Organizational Psychology Final
Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Organizational Psychology examines the psychological principles and research methodologies that apply to behavior within workplace settings. This course explores topics such as motivation, leadership, teamwork, job satisfaction, organizational culture, communication, decision-making, and the psychological aspects of change management. Students will learn how individual and group behaviors influence organizational effectiveness and how psychological theories can be used to improve employee well-being, increase productivity, and foster a positive work environment. Practical applications, case studies, and current research findings will be discussed to provide a comprehensive understanding of human behavior in organizations.
Recommended Textbook
Organizational Behavior Improving Performance and Commitment in the Workplace 6th Edition
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16 Chapters
1931 Verified Questions
1931 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: What Is Organizational Behavior?
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Sample Questions
Q1) The integrative model of OB was designed with the Rule of One-Eighth in mind.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Which organizational mechanism illustrated by the integrative model dictates how the units within the firm link to other units?
A) organizational leadership
B) organizational structure
C) organizational culture
D) organizational ability
E) organization size
Answer: B
Q3) Of the following, which is a primary individual outcome according to the integrative model?
A) team cohesion
B) job satisfaction
C) cultural awareness
D) personality adaptability
E) organizational commitment
Answer: E
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Chapter 2: Job Performance
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Sample Questions
Q1) Creative task performance is a behavior that is only valuable in jobs such as artist and inventor.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Emily, Shalonda, and Tomas all work at Terence Butler Life & Auto, an insurance agency. Their boss, Terence, has a very full schedule, but he knows he can rely on his three employees. Emily specifically takes on the role of attending all community-related meetings and functions where the agency might have a stake, and Shalonda helps out with constructive suggestions on the operation of the office. Tomas makes it his job to serve as unofficial representative for the agency, ensuring that it maintains a positive image not only with customers, but also with neighboring businesses and the community as a whole. These employees' actions are examples of A) creative task performance.
B) organizational citizenship behavior.
C) routine task performance
D) adaptive task performance
E) interpersonal citizenship behavior.
Answer: B
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4
Chapter 3: Organizational Commitment
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Sample Questions
Q1) Embeddedness summarizes employees' links to their organization and community, their sense of fit with that organization and community, and what they would have to sacrifice for a job change.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) An effective way for organizations to foster affective commitment is through improving salary and benefits packages.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) A passive, constructive response to negative events that maintains public support for the situation while the individual privately hopes for improvement is referred to as A) voice.
B) exit.
C) neglect.
D) loyalty.
E) ignorance.
Answer: D
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Job Satisfaction
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Sample Questions
Q1) ________ are usually the most accurate and most effective in assessing the job satisfaction of rank-and-file employees.
A) Attitude surveys
B) Interviews
C) Focus groups
D) Questionnaires
E) Discussions
Q2) The psychological state that reflects the degree to which work tasks are viewed as something that "counts" in the employee's system of philosophies and beliefs is known as
A) responsibility for outcomes.
B) knowledge of results.
C) meaningfulness of work.
D) variety.
E) identity.
Q3) Why is it important for restaurant servers, flight attendants, and retail salespeople to be able to control their emotions? Discuss the importance of emotional labor. Support your answer with examples.
Q4) Describe the effects of job satisfaction on performance and commitment.
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Chapter 5: Stress
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a nonwork hindrance stressor?
A) family time demands
B) a positive life event
C) personal development
D) time pressure
E) financial uncertainty
Q2) A supervisor appears understanding and empathizes with his subordinates when they experience work-related stress. In this example, the supervisor is providing ________ support.
A) instrumental
B) emotional
C) tangible
D) physiological
E) cognitive
Q3) Explain the concept of presenteeism, and describe the effects it has on workplace productivity.
Q4) Describe the practices that organizations use to reduce employee strains.
Q5) Stressors can cause gastrointestinal system problems.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Motivation
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Sample Questions
Q1) The "R" in the S.M.A.R.T. goals acronym stands for
A) robust.
B) resolved.
C) requirements.
D) results-based.
E) realist.
Q2) ________ is the cognitive groupings or clusters of outcomes that are viewed as having critical psychological or physiological consequences.
A) Instrumentality
B) Valence
C) Equity
D) Expectancy
E) Needs
Q3) The motivating force with the strongest performance effect is the perception of equity.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Valence can be positive, negative, or zero.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Trust, Justice, and Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss how relationships based on the social exchange play an important role in employee-authority relationships.
Q2) The final step in the four-component model of ethical decision making is
A) ethical behavior.
B) ethical identity.
C) moral intent.
D) moral awareness.
Q3) The ________ norm is typically judged to be the fairest choice in situations in which the goal is to maximize the productivity of individual employees.
A) equity
B) equality
C) need
D) standard
E) prescriptive
Q4) Kohlberg's theory of cognitive moral development proposes that as people age and mature, they move through the preconventional, postconventional, and principled stages of moral development.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Learning and Decision Making
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Sample Questions
Q1) Learning has a weak positive effect on commitment.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Communities of practice are groups of employees who work together and learn from one another by collaborating over an extended period of time.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Identify and explain the two methods of decision making, and give examples of each.
Q4) ________ describes the situation when someone decides to continue to follow a failing course of action.
A) The ratio bias effect
B) The self-serving bias
C) The gambler's fallacy
D) An escalation of commitment
E) The fundamental attribution error
Q5) Compare and contrast the five schedules of reinforcement. Provide an example of each.
Q6) Compare and contrast rational decision making and bounded rationality.
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Chapter 9: Personality and Cultural Values
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Sample Questions
Q1) Conscientious people are dependable, organized, reliable, ambitious, hardworking, and persevering.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A zero acquaintance situation is a situation in which
A) two people have just met each other.
B) two people have no friends in common.
C) a company forbids romantic relations among employees.
D) someone has a personality that makes them avoid others.
E) a company routinely shifts personnel among departments.
Q3) Kartik never raises his voice or loses his temper, and he explains things calmly in chaotic situations when others cannot. He is described by his coworkers as cool and relaxed. Kartik probably scores
A) high in openness to experience.
B) high in neuroticism.
C) high in introversion.
D) low in neuroticism.
E) low on introversion.
Q4) What is personality? Explain how personality affects how others see us.
Q5) Describe the personality types from Holland's RIASEC model.
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Ability
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Sample Questions
Q1) Emotional intelligence is a more important determinant of job performance for people with lower levels of cognitive intelligence.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Response time refers to the ability
A) that reflects how quickly an individual responds to signaling information after it occurs.
B) to exert a short burst of energy to move a body or an object.
C) to choose the right action quickly in response to several different signals.
D) required to differentiate between sound pitches rapidly.
E) to quickly bend, stretch, or twist the body.
Q3) Self-awareness is a(n) ________ ability.
A) cognitive B) emotional C) physical
D) sensory E) intuitive
Q4) Written expression is the ability to understand written words and sentences. A)True B)False
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Teams: Characteristics and Diversity
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Sample Questions
Q1) On a highly self-managed team, there are strict rules regarding goals, procedures, and roles.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following best describes the group development pattern known as punctuated equilibrium?
A) A team transitions directly from the storming stage to the adjourning stage as it is suddenly shut down.
B) At the midpoint of the project, members realize that their behavior pattern must change in order to complete the project on time.
C) Members of teams with a limited life span undergo a feeling of depression and anxiety when the time comes for the group to disband.
D) A team skips the initial stages of forming and storming and begins at the performing stage of development.
E) The attitudes and behaviors of members of a team do not change for as long as the team is in existence.
Q3) How does diversity improve the ability of groups to solve problems and be successful?
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Chapter 12: Teams: Processes and Communication
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Sample Questions
Q1) Define team process, and differentiate between process gain and process loss.
Q2) Explain the role of a devil's advocate in relation to group cohesion.
Q3) Briefly describe creative behavior and decision-making taskwork processes, and give one example of each.
Q4) As a result of a strong marketing push during the pre-holiday period, sales of the Talking Tomato novelty toy increase by 150 percent. Troy, the production manager for the company that makes the product, is tasked with making sure the company can meet demand in the coming months. Things seem to be going well at first, but then the assembly line manager tells Troy that they are low on the audio components that provide the Talking Tomato's vocal sounds. After checking his past purchase orders, Troy realizes he failed to submit a request for additional parts. As a result, the assembly line workers are unable to deliver enough units to keep store shelves stocked for the holidays. Troy would have avoided this mistake if he had employed which of the following teamwork processes?
A) coordination
B) goal specification
C) helping behavior
D) systems monitoring
E) strategy formulation
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Chapter 13: Leadership: Power and Negotiation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Involving the use of problem solving and mutual respect to achieve an outcome that's satisfying for both parties, ________ is aimed at accomplishing a win-win scenario.
A) exchanging information
B) distributive bargaining
C) integrative bargaining
D) substitutability
E) negotiation
Q2) Wherever he goes, Sammy develops contacts, only he calls it simply making friends. He asks the person about themselves, they chat a bit, and a few minutes later Sammy walks away having made a new friend-not to mention a business contact whose information he now has logged in on the address book of his cell phone. This illustrates ________, the dimension of political skill.
A) social astuteness
B) apparent sincerity
C) networking ability
D) organizational politics
E) interpersonal influence
Q3) Describe the guidelines for using different types of power.
Q4) Identify the five types of power and discuss each, with examples.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Leadership: Styles and Behaviors
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the leader-member exchange theory, the two general types of leader-member dyads are
A) role taking exchange and role selling exchange.
B) high-quality exchange and low-quality exchange.
C) intrinsic and extrinsic.
D) role making and role selling.
E) participating exchange and observing exchange.
Q2) According to the life cycle theory of leadership, a group of employees who are working together for the first time and are eager to begin, but who lack the experience and confidence needed to perform their roles, are at which level of readiness?
A) R1
B) R2
C) R3
D) R4
E) R5
Q3) Describe the leader-member exchange theory. Explain the two types of dyads.
Q4) Discuss the substitutes for leadership model. Define substitutes and neutralizers, and provide examples of each.
Q5) Differentiate between initiating structure and consideration.
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Chapter 15: Organizational Structure
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Sample Questions
Q1) In Big Bluff Heirlooms, a furniture manufacturing company, the arrival and departure times to and from work are specified to the minute, with time clocks used to control deviant behavior. It can be said that the company is high in
A) formalization.
B) centralization.
C) decentralization.
D) division of labor.
E) work differentiation.
Q2) One of the biggest environmental factors affecting organizational structure is whether the
A) competitor's structure matches industry needs.
B) external culture clashes with intrinsic values.
C) suppliers' cultures match the company's.
D) outside environment is stable or dynamic.
E) internal environment is stable or dynamic.
Q3) As companies grow larger, their organizational charts get simpler.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Differentiate between mechanistic and organic structures.
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Chapter 16: Organizational Culture
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Sample Questions
Q1) In organizations with networked cultures, we tend to find ________ sociability and ________ solidarity.
A) low; low
B) low; moderate
C) high; low
D) moderate; high
E) moderate; low
Q2) To encourage innovation at the organization, MicroTrac allows its engineers to spend 20 percent of their working time pursuing projects that they are passionate about. This describes a(n) ________ culture.
A) service
B) creativity
C) disruptive
D) fragmented
E) individualized
Q3) Briefly describe the three major components of culture. Provide an example of each.
Q4) Organizations that have mercenary cultures are likely to be very political.
A)True
B)False
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