electronic back-up version of every document destroyed.
Q5) ______ can involve almost any method of destroying evidence.
Q6) Explain the purpose of a litigation hold,and the duty to preserve evidence.
Page 14
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Chapter 13: E-Discovery--The Process
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Q1) The most familiar method used for constructing a search query is the _______ model
Q2) The Electronic Discovery _________ Model provides a model for effective e-discovery procedures.
Q3) In an algebraic search,a mathematical model is created to retrieve documents based on the proximity of certain words to others.
A)True
B)False
Q4) If a smaller law firm does not have sufficient in-house personnel to handle a high volume of e-discovery,they can solve this problem by A)converting all of the electronic documents into paper form.
B)using delay tactics to extend the length of the discovery period.
C)hiring an outside consulting firm to assist with the process.
D)reviewing only a select portion of the documents produced.
Q5) A _______ is a written record showing the identity of everyone accessing evidence and showing that the evidence was not altered while in their possession.
Q6) Document _________ policies that provide for the periodic or routine destruction of stored information are not permissible.
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Chapter 14: Analysis and Review of E-Discovery
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Q1) One of the differences between TIFF and PDF is the amount of ________ required to store one document.
Q2) The typical response to a paper document request is the delivery of a photocopy of the requested item.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Before a document may be admitted into evidence,it must be authenticated,meaning that sufficient supporting evidence must be introduced to verify that the document is what the proponent says it is.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The process of reviewing a client's documents to identify those that contain privileged or confidential information,or attorney work product is called
Q5) Every electronic document has:
A) numbering.
B) metadata.
C) coding.
D) filtering.
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Chapter 15: The Electronic Courtroom
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Q1) If a courtroom appears to be fully equipped with the latest audio and visual presentation technology,
A) it is usually not necessary for the trial team to bring their own presentation equipment.
B) most laptops today have all the connections necessary to interface with nearly any display equipment.
C) the trial team should confirm that their hardware and software is compatible.
D) the trial team should modify their presentation to fully utilize every type of technology available.
Q2) If a key piece of presentation equipment fails in the middle of trial,the trial team should assume
A) the judge will instruct the jury to disregard technology-related errors.
B) under the rules of procedure, a continuance will be granted until it is replaced or repaired.
C) back-up equipment can be provided by the courthouse technology staff.
D) the judge may continue the trial regardless of the failure.
Q3) An ________ refers to a courtroom equipped with electronic equipment for use in trial presentations.
Q4) Describe the elements of the electronic courtroom.
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Chapter 16: Presentation and Trial Graphics
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Q1) How are presentations used in the legal community?
Q2) Graphics used during the pretrial settlement process are
A) barred from use at trial by the rules of evidence
B) protected by work product privilege.
C) seldom used at trial because they are already revealed.
D) often used as trial exhibits.
Q3) Spreadsheets,such as Excel,are
A) usually considered too complex for a jury to understand.
B) difficult to modify if the evidence changes.
C) a useful way to present information both before and during trial.
D) too informal to send to other parties.
Q4) The Greenway Chemical trial seems to be going well,as the plaintiffs' experts provided powerful testimony connecting the discharge from the plant to the plaintiffs' illnesses.Jack Parsons is now working feverishly on his closing argument.Although the facts tended to favor his client,the case involved very complex scientific issues based on technical medical and toxicological evidence.He needed to present these facts to the jury as clearly and as simply as possible.Because he was most familiar with PowerPoint,he decided to use this software for his closing argument.What suggestions would you give him in developing his presentation?
Q5) How can a spreadsheet be used effectively at trial?
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Chapter 17: Electronic Trial Presentation
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Q1) In Windows Explorer,multiple files may selected using the A) shift key
B) control key
C) escape key
D) alt key
Q2) Trial presentation programs allow existing files to be _____ by copying them into the program data file and making a selection for presentation.
Q3) Ideally,when creating a presentation created with a trial presentation program,all of the data should be
A) contained in the internal hard drive on the computer.
B) distributed among a set of flash drives,organized by data type.
C) located only on a single,secure external hard drive.
D) stored primarily on the internal hard drive,with additional files on a flash drive.
Q4) In Sanction,the entire finished presentation is viewed using A) Final Mode
B) Presentation Mode
C) Combined Version
D) Trial Version
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